Operational Amplifiers. Chapter 14. Operational Amplifiers.
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Transcript of Operational Amplifiers. Chapter 14. Operational Amplifiers.
Operational Amplifiers
Chapter 14 . Operational Amplifiers
Operational Amplifiers
• Integrated circuit, also known as op amp .• Wide range of applications . Ideal operational amplifier :
- inverting and non-inverting input terminals .
- common mode signal & differential mode signal
- infinite input impedances
- zero output impedance
- very large open –loop gain .
14.2 Inverting amplifiers
Example 14.1 : Analysis of an inverting amplifier
Exercise 14-17
Exercise 14-18
Differentiator Circuit
Active Filters
• Produce bandpass and bandreject filters without using inductors .
• Inductors are usually large, heavy , costly and generate electromagnetic field .
• Fewer components• Transfer function is insentitive to component tolerances .• Allow a wide range of transfer functions .• Inappropriate for monolithic fabrication .
Fig. 12.1.2 Filter Types . Fig. 12.2 Ideal transmission characteristics of the four major filter types : (a)
low pass (LP), (b) high pass (HP), (c ) bandpass (BP) and (d) bandstop (BS) .
Low –pass filter
Bode PlotsExample 1
Bode PlotsExample 2