CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION...
Transcript of CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION...
![Page 1: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
CHAPTER 11
NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION UNTUK IPV4
Routing & Switching
![Page 2: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
CHAPTER 1111.1 NAT Operation
11.2 Configuring NAT
11.3 Troubleshooting NAT
11.4 Summary
![Page 3: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
CHAPTER 11: OBJECTIVES• Describe NAT characteristics.
• Describe the benefits and drawbacks of NAT.
• Configure static NAT using the CLI.
• Configure dynamic NAT using the CLI.
• Configure PAT using the CLI.
• Configure port forwarding using the CLI.
• Configure NAT64.
• Use show commands to verify NAT operation.
![Page 4: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
11.1 NAT OPERATION
![Page 5: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
NAT CHARACTERISTICS
IPV4 PRIVATE ADDRESS SPACE
• IPv4 address space is not big enough to uniquely address all the devices that must be connected to the Internet.
• Network private addresses are described in RFC 1918 and are to designed to be used within an organization or site only.
• Private addresses are not routed by Internet routers while public addresses are.
• Private addresses can alleviate IPv4 scarcity, but because they aren’t routed by Internet devices, they first need to be translated.
• NAT is process used to perform such translation.
![Page 6: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
APA ITU NAT?
![Page 7: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
NAT CHARACTERISTICS
NAT
![Page 8: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• NAT adalah metode translasi IP Private menjadi IP Public. Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet maka harus terintegrasi dengan IP Public
![Page 9: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
APA TUJUAN NAT?
![Page 10: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
• Mengurangi keterbatasan IPv4
• Menyembunyikan skema network internal
![Page 11: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
TERMINOLOGI NAT
• Inside Local Address : source address sebelum translasi(IP Private)
• Outside Local Address : destination address sebelumtranslasi (IP Private)
• Inside Global Address : inside host setelah translasi (IP Public)
• Outside Global Address : outside destionation host setelah translasi (IP Public)
![Page 12: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
NAT CHARACTERISTICS
IPV4 PRIVATE ADDRESS SPACE
![Page 13: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
APA ITU IP PRIVATE?
![Page 14: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
• IP yang digunakan oleh organisasi secara internal dantidak dapat dirutekan di internet.
• Perusahaan kecil biasanya mendapatkan IP Public dariISP
• ISP Mendapatkan Alokasi IP Public dari IANA (internasional Assigned Numbers Authority)
• Device yang dapat melakukan translasi biasanyafirewall,router,server
IP PRIVATE
![Page 15: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
IP PRIVATE
Class Range
A 10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255
B 172.16.0.0 -172.31.255.255
C 192.168.0.0 – 192.168.255.255
![Page 16: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
CARI HIERARKI ISP DI INDONESIA?
![Page 17: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
KEUNTUNGAN NAT
• Menghemat alamat IP secara legal
• Mengurangi overlap pengalamatan
• Meningkatkan fleksibilitas ketika berkomunikasi keinternet
• Mengurangi penomoran kembali jika terjadi perubahanjaringan
![Page 18: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
KERUGIAN NAT
• Terdapat delay pada proses switching
• Tidak dapat melakukan trace end-to-end IP
• Terdapat beberapa aplikasi yang tidak berfungsi ketikaimplementasi NAT
![Page 19: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
TIPE NAT
• NAT Static
• NAT Dynamic
• PAT (Port Address Translation)
![Page 20: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
NAT STATIC
• Termasuk jenis one-to-one NAT, satu IP private ditranslatemenjadi satu IP public.
