Chapter 21: Protists and Fungi Section 21-4: Fungi.
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Transcript of Chapter 21: Protists and Fungi Section 21-4: Fungi.
![Page 1: Chapter 21: Protists and Fungi Section 21-4: Fungi.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061616/56649f175503460f94c2d682/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 21: Protists and
FungiSection 21-4: Fungi
![Page 2: Chapter 21: Protists and Fungi Section 21-4: Fungi.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061616/56649f175503460f94c2d682/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What are Fungi?O Heterotrophs – produce enzymes
that digest food outside their bodies, then absorb the nutrients
O Most feed on decaying material in the soil, some are parasitic
O Cells walls made of chitin – also found in exoskeletons of insects
O More closely related to animals than plants
![Page 3: Chapter 21: Protists and Fungi Section 21-4: Fungi.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061616/56649f175503460f94c2d682/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Structure and FunctionO Yeasts are the only unicellular fungiO Mushrooms and other fungi are
larger, with bodies made up of cells forming long, slender branching filaments called hyphae
![Page 4: Chapter 21: Protists and Fungi Section 21-4: Fungi.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061616/56649f175503460f94c2d682/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Structure and FunctionO Cross walls divide the hyphae into
compartments, each containing 1 or 2 nuclei
O Openings in cross walls allow cytoplasm and organelles to move
O Body of mushroom called fruiting body – reproductive structure of a fungusO Grows from mycelium – mass of branching
hyphae below soilO Clusters of mushrooms can have same
mycelium
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![Page 6: Chapter 21: Protists and Fungi Section 21-4: Fungi.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061616/56649f175503460f94c2d682/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
ReproductionO Reproduce asexually, primarily by
releasing spores adapted to travel through air or water
O Breaking off hypha or budding also
![Page 7: Chapter 21: Protists and Fungi Section 21-4: Fungi.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061616/56649f175503460f94c2d682/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
ReproductionO Most reproduce sexually - life cycle
of the bread mold Rhizopus stolonifer
![Page 8: Chapter 21: Protists and Fungi Section 21-4: Fungi.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061616/56649f175503460f94c2d682/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Sexual ReproductionO 2 mating types - + and 1O Genetic and fossil evidence shows
eukaryotes evolved from prokaryotes, more closely related to Archae than Bacteria
O Split may have come as early as 2.5 byaO Protist group now includes as many as
300,000 speciesO Most remained unicellular – except
those leading to plants, animals, and fungi