Chapter OneChapter One Point of View – First PersonPoint of View – First Person Theme – Questioning Authority – Kantorek/EldersTheme – Questioning Authority – Kantorek/Elders Paradox – an apparent contradiction that is Paradox – an apparent contradiction that is

actually trueactually true

Windfall – why extra rations?Windfall – why extra rations? GingerGinger Latrine situation – Why?Latrine situation – Why? Kantorek – Little Man SyndromeKantorek – Little Man Syndrome Josef Behm – IronyJosef Behm – Irony Kemmerich – BootsKemmerich – Boots Iron Youth – youth was long ago; they are now old Iron Youth – youth was long ago; they are now old

menmen

Chapter One, cont.Chapter One, cont.

Characters: Characters: – Paul Baumer – protagonistPaul Baumer – protagonist– Albert Kropp – thinkerAlbert Kropp – thinker– Muller – school booksMuller – school books– Leer – ladies’ manLeer – ladies’ man

– Tjaden – skinny; locksmithTjaden – skinny; locksmith– Haie Westhus – big man; peat diggerHaie Westhus – big man; peat digger– Detering – peasant farmerDetering – peasant farmer– Stanislaus Katczinsky – leader; resourcefulStanislaus Katczinsky – leader; resourceful

Chapter TwoChapter Two Theme – Questioning AuthorityTheme – Questioning Authority

– Older generation vs. younger menOlder generation vs. younger men– A wasteland – no anchor in the past, no A wasteland – no anchor in the past, no

prospect for the futureprospect for the future Muller – not selfish, practicalMuller – not selfish, practical What they learned in campWhat they learned in camp Himmelstoss – Also little-man syndromeHimmelstoss – Also little-man syndrome Kemmerich’s death – orderlies uncaring; Kemmerich’s death – orderlies uncaring;

they need the bedthey need the bed

Chapter Two, cont.Chapter Two, cont.

Tasks for trainingTasks for training– Remade bedRemade bed– Kneaded bootsKneaded boots– Scrubbed with toothbrushScrubbed with toothbrush– Snow clean-up with hand broomSnow clean-up with hand broom– ““Prepare to advance, advance, lie down”Prepare to advance, advance, lie down”– Attention in the coldAttention in the cold– Running stairs at 3 a.m. in skivviesRunning stairs at 3 a.m. in skivvies

Brutal training – Good or Bad?Brutal training – Good or Bad?

Chapter Two, cont.Chapter Two, cont.

““We became hard, suspicious, We became hard, suspicious, pitiless, vicious, tough – and that was pitiless, vicious, tough – and that was good; for these attributes were just good; for these attributes were just what we lacked. Had we gone into what we lacked. Had we gone into the trenches without this period of the trenches without this period of training most of us would certainly training most of us would certainly have gone mad.”have gone mad.”

Esprit de corpsEsprit de corps – finest thing that – finest thing that arose out of the war - comradeshiparose out of the war - comradeship

Chapter ThreeChapter Three Juxtaposing scenes – depressing Juxtaposing scenes – depressing

discussion of war and account of discussion of war and account of Himmelstoss’s comeuppanceHimmelstoss’s comeuppance

Kat’s sixth senseKat’s sixth sense Casual wager on outcome of battle – men Casual wager on outcome of battle – men

are desensitizedare desensitized Kropp’s idea for warKropp’s idea for war Tjaden’s hatred for HimmelstossTjaden’s hatred for Himmelstoss Revenge is like black pudding – delicacy; Revenge is like black pudding – delicacy;

this is a metaphorthis is a metaphor Himmelstoss’s beat-downHimmelstoss’s beat-down

Chapter FourChapter Four

Irony – graveyard scene: not even Irony – graveyard scene: not even the dead can rest; take cover to save the dead can rest; take cover to save life under coffinslife under coffins

Apostrophe – speaker directly Apostrophe – speaker directly addresses something nonhumanaddresses something nonhuman

What does the earth mean to a What does the earth mean to a soldier?soldier?

