Chapter 1 – Relevant Vedic Principles and Astrological Background

Illuminating the Vedic Sciences

In order to understand Vedic Astrology there needs to be an understanding of Vedic principles,otherwise Vedic Astrology will become just another “ology” that fails to give meaningful answers to life’sdilemmas.

The term Vedic means “from the Vedas.” The Vedas are a storehouse of knowledge containingSpiritual hymns that arose from the ancient culture located in the area of what is now called India.

Veda means “knowledge.” Actually, it refers to the knowledge of truth, absolute truth, the truthof the Self and the underlying mysteries of existence.

The Vedas were written as the ancient Sat Yuga or “Age of Wisdom” was coming to a close.These documents were meant to preserve the wisdom of this earlier, more enlightened epoch inhuman history. Many cultures seemed to possess similar occult knowledge— the Toltecs, Egyptiansand Native Americans, yet it was the ancients of this area (what area?) who best preserved thiswisdom. It is estimated that the oldest Vedas are more than 5,000 years old, based on Astronomicalreferences written in them. The miracle of the Vedic system is how well preserved and coherent theSciences are, especially given the history of India and its numerous invasions.

The culture at that time was called “Bharat.” The great and famous story Mahabharata means“Great Bharat.” The seminal work of Hinduism, Bhagavad Gita is from the Maha Bharata. In the BhagavadGita Lord Krishna teaches Yoga to the warrior Arjuna on the eve of a Great Battle. Yoga is more than aset of exercises that bring peace and balance to the physical body. It is a series of techniques and asystem of living that awaken us to inner truth, our inner Godliness. Yoga uses breathing exercises andmantras (sacred sounds), physical postures, devotional practices and service to scientifically awakenthis inner truth and Godliness. According to Yoga and the other Vedic Sciences, we are all God. Every-thing is an expression of God’s great Lila (story) of Self-discovery. Embodied life is an opportunity torealize this truth, to realize our true Self and become re-immersed in the Universal Self at the heart ofour being and the heart of all beings.

Within this great play are creatures at every stage of evolution: minerals, plants, animals, hu-mans and Gods, who based on past karma (action) take form in order to learn and grow toward SelfRealization, God Realization. All creatures suffer when faced with the limitations and level of under-standing of their current incarnation.The mineral creatures wish to be sensate (like plants).The plants wish to move, satisfy and experience desire (like animals).The animals wish to understand the world (Like humans).The Humans wish to transcend the world (Like Gods / Spirit Forms).The Gods wish to be one with All.

This suffering is caused by the illusion that we are these separate forms, rather than the undif-ferentiated God. This illusion is called Maya. Through the veiling power of Maya we identify ourselvesas a finite mind/body creature and seek to expand toward that infinite inner Self. All of our longings andthe longings of all creatures are an attempt to become all that we truly are. For even though we may notbe aware of our true Self, we are that and that compels us always.

This deep, fundamental understanding caused these ancient Vedics to develop many Sci-ences that would heal us in this world.

There are many Vedic Sciences: Ayurveda, Yoga and Vedic Astrology are three primary branchesof the Vedic tree.

Ayurveda - Ayurveda literally means “The science of living.” It is the classical medical systemof India, its natural healing system. Ayurveda is mainly the Science of matter, called Prakriti.

Vedic Astrology - Vedic Astrology is the ancient Astrological Science set forth in the Vedas andsubsequent books. It is mainly the Science of Spirit, called Purusha, and its affect on matter.

Yoga - Yoga literally means “union.” It is the practical application of all Vedic teachings. It pro-vides techniques through which our egoistic drives can be merged with our cosmic nature.

The five Elements – Building Blocks of the Vedic Sciences

The Self has entered this body, this dense jumble. If a man finds him, recognizes him, He’s the

maker of everything-the author of all! The world is his-he’s the world itself.- Brhadaranyaka Upanishad

Spirit is called Purusha. When spirit takes form it is called prakriti. Every object as prakriti isan expression of purusha—Matter expressing Spirit. This world of Matter expressing Spirit is formedby the five elements, they are the building blocks of The Vedic Sciences. Their properties providethe archetypes that underpin all aspects of Vedic thinking. First we will examine the five elements,then explore their evolution as affected by the three gunas (qualities of nature).

Starting with the grossest and moving toward the finest, the five elements are:Earth – Water – Fire – Air - Ether (space).

Let’s look deeper:Earth – (Annamaya Kosha) BODY. Earth, as the densest element is also the heaviest psy-

chological influence. Our physical body demands the most attention when its needs arise. For ex-ample, no matter how enjoyable it may be talking to your best friend on the phone, you will onlysuppress the urge to go to the bathroom for so long before you relent. Earth connects us to the senseof smell. Ayurveda says anything we can smell contains Earth.Psychologically, Earth is our practical nature, literally being “down to Earth.”Prominent planets in Earth signs will be sensual and hands on. They want to be useful and will workhard. They are practical in expression. They will wash your car on your birthday. Too much Earthbrings stagnation and clinging to form.

