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Transcript of Chapter 8: Recognizing Comparison/Contrast and Cause/Effect Patterns Active Reading Skills, 2/e...
![Page 1: Chapter 8: Recognizing Comparison/Contrast and Cause/Effect Patterns Active Reading Skills, 2/e Kathleen McWhorter Brette McWhorter Sember PowerPoint by.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649ed35503460f94be418b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 8: Recognizing Comparison/Contrast and
Cause/Effect Patterns
Active Reading Skills, 2/eKathleen McWhorter
Brette McWhorter Sember
PowerPoint by Gretchen Starks-Martin
![Page 2: Chapter 8: Recognizing Comparison/Contrast and Cause/Effect Patterns Active Reading Skills, 2/e Kathleen McWhorter Brette McWhorter Sember PowerPoint by.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649ed35503460f94be418b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Comparison/Contrast Patterns
Comparison: Explains how items, people, or events are alike.
Contrast: Explains how items, people, or events are different.
![Page 3: Chapter 8: Recognizing Comparison/Contrast and Cause/Effect Patterns Active Reading Skills, 2/e Kathleen McWhorter Brette McWhorter Sember PowerPoint by.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649ed35503460f94be418b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Compare and Contrast Two Professors
Similarities:
Both require attendance.
Both give essay exams.
Both are fair.
Both have a sense of humor.
Both wear casual clothes.
Differences: Only Miller assigns a term
paper. Only Wright demands class
participation. Wright is married, while
Miller is single. They graduated from
different universities.
Items A and B: Professor Miller and Professor Wright
![Page 4: Chapter 8: Recognizing Comparison/Contrast and Cause/Effect Patterns Active Reading Skills, 2/e Kathleen McWhorter Brette McWhorter Sember PowerPoint by.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649ed35503460f94be418b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Comparison Pattern Map
Item A Item B
Similarity 1
Similarity 2
Similarity 3
![Page 5: Chapter 8: Recognizing Comparison/Contrast and Cause/Effect Patterns Active Reading Skills, 2/e Kathleen McWhorter Brette McWhorter Sember PowerPoint by.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649ed35503460f94be418b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Transitions Used in the Comparison Pattern
alikesamesimilarsimilaritylike
likewisebothjust as eachin common
![Page 6: Chapter 8: Recognizing Comparison/Contrast and Cause/Effect Patterns Active Reading Skills, 2/e Kathleen McWhorter Brette McWhorter Sember PowerPoint by.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649ed35503460f94be418b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Contrast Pattern Map
Item A Item B
Difference 1
Difference 2
![Page 7: Chapter 8: Recognizing Comparison/Contrast and Cause/Effect Patterns Active Reading Skills, 2/e Kathleen McWhorter Brette McWhorter Sember PowerPoint by.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649ed35503460f94be418b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Transitions Used in the Contrast Pattern
unlikedifferentdifferenceon the other handinstead
in contrastdespiteneverthelesshoweverbut
![Page 8: Chapter 8: Recognizing Comparison/Contrast and Cause/Effect Patterns Active Reading Skills, 2/e Kathleen McWhorter Brette McWhorter Sember PowerPoint by.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649ed35503460f94be418b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Using Both Comparison and Contrast
Similarities:
Both require attendance.
Both give essay exams.
Both are fair.
Both have a sense of humor.
Both wear casual clothes.
Differences: Only Miller assigns a term
paper. Only Wright demands class
participation. Wright is married, while
Miller is single. They graduated from
different universities.
Items A and B: Professor Miller and Professor Wright
![Page 9: Chapter 8: Recognizing Comparison/Contrast and Cause/Effect Patterns Active Reading Skills, 2/e Kathleen McWhorter Brette McWhorter Sember PowerPoint by.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649ed35503460f94be418b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Cause/Effect Patterns
Writers use the cause/effect pattern to explain why an
event or action causes another event or action.