Chapter Four, cont.Chapter Four, cont.

Feelings on the way to the frontFeelings on the way to the front Heightening of sensesHeightening of senses Fair-headed recruit – first incidentFair-headed recruit – first incident Wounded horses – symbolicWounded horses – symbolic First incident of gas First incident of gas Fair-headed recruit – second incidentFair-headed recruit – second incident Chapter comes full-circleChapter comes full-circle

Chapter FiveChapter Five

Theme – Comeradeship: goose Theme – Comeradeship: goose dinnerdinner

Killing liceKilling lice Peacetime plansPeacetime plans

– Kropp would get drunkKropp would get drunk– Kat – take care of familyKat – take care of family– Haie – women – then stay in army – Haie – women – then stay in army –

Why?Why?– Tjaden – stop HimmelstossTjaden – stop Himmelstoss– Detering – straight on with harvestDetering – straight on with harvest

Chapter Five, cont.Chapter Five, cont. Himmestoss appearsHimmestoss appears Tjaden ignores his commandsTjaden ignores his commands Threatened with court-martialThreatened with court-martial

Out of 20 men in their class, 7 dead, 4 Out of 20 men in their class, 7 dead, 4 wounded, 1 in mad house, 3 promoted, plus wounded, 1 in mad house, 3 promoted, plus themthem

Useless things they learned in schoolUseless things they learned in school 3 important lessons they learned in the field3 important lessons they learned in the field

– Light a cigarette in the rainLight a cigarette in the rain– Start a fire with wet woodStart a fire with wet wood– Bayonet usageBayonet usage

Chapter Five, cont.Chapter Five, cont. Trial – Bertink in chargeTrial – Bertink in charge

– Men explain what they went throughMen explain what they went through– Bertink lectures Himmelstoss that the Bertink lectures Himmelstoss that the

front is not a parade groundfront is not a parade ground– Tjaden gets a long sermon and 3 days’ Tjaden gets a long sermon and 3 days’

open arrestopen arrest– Kropp gets 1 day’s open arrestKropp gets 1 day’s open arrest

Kat and Paul and the goose dinnerKat and Paul and the goose dinner– Supreme friendshipSupreme friendship

Chapter SixChapter Six Vivid imagery – butterflies playing on skullVivid imagery – butterflies playing on skull Forlorn like children and experienced like Forlorn like children and experienced like

old menold men Theme – Horrors of WarTheme – Horrors of War

New Coffins – For Whom?New Coffins – For Whom? How is the Germany Army doing?How is the Germany Army doing? ChanceChance Corpse RatsCorpse Rats Claustrophobia – new recruitClaustrophobia – new recruit The attackThe attack Memories of homeMemories of home

Chapter Six, cont.Chapter Six, cont.

Missing men – stuck in No Man’s Missing men – stuck in No Man’s LandLand

New Recruits – trouble Why?New Recruits – trouble Why? Teaching the New RecruitsTeaching the New Recruits Himmelstoss in combatHimmelstoss in combat How long has it been? How many How long has it been? How many

have survived?have survived?

Chapter SevenChapter Seven

Situational irony – Paul’s visit home. Situational irony – Paul’s visit home. Not happy as we would expectNot happy as we would expect

Why are the men okay with Why are the men okay with Himmelstoss now?Himmelstoss now?

