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HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

Chapter 4 Job Analysis and Design

Job analysis - Systematic process of determining skills, duties, and knowledge required for performing jobs in organization

Job - Consists of group of tasks that must be performed for organization to achieve its goals

Position - Collection of tasks and responsibilities performed by one person; there is a position for every individual in organization

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A work group consisting of a supervisor, two senior clerks, and four word processing operators has 3 jobs and 7 positions.

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Tasks Responsibilities Duties

Job

Analysis

Job

Descriptions

Job

Specifications

Knowledge Skills Abilities

Staffing

Training and

Development

Performance Appraisal

Compensation

Safety and Health

Employee and Labor

Relations

Legal Considerations

Staffing - Haphazard if recruiter does not know qualifications needed for job

Training and Development - If specification lists particular knowledge, skill, or ability, and person filling position does not possess all necessary qualifications, training and/or development is needed

Performance Appraisal - Employees should be evaluated in terms of how well they accomplish duties specified in their job descriptions and any other specific goals that may have been established

Compensation - Value of job must be known before dollar value can be placed on it

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Safety and Health - Helps identify safety and health considerations

Employee and Labor Relations - Leads to more objective human resource decisions

Legal Considerations - Having done job analysis important for supporting legality of employment practices

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Questionnaires Observation Interviews Employee recording Combination of

methods

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Document that states tasks, duties, and responsibilities of job

Vitally important job descriptions are both relevant and accurate

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Job Identification - Job title, department, reporting relationship, and job number or code

Job Analysis Date - Aids in identifying job changes that would make description obsolete

Job Summary - Concise overview of job Duties Performed - Major duties

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Comprehensive government-developed database of worker attributes and job characteristics

Primary source of occupational information Replaces Dictionary of Occupational Titles

(DOT)

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Job Specification - Minimum qualifications person should possess to perform particular job Should reflect minimum, not ideal qualifications for

particular job

Job specifications are often included as major section of job descriptions (contains educational qualifications, related experience, technical skills, and soft skills)

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Rapid pace of technological change makes need for accurate job analysis even more important now and in the future.

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