Chapter 8 Foot and Ankle. Bones of the Foot and Ankle 28 bones: 28 bones: Tarsals (7) Tarsals (7)...
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Transcript of Chapter 8 Foot and Ankle. Bones of the Foot and Ankle 28 bones: 28 bones: Tarsals (7) Tarsals (7)...
Chapter 8
Foot and Ankle
Bones of the Foot and Ankle
• 28 bones:• Tarsals (7)• Metatarsals (5)• Phalanges (14)• Tibia• Fibula
Calcaneus
Talus
Navicular
Cuboid
3rd Cuneiform
2nd Cuneiform1st
CuneiformMetatarsals
Proximal PhalanxIntermediate
PhalanxDistal PhalanxProximal Phalanx of Great ToeDistal Phalanx of Great Toe
Arches of the Foot
• 4 arches• Longitudinal
• Medial• Lateral
• Metatarsal• Transverse
• Plantar Fascia
Metatarsal Arch
Transverse Arch
Lateral Longitudinal Arch
Medial Longitudinal Arch
Bones of the Ankle and Lateral Ligaments
• Lateral View (Left Ankle)• 4 Bones
• Tibia• Fibula• Talus• Calcaneus
• 3 Main Lateral Ligaments
• ATF• PTF• CF
Medial Ligaments of the Ankle
• Deltoid Ligament (Medial View of Left foot)• 4 strong
ligaments• Post. Tibiotalar
Lig.• Tibiocalcaneal
Lig.• Ant. Tibiotalar
Lig.• Tibionavicular
Lig.
ROM of Foot and Ankle
• Dorsiflexion• Plantar flexion• Inversion• Eversion• Abduction• Adduction• Toe Flexion• Toe Extension• Supination• Pronation
Muscles of the Lower Leg• Tibialis Anterior (In
front of the Tibia)• Origin• Insertion• Action
Tibialis Posterior
• (Behind the Tibia)• Origin• Insertion• Action
Extensor Hallicus Longus
• Hallicus = Big Toe• Origin• Insertion• Action
Extensor Digitorum Longus
• Origin• Insertion• Action
Gastrocnemius and Soleus
• Gastrocnemius • Origin• Insertion• Action
• Soleus• Origin• Insertion• Action
• “Calf Muscle”
Peroneal Muscles
• Peroneus Longus• Origin• Insertion• Action
• Peroneus Brevis• Origin• Insertion• Action
• Peroneus Tertius• Origin• Insertion• Action
Flexor Digitorum Longus
• Origin• Insertion• Action
Flexor Hallicus Longus
• Hallicus = Big Toe
• Origin• Insertion• Action
Plantaris
• Origin• Insertion• Action
Athletic Injuries Involving the Foot, Ankle and Lower
Leg• Turf Toe• Arch Strain• Ankle Sprain• Ankle Dislocation• Achilles Tendon
Strain• Achilles Tendonitis• Achilles Tendon
Rupture• Jones Fracture• Stress Fractures• Lower Leg Fracture
(Tibia/Fibula Malleolus)
• Foot Fracture (Metatarsal/Tarsal)
• Blisters• Shin Splints• Anterior
Compartment Syndrome
• Heel Contusion (Bruise)
• Heel Spur• Muscle Cramps• Plantar Fasciitis• Syndesmotic Sprain• “Hammer” Toe• Pes Cavus/Pes
Plantus
Special Tests
• Tinel’s Sign• Morton’s Test• Percussion Test• Compression Test• Thompson Test
• Homan’s Sign• Anterior Drawer Test• Talar Tilt Test• Kleiger’s Test
For Your Quiz
• You should be able to:• Identify the muscles of the lower leg
from illustrations.• Identify the bones of the foot, ankle,
and lower leg from illustrations and on models.
• Identify the four major ligaments of the ankle joint.
• Group the muscles of the lower leg by their function(s).