Chapter 5 Religious Wars and State

Building

Going from Religious Wars to Freedom

NotesHugenotsCivil Wars

Catherine Medcidi St,Bartholomew's Day Massacre

Revolt of the NetherlandsThirty's Years WarArt- BaroqueQuestions on page 69 1,2,4

Chapter 6A New Order in Science and

PoliticsScientific Revolution TermsCosmology- theory of order of the universeEpistemology- theory of knowledgeHeliocentric- sun centredGeocentric- earth centredCircular Motion- Key People

Galileo, Newton, Bacon, Lock, Descartes

Scientific Revolution

Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543)

heliocentricØ On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres

Galileo Galilei 1564-1642

Scientists

Tyco Brahe (1546-1601) supernova, 1572; comet, 1577

Johannes Kepler (1571-1630'Ø ellipses Ø velocityØ mathematics

Sir Issac NewtonGravity

Sir Francis BaconEmpiricismInductionLearned through trial

and error.Did a lot of medical

research on the human body

John LockeEssay Concerning

Human UnderstandingTabula Rasa- Blank

SlateIdea of Progress is in

our Own Hands

Rene DescartesDiscourse On Method

“I think therefore I am”Rationalism

Politics- AbsolutismKey Terms

Absolutism-a political philosophy based on the concept that the monarch in any sovereightny has absolute power and that the state should be centralized under this authority

Classicism- was an expression of admiration for the achievements of the Ancient Greeks and Romans

Centralized authority -the idea that the state should be governed from the centre and that local areas and individuals that have no power

Louis the XIV (14th)Known as the Sun

KingExpansion of military

serviceChange in social

system

AbsolutismEconomyUnder advisory Jean

Baptiste Colbert tax system was changed.

Modern policy of work projects( canals and roads)

Increase exports, decrease imports

Social SystemFuedal system was

superseded by one authority.

War of Spanish SuccessionFought under the idea that the crowns of France

and Spain should be unitedTreaty of Utrecht 1713 stated that France and

Spain would never be unitedAlso England gained the colonies of Acadia and

NFLD from France, and Gibraltar and Minorca from Spain as well as the slave trading rights of Spanish America. France was still a strong power in Europe.

ConstitutionalismState in which authority is disturbed legally among

a number of institutions and levels.

This differs from absolutism as there are many levels of government.

England and the PuritansCharles I- try to rule by personal rule and avoid

the parliaments, religious issues- favouring Catholics and trying to

strongarm churchesHe was executed by decisions of the parliaments

in 1649.England was without a monarch for 11 years until

a new set of rules was devised and Charles II took the thrown in 1690

Thomas HobbesWrote the LeviathanBelieved the

sovereign should have absolute authority.

Did not have a good opinion of human nature

Believed all people were equal under the law

England and Constitutional Monarchy

Parlimanet passed the Test Act in 1673 that said only those who practiced the state religion could hold civil and miliatry offices

Two political parties- Tories ( king supporters) and Whigs- (parliament authority)

Glorious Revolution

LockeWrote the Two Treatises of Government in 1690Natural Rights- the idea that all individuals have rights,

such as the right to life, freedom of speech and freedom of religion that cannot be taken away by the state or any other sovereignty.

Believed in the need for different levels of the government to prevent too much power being taken by one person.

Believed the idea of property to be very important so only men in England that had property were allowed full political rights although all were equal under the law.