Chapter 2 – Operational Amplifiers Introduction Textbook CD...
-
date post
21-Dec-2015 -
Category
Documents
-
view
220 -
download
1
Transcript of Chapter 2 – Operational Amplifiers Introduction Textbook CD...
![Page 1: Chapter 2 – Operational Amplifiers Introduction Textbook CD 7Esvoboda/eta/designLab/InvertingAmplifierDesign.html.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d6a5503460f94a48c1f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 2 – Operational Amplifiers
Introduction
http://engr.calvin.edu/PRibeiro_WEBPAGE/courses/engr311/Handouts/OpAmp-tutorial-1.ppt
Textbook CD
http://www.clarkson.edu/%7Esvoboda/eta/designLab/InvertingAmplifierDesign.html
![Page 2: Chapter 2 – Operational Amplifiers Introduction Textbook CD 7Esvoboda/eta/designLab/InvertingAmplifierDesign.html.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d6a5503460f94a48c1f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The OP-AMP Terminals
Symbol
Power Supplies
![Page 3: Chapter 2 – Operational Amplifiers Introduction Textbook CD 7Esvoboda/eta/designLab/InvertingAmplifierDesign.html.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d6a5503460f94a48c1f/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Fairchild uA702 – The first op-amp designed by Bob Widlar
![Page 4: Chapter 2 – Operational Amplifiers Introduction Textbook CD 7Esvoboda/eta/designLab/InvertingAmplifierDesign.html.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d6a5503460f94a48c1f/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The OP-AMP Terminals
![Page 5: Chapter 2 – Operational Amplifiers Introduction Textbook CD 7Esvoboda/eta/designLab/InvertingAmplifierDesign.html.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d6a5503460f94a48c1f/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The OP-AMP Terminals
![Page 6: Chapter 2 – Operational Amplifiers Introduction Textbook CD 7Esvoboda/eta/designLab/InvertingAmplifierDesign.html.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d6a5503460f94a48c1f/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The Ideal OP-AMP
-V-VSS
vvidid
InvertingInverting
NoninvertingNoninverting
OutputOutput
++
__ii(-)(-)
ii(+)(+)
vvOO = A = Addvvidid
RROO
AARRii
Open-loop gain
Exercise 2.2
![Page 7: Chapter 2 – Operational Amplifiers Introduction Textbook CD 7Esvoboda/eta/designLab/InvertingAmplifierDesign.html.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d6a5503460f94a48c1f/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Analysis of Circuits Containing Ideal OP-AMPS
The Inverting Configuration
The inverting closed-loop configuration.
Closed-Loop Gain
Virtual Short-Circuit
Virtual Ground
Negative and Positive Feedback
![Page 8: Chapter 2 – Operational Amplifiers Introduction Textbook CD 7Esvoboda/eta/designLab/InvertingAmplifierDesign.html.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d6a5503460f94a48c1f/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Analysis of Circuits Containing Ideal OP-AMPS
The Closed-Loop Gain
Analysis of the inverting configuration
-
![Page 9: Chapter 2 – Operational Amplifiers Introduction Textbook CD 7Esvoboda/eta/designLab/InvertingAmplifierDesign.html.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d6a5503460f94a48c1f/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Analysis of Circuits Containing Ideal OP-AMPS
Effect of Finite Open-Loop Gain
i1
vI
vo
A
R1
vI
vo
A
R1
vo
vo
Ai1 R2
vo
A
vI
vo
A
R1
R2
Gvo
vI
R2
R1
1
1R2
R1
A
![Page 10: Chapter 2 – Operational Amplifiers Introduction Textbook CD 7Esvoboda/eta/designLab/InvertingAmplifierDesign.html.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d6a5503460f94a48c1f/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Analysis of Circuits Containing Ideal OP-AMPS
Exercise 2.1
![Page 11: Chapter 2 – Operational Amplifiers Introduction Textbook CD 7Esvoboda/eta/designLab/InvertingAmplifierDesign.html.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d6a5503460f94a48c1f/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Analysis of Circuits Containing Ideal OP-AMPS
Input and Output Resistances
Ri
vI
iI
vI
vI
R1
R1
Ro 0
![Page 12: Chapter 2 – Operational Amplifiers Introduction Textbook CD 7Esvoboda/eta/designLab/InvertingAmplifierDesign.html.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d6a5503460f94a48c1f/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Analysis of Circuits Containing Ideal OP-AMPS
Exercise 2.2
![Page 13: Chapter 2 – Operational Amplifiers Introduction Textbook CD 7Esvoboda/eta/designLab/InvertingAmplifierDesign.html.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d6a5503460f94a48c1f/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Other Applications of the Inverting Configuration
With General Impedances
R2
+
R1
vo
is
v s
Z1
Z2
![Page 14: Chapter 2 – Operational Amplifiers Introduction Textbook CD 7Esvoboda/eta/designLab/InvertingAmplifierDesign.html.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d6a5503460f94a48c1f/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Other Applications of the Inverting Configuration
The Integrator
+ vo
ic
i -
R
vs
is
C vo t( )1
C R0
t
tvI t( )
d
Vo
VI
1s C R
