Chapter 24 Lecture Two of Two ©2012 Pearson Education Inc.

Chapter 24Lecture Two of Two

©2012 Pearson Education Inc.

LEGENDS OF THE ROMAN MONARCHY

Etruscan Dynasty / Wicked Tullia



• Servius Tullius (the slave’s son) becomes king of Rome– Signs of destiny when flames danced around his

head• His daughters, two Tullias

– Both married to sons of the previous king, Tarquin the Elder

• One Tullia has an affair with Tarquin the Proud, her brother-in-law



• Tarquin the Proud kills his own wife, the other Tullia and kills the husband of his lover Tullia.

• They overthrow and murder the elderly Servius Tullius


LEGENDS OF THE ROMAN MONARCHY

Lucretia and the End of Monarchy



• Lucretia is the virtuous wife of Tarquin Collatinus

• Sextus Tarquin, a son of Tarquin Superbus, rapes her

• Lucretia denounces Tarquin; kills herself out of shame in front of her father, husband, and others– Also there is Lucius Junius Brutus



• Brutus reveals that he is not “stupid” and rallies the people to overthrow and end monarchies in Rome

• The Republic is established (traditionally date to 510 BC)


PERSPECTIVE 24.2The Lucretia of Rembrandt and Shakespeare


Rembrandt and ShakespeareFig. 24.2


National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC; © 1996 Board of Trustees

OBSERVATIONSThe Etruscans


The Etruscans

• Rome has deep cultural roots in the Etruscans– City plan, cult places, and institutions– Tarquin built the first Temple to Jupiter on the Capitoline

Hill.– Much of what the Roman inherit from Greece came

through the Etruscans

• Religious practices– fulguriator, haruspex, hecatoscopy

• Perhaps the gladiatorial games came from the Etruscans


HEROES OF THE EARLY REPUBLICBrutus and his Sons


Brutus and his Sons

• “He who kisses his mother first . . .”• Allowed his own sons to be killed for treason• Died in battle for Rome


HEROES OF THE EARLY REPUBLICHoratius at the Bridge


Horatius at the Bridge

• Lars Porsenna• Horatius Coclas defended the bridge until the

last


HEROES OF THE EARLY REPUBLICMucius Scaevola


Mucius Scaevola

• Thrust his hand into the fire, proving his courage to die for Rome

• Porsenna withdrew• Scaevola (“lefty”)


HEROES OF THE EARLY REPUBLICOther Patriotic Heroes


Other Patriotic Heroes

• Coriolanus– But later fell out of favor because of his contempt

of common men– Brings a foreign army (Volscians) against Rome,

but the pleas of his wife persuaded him to withdraw


Other Patriotic Heroes

• Cincinnatus• Accepted the imperium only long enough to

avert the crisis, but then set it down and returned to his plow


MYTH AND PUBLIC DISPLAY AT ROME


Myth and Public Display at Rome

• The Triumph• Rome: “He (Augustus) found it in brick, but

left it in marble.”– The Great Forum– Campus Martius– Horologium Augusti


OBSERVATIONSAn Imaginary Past Preserves the Present


Past Preserves the Present

• Roman government remarkably stable while the world around it changed

• Rule was violent, but it provided stability and security

• Its understanding of the moral nature of its history provided its tenacity: the selfless devotion of its founders and equality

• Even the emperor was referred to only as princeps


End


Chapter 24 Lecture Two of Two ©2012 Pearson Education Inc.

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