Chapter 11 Lesson 2 The Outer Planets p390-396 page 3VocabularyGalilean moons (393) The four largest moons of Jupiter Io, Europa, Ganymede, and

Callisto which were first discovered by Galileo Galilei in 1610

The Gas GiantsThe outer planets are called the ___________________________ because they are primarily made of hydrogen and helium.They have strong gravitational forces due to their large masses.The strong gravity creates tremendous atmospheric pressure that changes gases to_______________________.Most these planets have thick gas and liquid interiors covering a small, ____________ core

JupiterLargest planet____________times the diameter of EarthTwice the mass of all the other planets combined___________________faster than any other planetLike all outer planets, it has a ring system

Jupiters Atmosphere90%____________________, 10% helium1000km deepDense, colorful clouds

Because Jupiter rotates so quickly, the clouds stretch into __________________The Great Red Spot is a ___________________of swirling gases

Jupiters Structure80% hydrogen, 20% heliumThick solid ___________________1000km past the outer edge of the cloud layer, the pressure is so great ________________________ gas changes to liquidScientists do not know what the core is made ofThey suspect it is rock and _________________

The Moons of JupiterJupiter has at least _______________ moonsThe 4 largest were discovered by Galileo in 1610We call these ________________________ MoonsIo, Europa, Ganymede, and CallistoAll made of rock and iceCollisions between Jupiters moons and meteorites likely resulted in Jupiters _______________________

Saturn6th planetHas horizontal bands of clouds90% hydrogen, 10% heliumLeast ___________________ planetIts density is less than that of _______________

Saturns StructureSimilar to JupiterAn outer gas layer, a thick layer of ____________________ hydrogen, and a solid coreRing system is the __________________________ and most complex_________ bands of rings, each containing thousands of narrower ringletsMain ring system is over 70,000km wide and less than 30m thick

Saturns MoonsAt least _____________moons5 largest Titan, Rhea, Bdione, Iapetus, and TethysMost of Saturns moons are chucks of _____________ less than 10km in diameterTitan is larger than MercuryIt is the only moon in the solar system with a dense _____________________In 2005 the Huygen probe landed on Titan

Uranus7th planetNarrow, dark ________________Deep atmosphere composed mostly of _________________and helium and some methane.The ____________________ gas gives it a bluish colorBeneath the atmosphere is a thick, ______________ layer of water, ammonia, and other materialsBelow that is a solid, rocky core

Uranuss Axis and MoonsUranus has a __________________ axis of rotationMaybe caused by a collision with an Earth-sized objectAt least __________ moonsLargest are Titania and Oberon (smaller than our moon)Titania has an icy cracked surface that might once have been covered by an _________________

NeptuneDiscovered in ______________Atmosphere is like UranusHydrogen, helium, and some methaneInterior is also like UranusPartially frozen water and _______________with a rock and iron core______________ moons and a faint ring systemTriton is the largest. It has a surface of frozen nitrogen and _____________ that erupt nitrogen gas

Swirling storm s and high winds sometimes exceeding ____________________ km/h