• Ingat, untuk NAT static tiap host menggunakan IP public sendiri
• Bisa inisiasi komunikasi dari jaringan outside global
![Page 21: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
KONFIGURASI NAT STATIC
![Page 22: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
TABEL IP
![Page 24: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Private IP Public IP
192.168.1.1 12.12.12.11
192.168.1.2 12.12.12.22
192.168.1.3 12.12.12.33
TABEL NAT R1
TABEL NAT R2
Private IP Public IP
192.168.2.1 12.12.12.44
192.168.2.2 12.12.12.55
192.168.2.3 12.12.12.66
![Page 25: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
LANGKAH-LANGKAH
• Tentukan interface NAT inside
• Tentukan interface NAT outside
• Buat translasi NAT dari source Private IP ke destination Public IP
![Page 26: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
NAT DYNAMIC
• Termasuk tipe many to many NAT, IP private dalamjumlah banyak kemudian ditranslate menjadi IP public yang banyak juga dengan menyediakan sebuah pool IP public
• Tidak perlu melakukan translate satu per satu, cukupsediakan IP Public sesuai dengan jumlah user yang akanterkoneksi ke internet
![Page 27: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
TABEL IP
![Page 29: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Private IP (ACL 1) Public IP (POOLR1)
192.168.1.0/24 12.12.12.11-12.12.12.20
POOL NAT RI
POOL NAT R2
Private IP (ACL 1) Public IP (POOLR1)
192.168.2.0/24 12.12.12.21-12.12.12.30
![Page 30: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
NAT DYNAMIC OVERLOAD (PAT)
• Tipe nat paling popular
• Termasuk tipe many to one NAT
• Dengan menyediakan satu IP public dapat mentranslasiIp private yang banyak denga menggunakanpembeda port.
• Disebut juga sebagai NAT dynamic overload , Port Address Translation
![Page 31: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
![Page 32: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
TABEL IP
![Page 33: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Private IP (ACL 1) Public IP (POOLR1)
192.168.1.0/24 12.12.12.11
POOL NAT RI
POOL NAT R2
Private IP (ACL 1) Public IP (POOLR1)
192.168.2.0/24 12.12.12.22
![Page 34: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
NAT CHARACTERISTICS
WHAT IS NAT? (CONT.)
![Page 35: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
NAT CHARACTERISTICS
NAT TERMINOLOGY• Inside network is the set of
devices using private addresses
• Outside network refers to all other networks
• NAT includes four types of addresses:
• Inside local address
• Inside global address
• Outside local address
• Outside global address
![Page 36: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
NAT CHARACTERISTICS
NAT TERMINOLOGY (CONT.)
![Page 37: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
TYPES OF NAT
STATIC NAT
• Static NAT uses a one-to-one mapping of local and global addresses.
• These mappings are configured by the network administrator and remain constant.
• Static NAT is particularly useful when servers hosted in the inside network must be accessible from the outside network.
• A network administrator can SSH to a server in the inside network by pointing the SSH client to the proper inside global address.
![Page 38: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
TYPES OF NAT
STATIC NAT (CONT.)
![Page 39: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
TYPES OF NAT
DYNAMIC NAT
CONFIGURATION
![Page 40: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
DYNAMIC NAT
• Termasuk many-to-many NAT , dimana IP Private jumlahbanyak kemudian ditranslasikan menjadi IP public dalam jumlah banyak juga dengan menyediakansebuah pool IP public
• Tidak perlu memerlukan translate satu per satu, cukupsediakan IP public sejumlah user yang terkoneksi keinternet.
![Page 41: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
POOL NAT R1 DAN R2
Private IP (ACL 1) Public IP (Pool R1)
192.168.1.0/24 12.12.12.11-12.12.12.20
Private IP (ACL 1) Public IP (Pool R2)
192.168.2.0/24 12.12.12.21-12.12.12.30
![Page 42: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
LANGKAH-LANGKAH
• Tentukan interface NAT inside
• Tentukan interface NAT outside
• Tentukan permit ACL Private Network
• Tentukan pool Public IP
• Buat translasi NAT dari source ACL ke destination pool Public IP
![Page 43: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
TYPES OF NAT
DYNAMIC NAT
• Dynamic NAT uses a pool of public addresses and assigns them on a first-come, first-served basis.
• When an inside device requests access to an outside network, dynamic NAT assigns an available public IPv4 address from the pool.
• Dynamic NAT requires that enough public addresses are available to satisfy the total number of simultaneous user sessions.
