Chapter 4: Classical Conditioning: Basic Phenomena and Various Complexities Basic Terms Two...
-
Upload
jordan-lamb -
Category
Documents
-
view
219 -
download
1
Transcript of Chapter 4: Classical Conditioning: Basic Phenomena and Various Complexities Basic Terms Two...
Chapter 4:Classical Conditioning:Basic Phenomena and Various Complexities
Basic Terms Two Extensions Three Limitations Additional Phenomena
Acquisition Formation of a learned response to a
conditioned stimulus through pairing with an unconditioned stimulus
Extinction Elimination or weakening of a learned,
conditioned response by removal of the unconditioned stimulus when the conditioned stimulus is present
Figure 4.2 (p. 131)Hypothetical results illustrating a decline in spontaneous recoveryacross repeated sessions of extinction.
Basic Phenomena
disinhibition the sudden recovery of a
response during an extinction procedure when a novel stimulus is introduced.
Basic Phenomena
Generalization & Discrimination
Generalization The tendency to respond to a
stimulus that is similar to the conditioned stimulus
Generalization & Discrimination
Discrimination The ability to distinguish between
different stimuli, tendency for a response to be elicited by one stimulus and not another (sometimes similar) stimulus
Albert conditioned to fear a white laboratory rat Each time he reached for the
rat, Watson made a loud clanging noise right behind Albert
Albert’s fear generalized to anything white and furry Including rabbits and Santa
Claus
Watson & Little Albert
Experimental Neurosis
• an experimentally produced disorder in which animals exposed to unpredictable events develop neurotic-like symptoms.
Extensions to Classical Conditioning
Higher-Order Conditioning A stimulus associated with one CS
can also become a CS First-order conditioning Second-order conditioning
Extensions to Classical Conditioning
Sensory Preconditioning A stimulus associated with one CS
can also become a CS First-order conditioning Second-order conditioning