![Page 15: Chapter 2 – Operational Amplifiers Introduction Textbook CD 7Esvoboda/eta/designLab/InvertingAmplifierDesign.html.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d6a5503460f94a48c1f/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Other Applications of the Inverting Configuration
PSpice Simulation Tips
![Page 16: Chapter 2 – Operational Amplifiers Introduction Textbook CD 7Esvoboda/eta/designLab/InvertingAmplifierDesign.html.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d6a5503460f94a48c1f/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Other Applications of the Inverting Configuration
The Differentiator
R2
+
R1
vo
is
v s
Z1 = 1/sC
Z2 = R
![Page 17: Chapter 2 – Operational Amplifiers Introduction Textbook CD 7Esvoboda/eta/designLab/InvertingAmplifierDesign.html.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d6a5503460f94a48c1f/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Other Applications of the Inverting Configuration
The Weighted Summer
![Page 18: Chapter 2 – Operational Amplifiers Introduction Textbook CD 7Esvoboda/eta/designLab/InvertingAmplifierDesign.html.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d6a5503460f94a48c1f/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Other Applications of the Inverting Configuration
The Non-Inverting Configuration
vi
v2 v1vo
AA infinite
vo vI
vI
R1R2
vo
vI1
R2
R1
![Page 19: Chapter 2 – Operational Amplifiers Introduction Textbook CD 7Esvoboda/eta/designLab/InvertingAmplifierDesign.html.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d6a5503460f94a48c1f/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Other Applications of the Inverting Configuration
The Voltage Follower
![Page 20: Chapter 2 – Operational Amplifiers Introduction Textbook CD 7Esvoboda/eta/designLab/InvertingAmplifierDesign.html.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d6a5503460f94a48c1f/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
A difference amplifier.
Other Applications of the Inverting Configuration
The Difference Amplifier
![Page 21: Chapter 2 – Operational Amplifiers Introduction Textbook CD 7Esvoboda/eta/designLab/InvertingAmplifierDesign.html.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d6a5503460f94a48c1f/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Applications of superposition to the analysis of the current circuit of Fig.. 2.21.
Other Applications of the Inverting Configuration
The Difference Amplifier
![Page 22: Chapter 2 – Operational Amplifiers Introduction Textbook CD 7Esvoboda/eta/designLab/InvertingAmplifierDesign.html.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d6a5503460f94a48c1f/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Finding the input resistance of the difference amplifier.
Other Applications of the Inverting Configuration
The Difference Amplifier – Input Resistances
![Page 23: Chapter 2 – Operational Amplifiers Introduction Textbook CD 7Esvoboda/eta/designLab/InvertingAmplifierDesign.html.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d6a5503460f94a48c1f/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Representation of the common-mode and differential components of the input signal to a difference amplifier. Note that v1 = vCM -
vd/2 and v2 = vCM + vd/2.
Other Applications of the Inverting Configuration
The Difference Amplifier – Common-Mode and DifferentialComponents of the input signal
![Page 24: Chapter 2 – Operational Amplifiers Introduction Textbook CD 7Esvoboda/eta/designLab/InvertingAmplifierDesign.html.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d6a5503460f94a48c1f/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
(a) A popular circuit for an instrumentation amplifier. (b) Analysis of the circuit in (a) assuming ideal op-amps. (c) To make the gain variable, R1 is implemented as the series combination of a fixed resister R1f and a variable resistor R1v. Resistor R1f ensures that the
maximum available gain is limited.
Other Applications of the Inverting Configuration
Instrumentation Amplifier
![Page 25: Chapter 2 – Operational Amplifiers Introduction Textbook CD 7Esvoboda/eta/designLab/InvertingAmplifierDesign.html.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d6a5503460f94a48c1f/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Open-loop gain of a typical general-purpose internally compensated op amp.
Effect Of Finite Open-Loop Gain and Bandwidth On Circuit Performance
fb = 3-db or break frequencyft = unity gain bandwidth
![Page 26: Chapter 2 – Operational Amplifiers Introduction Textbook CD 7Esvoboda/eta/designLab/InvertingAmplifierDesign.html.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d6a5503460f94a48c1f/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
(a) Unity-gain follower. (b) Input step waveform. (c) Linearly rising output waveform obtained when the amplifier is slew-rate limited. (d) Exponentially rising output waveform obtained when V is sufficiently small so that the initial slope (wtV) is smaller then
or equal to SR.
![Page 27: Chapter 2 – Operational Amplifiers Introduction Textbook CD 7Esvoboda/eta/designLab/InvertingAmplifierDesign.html.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d6a5503460f94a48c1f/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Effect of slew-rate limiting on output sinusoidal waveforms.