TerrorTerror PropagandaPropaganda The French WomenThe French Women

Chapter Seven, cont.Chapter Seven, cont. 17 days leave for Paul – then training; why 17 days leave for Paul – then training; why

is he not happy?is he not happy? Mother – what is wrong?Mother – what is wrong? Paul lies about situation at front – why?Paul lies about situation at front – why? What incident causes Paul to change out What incident causes Paul to change out

of his uniform?of his uniform? FatherFather Teacher/Other elders at barTeacher/Other elders at bar Mittelstaedt and KantorekMittelstaedt and Kantorek Leave is a pauseLeave is a pause Kemmerich’s motherKemmerich’s mother Paul’s own motherPaul’s own mother

Chapter EightChapter Eight

Universal brotherhood – similarities Universal brotherhood – similarities between Paul and Russiansbetween Paul and Russians

Training camp on the MoorsTraining camp on the Moors Russian prisonersRussian prisoners Father and sister visitFather and sister visit Potato cakesPotato cakes

Chapter NineChapter Nine

Remarque is criticizing nationalism, Remarque is criticizing nationalism, which puts national loyalty above which puts national loyalty above any other; major cause of WWIany other; major cause of WWI

Paradox – It (gunfire) reveals too Paradox – It (gunfire) reveals too little and too much.little and too much.

InspectionInspection Fatherland – Country offending a Fatherland – Country offending a

countrycountry Back up to the front lineBack up to the front line

Chapter Nine, cont.Chapter Nine, cont.

Death of Gerard DuvalDeath of Gerard Duval Kat and Albert bring him inKat and Albert bring him in Sniper at the endSniper at the end

Chapter TenChapter Ten

Humor – Josef Hamacher, supply Humor – Josef Hamacher, supply dump dinnerdump dinner

Guard duty – village supply dumpGuard duty – village supply dump Comic aspects of their dinnerComic aspects of their dinner Paul, Albert wounded in evacuationPaul, Albert wounded in evacuation Dressing station; train; hospitalDressing station; train; hospital Incidents on trainIncidents on train

Chapter Ten, cont.Chapter Ten, cont.

Josef Hammacher – shooting lisenceJosef Hammacher – shooting lisence Franz Wachter – dead room Franz Wachter – dead room Peter – bandaging wardPeter – bandaging ward Operations, surgeonsOperations, surgeons AlbertAlbert More of the Horrors of WarMore of the Horrors of War LewandowskiLewandowski Paul’s second leavePaul’s second leave

Chapter Eleven, TwelveChapter Eleven, Twelve

Symbolism – the bootsSymbolism – the boots Relationship between Kat and Paul –Relationship between Kat and Paul –

they are related: both are sacrificial they are related: both are sacrificial victims to the war. This is irony.victims to the war. This is irony.

Climax – death of KatClimax – death of Kat Conclusion is heavy irony – Paul dies Conclusion is heavy irony – Paul dies

one month before the end on a day one month before the end on a day that is “All Quiet”that is “All Quiet”

Chapters Eleven, Twelve cont.Chapters Eleven, Twelve cont.

Spring of 1918Spring of 1918 DeteringDetering Berger and the messenger dogBerger and the messenger dog Muller is dead – boots go to Paul – he Muller is dead – boots go to Paul – he

has willed them to Tjadenhas willed them to Tjaden German army doing poorly – German army doing poorly –

supplies, young recruits, wounded supplies, young recruits, wounded men sent back to fightmen sent back to fight

Chapters Eleven, Twelve cont.Chapters Eleven, Twelve cont.

Tanks as weaponsTanks as weapons Leer diesLeer dies Poetry and repetition to describe warPoetry and repetition to describe war Kat’s wound and deathKat’s wound and death

Fall of 1918Fall of 1918 14 days rest due to gas14 days rest due to gas Separate ending to novel – not a chapterSeparate ending to novel – not a chapter

SymbolismSymbolism

Boots – Shared experience of Boots – Shared experience of soldiers; foreshadow deathsoldiers; foreshadow death

Cherry tree – beauty of natural worldCherry tree – beauty of natural world Goose dinner – comradeshipGoose dinner – comradeship Wounded horses – outraged natureWounded horses – outraged nature

Final DiscussionFinal Discussion

How did the point of view change? How did the point of view change? Why?Why?

In what ways are the issues in this In what ways are the issues in this book specific to WWI? War in book specific to WWI? War in general?general?

Title of NovelTitle of Novel What makes this novel a “classic”?What makes this novel a “classic”?