Chapter 13 Section 4

Key TermsAlfred the GreatWilliam the

ConquerorDomesday BookEleanor of AquitaineMagna Carta

ParliamentHugh CapetOtto the GreatReconquista

England Absorbs Waves of Invaders• 800’s invaded by the

Vikings• Special prayer “God,

deliver us from the fury of the Northmen”

• Alfred the Great turns them back

• United under one rule• England the land of

angels

England Absorbs Wave of Invaders• 1016 Danish King

Canute conquered England

• Molded Anglo Saxons into Viking people

• 1042 Alfred the Confessor took the throne

• 1066 died without an heir

Norman ConquestWilliam Duke of

Normandy (William the Conqueror)

Norman- descendant of Vikings spoke French

Invaded England and claimed the crown

Fought the Battle of Hastings

Norman Conquest• Harold Godwinson

was rival to William• Battle of Hastings

1066• Harold shot in eye by

an arrow• William claims 1/5 of

England for himself• Lords who supported

him received land grants

• Unified the country

The English in France• English wanted two

goals– Hold and add to

French lands– Strengthen own

power over church and nobles

• William’s ancestors owned land in France and England

• Henry II added to land by marrying Eleanor of Aquitaine (French)

England’s Evolving GovernmentHenry now had a

large territory in France

Inherited William the Conquerors land

Also a vassal to a French King

Magna CartaJohn became king

Not a good military leader

Lost lands in FranceCruel to his subjectsHighest taxes Threatened to

revoke charters

Magna CartaNobles revolt in 1215John forced to sign

Magna CartaDrawn up by noblesCertain political

rightsSafeguarded feudal

rightsLimit the king’s

power

Magna CartaCitizens argued it

applied to all classesNo taxation without

representationJury trialProtection of the

lawBasic legal rights

now in England and the United States

Model ParliamentEdward I needed to

raise taxes for a war with France

Two burgesses from every borough, two nights from every county, to serve on Parliament

Legislative body of lords and commoners

The Model Parliament1300-1400 they were

called when King wanted a new tax

Two groups formedHouse of CommonsHouse of Lords

Parliament helped to weaken the great lords

In time Parliament became strong

Capetian Dynasty Rules FranceCounts and dukes

ruled land independently

France had 47 feudal territories

Hugh Capet-Capetian Dynasty that ruled from 987-1328

France Becomes a Separate KingdomPower of King

spread from ParisRoyal power would

unite France1300 the Capetians

ruled all of modern France

Phillip II Expands PowerOne of the most

powerful CapetiansWatched father lose

land to Henry IIBecame king at 15Phillip had little

success against Henry II or Richard the Lionhearted

John becomes king

Philip II Expands His PowerPhillip gets the

name AugustusGreatly increase

France’s territorySeized Normandy

from King John in 1204

Phillip had tripled his lands

Holy Roman Empire936 Otto the GreatUnited German landsNobles challenge the

PopeOtto helps and in

named emperorBecame know as the

Holy Roman Empire1100’s Emperor

became elected and not inherited

Spain and PortugalShare Iberian

peninsulaConquered in the

early 700’s by Moors1000’s Christians

fight the MoorsReconquista- re-

conquest by Christians in Spain

1085 King Castile captures Toledo

Spain and PortugalAragon and Portugal join

in the fight1100’s Moors completely

out of Portugal1236 Cordoba is

captured1492 Granada falls to

Ferdinand and Isabel's army

Royal marriage of Aragon and Castille made a powerful county