Chapter 10 Section 5
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Transcript of Chapter 10 Section 5
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Chapter 10 Section 5
A Nation Divided Against Itself
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Border States
• Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri
• Held moderate views on slavery
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Lower South
• Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina
• Voted for John C Breckinridge for President in 1860– Favored aggressively
expanding slavery
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Why did the Democratic Party Split in 1860?
• Over the issue of slavery
• This split allowed a Republican, Abraham Lincoln, to win the Presidency without a majority
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Secessionist
• Those who wanted the south to secede
• They argued that since they voluntarily entered the union, they could also choose to leave it
• South was outraged that a President (Lincoln) could be elected without winning a single Southern state
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Confederate States of America
• South Carolina leave the U.S. on 12/20/1860
• Rest of Lower South follows over the next few weeks
• Created the Confederate States of America
• Elected Jefferson Davis as President
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How did President Buchanan react to the secession of the southern states?
• He said it was illegal, but refused to take any action
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Fort Sumter
• Federal fort off the coast of South Carolina
• Running out of supplies• Confederates would not
allow supplies to be delivered
• Lincoln said he would send in supplies, but no troops
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Fort Sumter
• Confederates said the Fort should be handed over, or they would be forced to take it
• Lincoln refused to hand it over
• 4/12/1861 Confederates bombard the Fort and seize it
• Civil War begins
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Upper South- Virginia, North Carolina,
Tennessee, and Arkansas
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How did the Lower South respond to Lincoln’s election and the attack on Fort Sumter?
• The Lower South seceded when Lincoln was elected without any southern votes.
• Senator Crittenden from Kentucky attempted unsuccessfully to mediate
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How did the Upper South respond to Lincoln’s election and the attack on Fort Sumter?
• After the Confederate attack on Fort Sumter, Southerners saw Lincoln’s call for volunteers as an act of war against them
• This caused the Upper South to secede and join the Lower South in the Confederacy
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How did the Border States respond to Lincoln’s election and the attack on Fort Sumter?
• The Border States remained temporarily uncommitted to either side