![Page 44: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
PAT
CONFIGURATION
![Page 45: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
NAT DYNAMIC OVERLOAD (PAT)
• Tipe NAT yang paling populer
• Termasuk tipe many-to-one NAT
• Dengan menyediakan satu IP public dapatmentranslate IP private yang banyak denganmenggunakan pembeda yaitu port
• Disebut juga sebagai NAT Dynamic Overload, Port Address Translation (PAT), atau NAT Overload
![Page 46: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
POOL NAT R1 DAN R2
Private IP (ACL 1) Public IP (Pool R1)
192.168.1.0/24 12.12.12.11
Private IP (ACL 1) Public IP (Pool R2)
192.168.2.0/24 12.12.12.22
![Page 47: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
LANGKAH-LANGKAH
• Tentukan interface NAT inside
• Tentukan interface NAT outside
• Tentukan permit ACL Private Network
• Tentukan pool Public IP (terdiri dari single IP Public)
• Buat translasi NAT dari source ACL ke destination pool Public IP
![Page 48: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
TYPES OF NAT
DYNAMIC NAT
• Dynamic NAT uses a pool of public addresses and assigns them on a first-come, first-served basis.
• When an inside device requests access to an outside network, dynamic NAT assigns an available public IPv4 address from the pool.
• Dynamic NAT requires that enough public addresses are available to satisfy the total number of simultaneous user sessions.
![Page 49: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
TYPES OF NAT
DYNAMIC NAT (CONT.)
![Page 50: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
TYPES OF NAT
PORT ADDRESS TRANSLATION
• Port Address Translation (PAT) maps multiple private IPv4 addresses to a single public IPv4 address or a few addresses.
• PAT uses the pair source port and source IP address to keep track of what traffic belongs to what internal client.
• PAT is also known as NAT overload.
• By also using the port number, PAT forwards the response packets to the correct internal device.
• The PAT process also validates that the incoming packets were requested, thus adding a degree of security to the session.
![Page 51: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
TYPES OF NAT
COMPARING NAT AND PAT
• NAT translates IPv4 addresses on a 1:1 basis between private IPv4 addresses and public IPv4 addresses.
• PAT modifies both the address and the port number.
• NAT forwards incoming packets to their inside destination by referring to the incoming source IPv4 address provided by the host on the public network.
• With PAT, there is generally only one or a very few publicly exposed IPv4 addresses.
• PAT is able to translate protocols that do not use port numbers, such as ICMP; each one of these protocols is supported differently by PAT.
![Page 52: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
BENEFITS OF NAT
BENEFITS OF NAT
• Conserves the legally registered addressing scheme
• Increases the flexibility of connections to the public network
• Provides consistency for internal network addressing schemes
• Provides network security
![Page 53: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
BENEFITS OF NAT
DISADVANTAGES OF NAT
• Performance is degraded
• End-to-end functionality is degraded
• End-to-end IP traceability is lost
• Tunneling is more complicated
• Initiating TCP connections can be disrupted
![Page 54: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
8.2 CONFIGURING NAT
![Page 55: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
CONFIGURING STATIC NAT
CONFIGURING STATIC NAT
There are two basic tasks to perform when configuring static NAT translations:
• Create the mapping between the inside local and outside local addresses.
• Define which interfaces belong to the inside network and which belong to the outside network.
![Page 56: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
CONFIGURING STATIC NAT
CONFIGURING STATIC NAT
![Page 57: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
CONFIGURING STATIC NAT
ANALYZING STATIC NAT
![Page 58: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
CONFIGURING STATIC NAT
VERIFYING STATIC NAT
![Page 59: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
CONFIGURING STATIC NAT
VERIFYING STATIC NAT (CONT.)
![Page 60: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
CONFIGURING DYNAMIC NAT
DYNAMIC NAT OPERATION
• The pool of public IPv4 addresses (inside global address pool) is available to any device on the inside network on a first-come, first-served basis.
• With dynamic NAT, a single inside address is translated to a single outside address.
• The pool must be large enough to accommodate all inside devices.
• A device is unable to communicate to any external networks if no addresses are available in the pool.
