Cold War

Chapter 18 section 4Cold War1949Soviet Union exploded their first atomic bombAir-raidDuring Eisenhower's timeArms race began during Truman's timeH-BombDwight D. EisenhowerPresidentJohn Foster DullesVice PresidentHydrogen bomb67 times the power of the atomic bombThe force of 1 million tons of TNTU.S vs. Soviet UnionDeadly race to see which side could produce the first H-BombNovember 1952U.S Exploded the first H-Bomb

DullesSaid that the Cold War was a moral crusade against Communism Promised to prevent the spread of communism by using all its forceNuclear WeaponsAgainst any aggressor nation

BrinkmanshipThe edge of an all-out-warU.S trimmed its army and navyExpanded their air forceBuildup of nuclear weapons

Air RaidsSchool childrenPracticed the air raids in schoolFallout sheltersWere built in peoples backyard

CIACentral Intelligence AgencyCarried out covert or secret operations to weaken or overthrow governments unfriendly to the United StatesWould use spies to gain information abroad

Warsaw PactJoseph Stalin dies in 1953Soviet Union recognizes West GermanyConcluded peace treaties with Austria and Japan1955Soviet Union will form their own military allianceWarsaw PactLinked the Soviet Union to several Eastern European countries

1955Soviet Union and the United States set up a meetingGeneva, SwitzerlandOpen skies proposalEisenhowerThe United States and Soviet Union would allow flights over each others territory to guard against surprise nuclear attacksSteps toward peace

Eisenhower DoctrineJanuary 1957A warningStated that the United States would defend the Middle East against an attack by any communist country

HungaryDominated by the Soviet Union Since WWIIHungarian people rose in revoltWanted a democratic governmentUnited States did nothing to help free the people

When Stalin died there was no clear leader to succeed himOne man did gain power as time went onNikita KhrushchevLike Stalin, he believed that communism would take over the world

KhrushchevThought Communism could triumph peacefullyFavored a policy of peaceful coexistenceTwo superpowers would compete economically and scientifically

Space RaceA competition for international prestigeSoviets leaped aheadOctober 1957 Sputnik was launchedFirst artificial satelliteAmericans first attempt was a huge failureJanuary 1958 launched their first successful satellite

U-2 Incident1960First dronesFlying over the Soviet Union and collecting pictures showing positions of troops and any movement within the countryFrancis Gray Powers

Francis Gray PowersU-2 pilotFlew the last flightShot down Tensions emergedU.S had to confess to the dronesSentenced to 10 years in prison