Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is...
-
Upload
simon-joseph -
Category
Documents
-
view
222 -
download
0
Transcript of Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is...
![Page 1: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 5
Introduction to PLC Operation
![Page 2: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Objectives
• Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs.
• Describe how computer and PLC data are represented.
• Examine PLC memory and how it is used.• Explain how data gets into a PLC.• Identify what addresses are and how they are
used in PLCs.
![Page 3: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The PLC Is a Digital Computer
• The PLC is a computer similar to a desktop or notebook computer.
• A PLC is an industrially hardened computer.
![Page 4: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
PLC Block Diagram
![Page 5: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Binary Concept
• Binary is based on two states on or off.
• Two-state devices are described as either discrete or digital devices.– Discrete or digital devices are simply either on
or off.
![Page 6: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Common Industrial Hardware Representing the Binary Concept
![Page 7: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Binary Data Representation
• We communicate to others using groups of letters arranged into words.
• The PLC uses groups of bits called words.
• Different bit patterns represent different information.
![Page 8: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Bits
• Unlike English, computers have only two characters available 1 or 0.
• Each 1 or 0 is called a binary digit or bit.
• Binary is base or radix 2.
• A single bit is the smallest unit of computer data.
![Page 9: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
PLC Words
• One measure of a computer’s capabilities is the length of the data words on which it can operate.
• Current PLCs use 16-bit words.
• Newer PLCs use 32-bit words.
• SLC 500 family PLCs are 16-bit computers.
![Page 10: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Information Represented as Combinations of Bits
![Page 11: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Parts of a 16-Bit Word
![Page 12: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Bytes, Nibbles, and Bits
![Page 13: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
16-Point Module’s I/O Points Represented in a Word
![Page 14: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Physical Input Conditions and the Corresponding Input Data Word
![Page 15: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
8-Point Input Module Represented in a Word
![Page 16: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
24-Point I/O Module Represented in Two Words
![Page 17: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Two Words Representing Inputs for a 32-Bit Module
![Page 18: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Data Table Format
• Words are 16 bits.– Bits 0 through bit 15
• First word or bit is always 0.
• SLC 500 data tables can contain up to 256 words (0 to 255).
![Page 19: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Words Arranged in a Data Table
![Page 20: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Input Data File (1 of 2)
• Each input screw terminal has one memory location to store on or off status.
• Input data is stored in the input data file. – Also called the input status file
• Input status file holds input status information, which is used to solve ladder program.
![Page 21: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Input Data File (2 of 2)
• Identified as an I-type data file
• Only one input status file allowed per project
• Only has words created for actual modules in system
![Page 22: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Output Data File (1 of 3)
• Each output screw terminal has one memory location to store on or off status.
• Output data is stored in the output data file, also called the output status file.
![Page 23: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Output Data File (2 of 3)
• Output status file holds output status information to update outputs
• The result of solving the ladder program
• Output data sent to modules during output update portion of scan
![Page 24: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Output Data File (3 of 3)
• Identified as an O-type data file
• Only one output status file allowed per project
• Only has words created for actual modules in system
![Page 25: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Output Status File Correlation To Module
![Page 26: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Modular PLC and Output and Input Status Tables
![Page 27: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Fixed PLC and Output and Input Status Table
Image courtesy of Allen-Bradley, a Rockwell Automation business
![Page 28: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Fixed I/O PLC Interaction With Input Status File
![Page 29: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
I/O Address Structure
![Page 30: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
I/O Address Format for SLC 500 Family of PLCs
![Page 31: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
RSLogix 500 Software Input Status Table Screen View
![Page 32: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
RSLogix 500 Software Output Status Table Screen View
![Page 33: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
PLC Data Formats
• Two 8-bit unsigned bytes of data
• 16-bit unsigned integer
• 16-bit signed integer
• Binary coded decimal
• Hexadecimal
![Page 34: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Two 8-bit Unsigned Bytes of Data
![Page 35: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
16-bit Unsigned Integer
![Page 36: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
16-bit Signed Integer
![Page 37: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Binary Coded Decimal
![Page 38: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Hexadecimal
![Page 39: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
PLC Memory Categories
• PLC memory is divided into two categories.– System memory– Application memory
![Page 40: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
System Memory
• Differentiates a PLC from another type of computer device
• Gives PLC its personality
• Programmed into PLC at factory
• Also called its operating system
![Page 41: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
SLC 500 Operating System
• SLC 5/03, 5/04, and 5/05 processors have field-upgradeable operating systems.– Add new features– Add new instructions– Fix problems
![Page 42: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Application Memory
• Stores user program
• Stores data associated with user program– Input status file– Output status file– Timers and counters– Numerical data such as recipes– Results of math operations
![Page 43: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Ladder Files
• Ladder files contain ladder programs.
• Ladder file 2 must be main ladder program.
• Ladder files 3 through 255 are subroutines.
![Page 44: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
SLC 500 Data Files
• Output status
• Input status
• Processor status
• Binary or bits
• Timers
• Counters
• Integer
• Floating point
• User-defined
![Page 45: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Default Data Files
• Data files O through 8 are created by the processor with new project.
• Floating point file is available on SLC 500 modular processors 5/03, 5/04, and 5/05.
• 5/03 processor must have operating system OS 301 and above.
![Page 46: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Data File Identification (1 of 2)
• O: Output Status File
• I: Input Status File
• S: Processor Status File
• Cannot create additional O, I, or S data files
![Page 47: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Data File Identification (2 of 2)
• B3 Binary or bit file
• T4 Timers
• C5 Counters
• R6 Control
• N7 Integer
• F8 Floating point
![Page 48: Chapter 5 Introduction to PLC Operation. Objectives Explain what binary information is and how it is used in PLCs. Describe how computer and PLC data.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c0151a28abf838cce05d/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
User Configurable Files
• Data files greater than file 8 up to file 255 can be created by the user.
• These are user-defined files.
• B, T, C, N, F file types
• Each file can contain up to 255 elements with adequate processor memory.