![Page 10: Chapter 8: Recognizing Comparison/Contrast and Cause/Effect Patterns Active Reading Skills, 2/e Kathleen McWhorter Brette McWhorter Sember PowerPoint by.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649ed35503460f94be418b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Single Cause/Multiple Effects
Cause
Effect A
Effect B
Effect C
![Page 11: Chapter 8: Recognizing Comparison/Contrast and Cause/Effect Patterns Active Reading Skills, 2/e Kathleen McWhorter Brette McWhorter Sember PowerPoint by.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649ed35503460f94be418b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Single Cause/Multiple Effects
Overexposure to the sun
Burned skin
Wrinkles andage spots
Skin cancer
![Page 12: Chapter 8: Recognizing Comparison/Contrast and Cause/Effect Patterns Active Reading Skills, 2/e Kathleen McWhorter Brette McWhorter Sember PowerPoint by.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649ed35503460f94be418b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Multiple Causes/Single Effect Map
Effect
Cause A
Cause B
Cause C
![Page 13: Chapter 8: Recognizing Comparison/Contrast and Cause/Effect Patterns Active Reading Skills, 2/e Kathleen McWhorter Brette McWhorter Sember PowerPoint by.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649ed35503460f94be418b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Multiple Causes/Single Effect Map
Good Exam Grade
Attend class
Take Notes
Study the text
![Page 14: Chapter 8: Recognizing Comparison/Contrast and Cause/Effect Patterns Active Reading Skills, 2/e Kathleen McWhorter Brette McWhorter Sember PowerPoint by.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649ed35503460f94be418b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Transitions in the Cause/Effect Pattern
cause effectbecause consequently
because of as a result
since one result is
due to therefore
reasons thus
![Page 15: Chapter 8: Recognizing Comparison/Contrast and Cause/Effect Patterns Active Reading Skills, 2/e Kathleen McWhorter Brette McWhorter Sember PowerPoint by.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649ed35503460f94be418b/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Other Useful Thought Patterns
Classification
Statement and Clarification
Summary
Addition
Spatial Order
![Page 16: Chapter 8: Recognizing Comparison/Contrast and Cause/Effect Patterns Active Reading Skills, 2/e Kathleen McWhorter Brette McWhorter Sember PowerPoint by.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649ed35503460f94be418b/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Classification Pattern
Topics are divided into parts and each part is explained.
Transitions: • another, another kind• classified as• include• is composed of• one• types of
![Page 17: Chapter 8: Recognizing Comparison/Contrast and Cause/Effect Patterns Active Reading Skills, 2/e Kathleen McWhorter Brette McWhorter Sember PowerPoint by.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649ed35503460f94be418b/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Statement and Clarification Pattern
Writers make a statement of fact and then clarify or explain that statement.
Transitions:• in fact• in other words• clearly• evidently• obviously
![Page 18: Chapter 8: Recognizing Comparison/Contrast and Cause/Effect Patterns Active Reading Skills, 2/e Kathleen McWhorter Brette McWhorter Sember PowerPoint by.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649ed35503460f94be418b/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Summary Pattern
A summary is a condensed statement that provides the key points of a larger idea or piece of writing.
Transitions: • in summary• in conclusion• in brief• to summarize• to sum up• in short• on the whole
![Page 19: Chapter 8: Recognizing Comparison/Contrast and Cause/Effect Patterns Active Reading Skills, 2/e Kathleen McWhorter Brette McWhorter Sember PowerPoint by.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649ed35503460f94be418b/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Addition Pattern
Writers introduce an idea or make a statement and then supply additional information about that idea or statement.
Transitions:
• furthermore• additionally• also• besides• further• in addition• moreover• again
![Page 20: Chapter 8: Recognizing Comparison/Contrast and Cause/Effect Patterns Active Reading Skills, 2/e Kathleen McWhorter Brette McWhorter Sember PowerPoint by.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649ed35503460f94be418b/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Spatial Order Pattern
Spatial order is concerned with the physical location or position in space. (photography or automotive technology texts as an example)
![Page 21: Chapter 8: Recognizing Comparison/Contrast and Cause/Effect Patterns Active Reading Skills, 2/e Kathleen McWhorter Brette McWhorter Sember PowerPoint by.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649ed35503460f94be418b/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Spatial Order Transitions
Transitions:
• above• below• besides• next to• n front of• behind• inside• outside• opposite• within• nearby
![Page 22: Chapter 8: Recognizing Comparison/Contrast and Cause/Effect Patterns Active Reading Skills, 2/e Kathleen McWhorter Brette McWhorter Sember PowerPoint by.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649ed35503460f94be418b/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Evaluating Your Progress
Use the “Patterns of Organization-New York” module in the Reading Skills section on the MyReadingLab Web site at http://www.ablongman.com/myreadinglab.
![Page 23: Chapter 8: Recognizing Comparison/Contrast and Cause/Effect Patterns Active Reading Skills, 2/e Kathleen McWhorter Brette McWhorter Sember PowerPoint by.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649ed35503460f94be418b/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
For more practice visit the Companion Web site.
http://www.ablongman.com/mcwhorter