CHAPTER 1 -The History of Engineering
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Transcript of CHAPTER 1 -The History of Engineering
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CHAPTER 1 -The History of Engineering
ME101Dr. Nhut Tan Ho
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Lecture Objectives & Activities
Explore definition of Engineering Provide an overview of history of
disciplines Active Learning Activities
Pair-share discussion: Definition of engineering
Small group work: Engineering in an era
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1.1 Introduction
Definition of Engineering The profession in which knowledge of
the mathematical and natural sciences, gained by study, experience, and practice, is applied with judgment to develop ways to use, economically, the materials and forces of nature for the benefit of mankind.
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1.2 Getting Started
Prehistoric Culture Our Computer Age The Speed of History Quick Overview
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1.4 The Overview Approach
Engineering the Temples of Greece The Roman Roads and Aqueducts The Great Wall of China
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1.5 Traveling Through the Ages
1200 B.C. – A.D. 1 Quality of wrought iron is improved Swords are mass produced Siege towers are perfected Greeks develop manufacturing Archimedes introduces mathematics in
Greece Concrete is used for arched bridges,
roads and aqueducts in Rome.
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1.5 Traveling Through the Ages: A.D. 1-1000
Chinese further develop the study of mathematics
Gunpowder is perfected Cotton and silk manufactured
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1.5 Traveling Through the Ages: 1000-1400
Silk and glass industries continue to grow
Leonardo Fibinacci, a medieval mathematician, writes the first Western text on algebra
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1.5 Traveling Through the Ages: 1400-1700 First toilet is invented in England Galileo constructs a series of telescopes,
with which he observes the rotation about the sun
Otto von Guerick first demonstrates the existence of a vacuum
Issac Newton constructs first reflecting telescopes
Boyle’s Gas Law, stating pressure varies inversely with volume, is first introduced.
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1.5 Traveling Through the Ages: 1700-1800
Industrial Revolution begins in Europe James Watt patents his first steam
engine Society of Engineers, a professional
engineering society, is formed in London
First building made completely of cast iron built in England
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1.5 Traveling Through the Ages: 1800-1825
Machine automation is first introduced in France
First railroad locomotive is designed and manufactured
Chemical symbols are developed, the same symbols used today (Au, He)
Single wire telegraph line is developed
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1.5 Traveling Through the Ages: 1825-1875
Reinforced concrete is first used First synthetic plastic material is
created Bessemer develops his process to
create stronger steel in mass quantities
First oil well drilled in Pennsylvania Typewriter is perfected
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1.5 Traveling Through the Ages: 1875-1900
Telephone is patented in the US by Alexander Graham Bell
Thomas Edison invents the light bulb and the phonograph
Gasoline engine developed by Gottlieb Daimler
Automobile introduced by Karl Benz
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1.5 Traveling Through the Ages: 1900-1925
Wright brothers complete first sustained flight
Ford develops first diesel engines in tractors
First commercial flight between Paris and London begins
Detroit becomes center of auto production industry
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1.5 Traveling Through the Ages: 1925-1950
John Logie Baird invents a primitive form of television
The VW Beetle goes into production
First atomic bomb is used The transistor is invented
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1.5 Traveling Through the Ages: 1950-1975 Computers first introduced into the
market, and are common by 1960 Sputnik I, the first artificial
satellite, put into space by USSR First communication satellite—
Telstar—is put into space The U.S. completes the first ever
moon landing
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1.5 Traveling Through the Ages: 1975-1990
The Concord is first used for supersonic flight between Europe and the U.S.
Columbia space shuttle is reused for space travel
First artificial heart is successfully implanted
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1.5 Traveling Through the Ages: 1990-Present
Robots travel on Mars The “Chunnel” between England
and France is finished GPS is used to predict and report
weather conditions, as well as many other consumer applications
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1.6 Case Study of Two HistoricEngineers
Leonardo Da Vinci Gutenberg and His Printing Press
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Work group of 4 Play “get-to-know-your-classmates” game Work together and explain what it would have
been like to have been an engineer during 1200 B.C.-A.D.1 A.D. 1 – 100 1000-1400 1400-1700 1700-1800 1800s-1900 1900-1975 1975-Present 2020
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1.7 The History of the Disciplines Aerospace Eng.
Agricultural Eng.
Chemical Eng.
Civil Eng.
Computer Eng.
Electrical Eng.
Industrial Eng.
Mechanical Eng.
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1.7 History: Aerospace Engineering
“Aerospace engineering is concerned with engineering applications in the areas of aeronautics (the science of air flight) and astronautics (the science of space flight).
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1.7 History: Agricultural Engineering Agricultural engineering focuses
on: Soil and water Structures and environment Electrical power and processing Food engineering Power and machinery
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1.7 History: Chemical Engineering
Chemical engineering applies chemistry to industrial processes, such as the manufacture of drugs, cements, paints, lubricants, and the like.
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1.7 History: Civil Engineering
Civil engineering focuses on structural issues, such as: Bridges and Highways Skyscrapers Industrial Plants and Power Plants Shipping Facilities and Railroad Lines Pipelines, Gas Facilities, Canals
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1.7 History: Computer and Electrical Engineering
The world’s business is centered around computers, and their uses are only increasing
Electrical is the largest branch of engineering
Involved in: Communication Systems Computers and Automatic Controls Power Generation and Transmission Industrial Applications
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1.7 History: Industrial Engineering
Industrial engineers design, install, and improve systems that integrate people, materials, and machines to improve efficiency.
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1.7 History: Mechanical Engineering
Deals with power, the generation of power, and the application of power to a variety of machines, ranging from HVAC to space vehicles.
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Lecture Recap: Engineering History
A continuum: new innovations stand on shoulders of those who’ve gone before
Engineers are professionals/leaders
Need to understand origin of profession Study history helps understand good
qualities of the past, and create new futures