Project Management Chapter 9

Outline

• Intro What is Project Management? Project Manager Project Failures & Successes

• Managing Projects PMBOK SDLC• Core Process 1 – Project Initiation• Core Process 2 - Planning

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Project Management

Organizing and directing other people to achieve a planned result

within a predetermined schedule & budget

IS Development Projects Response to an opportunity Resolve a problem Response to an external directive

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Project Manager

• A systems analyst with a diverse set of skills management leadership technical conflict management customer relationship

• Responsibilities Internal• Schedule, recruit & train • Assign work, Manage risk• Monitor & control project deliverables

External• Communicate with Client, Oversight Committee , Users• Report status & progress• Identify resource needs & obtaining resources

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Project Success vs. Failures

Only 32% IT Projects are completely successful (Standish Group CHAOS Report- 2009)

▪ Reasons for failure▪ Inadequate executive support for the project▪ Inexperienced project managers▪ Undefined project management practices▪ Poor IT management & IT procedures▪ Unclear business needs and project objectives▪ Inadequate user involvement

Project management knowledge & skills are valued & needed to improve this record.

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SDLC Phase: Project Initiation

• Core Process 1: Identify problem/need & obtain approval

SDLC Phase: Project Initiation

Identify the Problem System Vision

Document▪ Problem Description▪ System Capabilities▪ Business Benefits

SDLC Phase: Project Initiation

Quantify approval factors Estimate Time to Completion

Estimate Cost▪ One time vs. Recurring Costs▪ Tangible vs. Intangible Costs

Anticipated Benefits

SDLC Phase: Project Initiation

Perform Risk & Feasibility Study Risk Management Plan▪ Risk, Probability, Impact, and

Plan

Feasibility Study▪ Economic▪ Operational ▪ Organizational/Political▪ Technological ▪ Resource ▪ Schedule

Review w/Client & Obtain Approval Executive committee Organization made aware of

the project & its importance

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SDLC Phase: Planning

• Core Process 2: Plan and Monitor the Project

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SDLC Phase: Planning

Establish the project environment Communication - internal and external; 3Ws+H Work environment – HW, SW, workspace, staff Processes & procedures followed▪ Reporting, Documentation▪ Programming approach, testing, Deliverables▪ Code and version control

Schedule the work Overall Iteration Schedule Detailed Work Schedules▪ List tasks to be completed WBS ▪ Estimate effort and identify dependencies▪ Create a Schedule Gantt Chart▪ Dependencies, Time estimates, Critical Path

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Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)

A hierarchical list of activities of a project Used to create the work

schedule

Not an exhaustive to-do list▪ Specifies "what" not "how"

WBS (in MS Project)

Summary Tasks

Details Tasks▪ Produce a measureable

deliverable▪ Fit "80-hour" rule ▪ no activity > 80 hrs. (2 wks)

▪ Assigned to only 1 person▪ accountability▪ adequate tracking

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Gantt Chart

It shows: Start & end dates Duration Predecessors▪ sequence Resources assignments Critical path Slack

SDLC Phase: Planning

Staff and Allocate Resources ▪ Resource plan ▪ Technical & user staff▪ Form smaller work groups▪ Training, team-building

exercises

Evaluate Work Processes▪ Communication,

relationships ▪ Deadlines▪ Issues, bottlenecks, or

problems ▪ Lessons learned

Monitor progress & make corrections ▪ Issues Tracking Log

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Issues-Tracking Log

Project Management Body of Knowledge

PMBOK Project Scope Management

• Defining, verifying, & controlling scope Agile Project: Scope is not well understood, but needs to be

controlled

Project Time Management

• Scheduling & monitoring milestones Agile Project: Schedule must be flexible due to changes

Project Cost Management

• Calculating cost/benefit analysis• Monitoring expenditures

Agile Project: Costs are more difficult to estimate

Project Quality Management

• Comprehensive plan for ensuring quality• QC for every phase• Characteristics:

• Fit for Intended Purpose, Usability, Robustness, Reliable, Secure, Maintainable

Agile Project: Quality assessed after each iteration

Project Management Body of Knowledge

PMBOKProject Human Resource Management

• Recruiting, hiring, training, motivating, & team building

Project Communications Management

• Identifying all stakeholders• Establishing all communications mechanisms &

schedules

Project Risk Management

• Identifying and reviewing all potential risks• Developing plans to reduce these risks• Risk Management Plan

Project Procurement Management

• Developing RFP, evaluating bids, writing contracts, & monitoring vendor performance

Project Integration Management

• Integrating all the other knowledge areas into one seamless whole