![Page 61: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
CONFIGURING DYNAMIC NAT
CONFIGURING DYNAMIC NAT
![Page 62: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
CONFIGURING DYNAMIC NAT
ANALYZING DYNAMIC NAT
![Page 63: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
CONFIGURING DYNAMIC NAT
ANALYZING DYNAMIC NAT
![Page 64: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
CONFIGURING DYNAMIC NAT
VERIFYING DYNAMIC NAT
![Page 65: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
CONFIGURING DYNAMIC NAT
VERIFYING DYNAMIC NAT
![Page 66: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
CONFIGURING PAT
CONFIGURING PAT: ADDRESS POOL
![Page 67: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
CONFIGURING PAT
CONFIGURING PAT: SINGLE ADDRESS
![Page 68: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
CONFIGURING PAT
ANALYZING PAT
![Page 69: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
CONFIGURING PAT
ANALYZING PAT
![Page 70: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
CONFIGURING PAT
VERIFYING PAT TRANSLATIONS
![Page 71: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
PORT FORWARDING
PORT FORWARDING
• Port forwarding is the act of forwarding a network port from one network node to another.
• A packet sent to the public IP address and port of a router can be forwarded to a private IP address and port in inside network.
• Port forwarding is helpful in situations where servers have private addresses, not reachable from the outside networks.
![Page 72: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
PORT FORWARDING
SOHO EXAMPLE
![Page 73: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
PORT FORWARDING
CONFIGURING PORT FORWARDING WITH IOS
In IOS, Port forwarding is essentially a static NAT translation with a specified TCP or UDP port number.
![Page 74: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
CONFIGURING NAT AND IPV6
NAT FOR IPV6?• NAT is a workaround for IPv4 address scarcity.
• IPv6 with a 128-bit address provides 340 undecillion addresses.
• Address space is not an issue for IPv6.
• IPv6 makes IPv4 public-private NAT unnecessary by design; however, IPv6 does implement a form of private addresses, and it is implemented differently than they are for IPv4.
![Page 75: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
CONFIGURING NAT AND IPV6
IPV6 UNIQUE LOCAL ADDRESSES
• IPv6 unique local addresses (ULAs) are designed to allow IPv6 communications within a local site.
• ULAs are not meant to provide additional IPv6 address space.
• ULAs have the prefix FC00::/7, which results in a first hextet range of FC00 to FDFF.
• ULAs are also known as local IPv6 addresses (not to be confused with IPv6 link-local addresses).
![Page 76: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
CONFIGURING NAT AND IPV6
NAT FOR IPV6• IPv6 also uses NAT, but in a much different context.
• In IPv6, NAT is used to provide transparent communication between IPv6 and IPv4.
• NAT64 is not intended to be a permanent solution; it is meant to be a transition mechanism.
• Network Address Translation-Protocol Translation (NAT-PT) was another NAT-based transition mechanism for IPv6, but is now deprecated by IETF.
• NAT64 is now recommended.
![Page 77: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
CONFIGURING NAT AND IPV6
NAT FOR IPV6
![Page 78: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
8.3 TROUBLESHOOTING NAT
![Page 79: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
CONFIGURING NAT AND IPV6
TROUBLESHOOTING NAT: SHOW COMMANDS
![Page 80: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
CONFIGURING NAT AND IPV6
TROUBLESHOOTING NAT: DEBUG COMMAND
![Page 81: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
CHAPTER 11: SUMMARY
This chapter has outlined:
• How NAT is used to help alleviate the depletion of the IPv4 address space.
• NAT conserves public address space and saves considerable administrative overhead in managing adds, moves, and changes.
• NAT for IPv4, including:
• NAT characteristics, terminology, and general operations
• Different types of NAT, including static NAT, dynamic NAT, and NAT with overloading
• Benefits and disadvantages of NAT
• The configuration, verification, and analysis of static NAT, dynamic NAT, and NAT with overloading.
![Page 82: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
CHAPTER 11: SUMMARY (CONT.)
• How port forwarding can be used to access an internal devices from the Internet.
• Troubleshooting NAT using show and debug commands.
• How NAT for IPv6 is used to translate between IPv6 addresses and IPv4 addresses.
![Page 83: CHAPTER 11 NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION …teguhkurniawan.staff.telkomuniversity.ac.id/files/2016/04/NAT_BAB... · Bertujuan agar dapat berkomunikasi dengan internet ... jaringan.](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022021817/5a9e28a07f8b9a2e688b5e34/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
TERIMA KASIH
Thank you very much for your kind attention