Chapter 11© 2007 Rolling Hills Publishing 1 Auto Upkeep Basic Car Care, Maintenance, and Repair (2...
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Transcript of Chapter 11© 2007 Rolling Hills Publishing 1 Auto Upkeep Basic Car Care, Maintenance, and Repair (2...
Chapter 11 © 2007 Rolling Hills Publishing www.AutoUpkeep.com
1
Auto UpkeepBasic Car Care, Maintenance, and Repair (2nd Edition)
Chapter 11Fuel System
Chapter 11 © 2007 Rolling Hills Publishing www.AutoUpkeep.com
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Fuel for Thought
• How are gasoline and diesel produced?
• What is the purpose of the fuel system?
• How are gasoline prices determined?
Chapter 11 © 2007 Rolling Hills Publishing www.AutoUpkeep.com
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Objectives
• Upon completion of this chapter and activities, you will be able to:– Explain the purpose of the fuel system.– Describe the parts of the fuel system.– Remove and replace an air filter.– Remove and replace a fuel filter.– State gasoline and diesel properties.– Identify ways to improve fuel economy.– Explain how fuel is priced.
Chapter 11 © 2007 Rolling Hills Publishing www.AutoUpkeep.com
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Fuel System Purpose
• Fuel is added to the tank.• Fuel is transported (pumped) to the engine.• The carburetor or injection system is used to mix
the gas with the air.• Ideal mixture – 14.7 parts of air to 1 part of fuel.• Summed up – the purpose of the fuel system is
to store, transfer, and then mix the fuel with air.
Chapter 11 © 2007 Rolling Hills Publishing www.AutoUpkeep.com
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Fuel System Components
• Fuel (gas) cap– Keeps the fuel from
spilling– Keeps foreign objects
from entering– Releases the vacuum
as fuel is drawn into the engine
– Prevents fuel spray when opening
Chapter 11 © 2007 Rolling Hills Publishing www.AutoUpkeep.com
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Fuel System Components
• Fuel (gas) tank– Stores fuel
(chemical energy)
Chapter 11 © 2007 Rolling Hills Publishing www.AutoUpkeep.com
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Fuel System Components
• Fuel pump– Mechanical or electric
• Supplies the engine with fuel
Chapter 11 © 2007 Rolling Hills Publishing www.AutoUpkeep.com
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Fuel System Components
• Fuel lines– Steel or rubber
• Carry the fuel
Chapter 11 © 2007 Rolling Hills Publishing www.AutoUpkeep.com
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Fuel System Components
• Fuel filter– Cleans the fuel
Chapter 11 © 2007 Rolling Hills Publishing www.AutoUpkeep.com
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Fuel System Components
• Fuel injectors– Throttle body or port
• Carburetor– Used on older cars
Chapter 11 © 2007 Rolling Hills Publishing www.AutoUpkeep.com
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Fuel System Components
• PCV– Positive Crankcase
Ventilation• Reduces vehicle
emissions
• Increases fuel economy
• Recirculates excess gas
• Decreases oil contaminants
• Reduces air pressure within the engine
Chapter 11 © 2007 Rolling Hills Publishing www.AutoUpkeep.com
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Fuel System Components
• CCV filter– Crankcase ventilation – Cleans the air going into the engine’s crankcase
Chapter 11 © 2007 Rolling Hills Publishing www.AutoUpkeep.com
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Fuel System Components
• Air filter– Cleans the air being drawn into the engine– A dirty air filter can “choke out” the engine
Chapter 11 © 2007 Rolling Hills Publishing www.AutoUpkeep.com
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Fuel System Components
• Mass Airflow Sensor– Measures the volume (quantity) and mass
(density) of the air entering the engine.
• Powertrain Control Module– Processes information from sensors to control
the amount of fuel being injected into the cylinders.
Chapter 11 © 2007 Rolling Hills Publishing www.AutoUpkeep.com
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Gasoline Properties
• Octane– Resistance to
detonation.– Common
• 87, 89, 93
Chapter 11 © 2007 Rolling Hills Publishing www.AutoUpkeep.com
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Gasoline Properties
• Knocking
• Additives
• Oxygenates
Chapter 11 © 2007 Rolling Hills Publishing www.AutoUpkeep.com
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Diesel Properties
• Cetane number– 40 to 50 are common
• Grades– No. 1 – cold weather/No. 2 warm weather
• Ultra-Low Sulfur Diesel– Contains a maximum of 15 ppm of sulfur
Chapter 11 © 2007 Rolling Hills Publishing www.AutoUpkeep.com
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Refueling
• Check your owner’s manual to make sure you put in the correct type and grade.
• Most gasoline engines can run on 87 octane, however some require premium fuel.
Chapter 11 © 2007 Rolling Hills Publishing www.AutoUpkeep.com
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Improving Fuel Economy
• Checking tire pressure• Tuning-up the engine• Checking the wheel alignment• Changing the oil when required• Limiting A/C use• Eliminating brake drag• Avoiding excessive idling• Combining trips• Moderating speed• Checking the cooling system• Removing excess weight and accessories
Chapter 11 © 2007 Rolling Hills Publishing www.AutoUpkeep.com
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Cylinder Deactivation
• Engine control systems to shut off the air-fuel mixture to half of the cylinders.– Also known as displacement on demand,
variable displacement, multiple displacement system, or active fuel management technology.
Chapter 11 © 2007 Rolling Hills Publishing www.AutoUpkeep.com
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Summary
• Put in the type of fuel that is recommended by the manufacturer.
• The purpose of the fuel system is to store, transfer, and then mix the fuel with air.
• Gasoline engines are spark ignition.
• Diesel engines are compression ignition.
• Increase fuel economy can save you money.