Water – (Pranamaya kosha) SENSES. Water specifically shows the flow of the senses fromthe physical body to the outer world and the emotional connections and impressions made throughthe senses. It is also our receptive emotional mind. It is on this vital level that our energy must connectand receive the environment in order to satisfy our bodily needs (Earth). We see a chocolate éclair inthe window of a bakery and our mouth starts to water.Water connects us to the sense of taste. Ayurveda says that anything we can taste contains water.Psychologically, water has to do with our deep emotional bonds, memories and sensory impres-sions. Prominent planets in water signs makes one want to merge and bond emotionally. They canbe the most psychic of signs. They will cook you dinner on your birthday. Too much water can lead toexcessive emotion/emotional dependence.

Fire – (Manamaya kosha) MIND. Fire corresponds to digestion of all sorts; food, mental im-pressions. It is also our active emotional mind, our passionate nature and the instinctual, conditioned/reactive mind. It is the element of fire that digests sensory impressions (water), turning them intothoughts we can use. Otherwise, our minds would be a jumble of sensory data.Fire connects us to the sense of sight. Ayurveda says anything we can see is touched by fire.Psychologically, Fire represents our active desire nature. We literally “burn” to satisfy our desires. It isfire that makes us “want” the chocolate éclair in the window. Prominent planets in Fire signs willexhibit an active, bold or perhaps aggressive nature. Strong fire types can be the most inspirational ofsigns, yet also the most self – centered. They will buy you sexy underwear or wear them for you onyour birthday. Too much fire can lead to excessive anger.

Air – (Vijnanamaya Kosha) INTELLECT. Air corresponds to movement of all sorts-in the body,breath, thoughts, etc. Air is our higher intellectual and social mind. It is the mind of our philosophiesand opinions – our politics and rationalizations as well as how we relate to others and society as awhole. It is through the air element that we observe and interact socially with the world, formingconclusions about it and our self. It is the Air element that will decide whether or not we will eat theéclair in the window.Air connects us to the sense of touch. Anything we can feel is touched by Air.Psychologically, Air represents our higher mental capabilities as well as our conscience and ethicalprinciples. Prominent planets in Air signs will generally exhibit a social nature. They like discourse anddebate. They will take you to the Opera on your birthday. Too much air and one becomes ungrounded,aloof, dry or sterile.

Ether – (Anandamaya Kosha) CONSCIOUSNESS. The element of Ether corresponds topure consciousness itself - Our awareness. It is the layer of being beyond the four gross, physicalelements. Ether refers to the witnessing consciousness, that which is able to perceive the thoughtprocess and remain unidentified with it. It is our connection to freedom and the closest to our true Selfand our intuitive nature.

Ether connects us to the sense of sound. Ayurveda says that it is through sound that we perceivespace.Psychologically, Ether represents an initial freedom from the mind/body complex. It is through theelement of Ether that we perceive the distance between the thinking/feeling mind substance and theoneness of creation and our connectedness to it. The behavioral archetype is that of one who isdetached in a healthy way, as the observer or witness. Ether is not represented in the AstrologicalChart and thus does not represent our physical karma.

The Five Elements at Work

Each finer element contains, observes and animates the grosser ones. In this way, and forthis reason, the primordial sound of Aum is the first act of creation. Even in Christian texts it is stated“in the beginning there was the word.” Amen is simply another form of Aum. All creatures are pro-duced in this way through the unique sound vibration based on their karma—yet, all creatures arisefrom the same source, the same primordial origin, the sound of Aum. Thus, through the element ofEther, the dance of creation begins out of the equilibrium that existed before (sound resonates throughEther). After Ether, the Air element is formed (intellect), then Fire (mind), Water (sense mind), andEarth(body). This model shows why mantras (sacred sounds) are so powerful. They resonate throughall five of our elemental bodies. As shown above, life is created from the finer elements to the grosserones. However, our spiritual path is walked in reverse. First we must master the body, then thesenses and sense mind, then the active emotions, then the intellect, and finally pure consciousness.When we see a chocolate éclair, the physical body (Earth) is animated by the senses (Water). Thedesire to eat it arises in the reactive/instinctual mind (Fire), but the higher mind (Air) actually decideswhether or not to eat the éclair. Our consciousness (Ether) makes us aware of this process.

In Hatha Yoga, asanas (postures) are designed to balance the five elements in this way.Earth: holding the posture stabilizes and relaxes the body.Water: A stable, relaxed body stabilizes the emotions and the senses.Fire: Stable emotions allow mental peace and removes desire and motivation.Air: Once struggling stops, perceptions clear and the mind can enter the present moment.Ether: Once perceptions become clear and the mind is present, consciousness and bliss-

ful awareness fills the being—One rests in their true nature.Hatha yoga prepares the mind and body for meditation. In meditation we connect to our

deeper Self and balance the five elements in this way. We connect to the Universe (Ether) throughthe breath (Air). Deep breath slows, deepens and stabilizes the mind and active emotions (Fire).With the passions controlled we can observe the senses and connective emotions (Water), withdetachment; then the body becomes stable (Earth). A stable body in meditation is one of awareness.Since we started with breath connecting to Ether, higher consciousness will be observing the thoughtsand mind/body events.

Karma and the Five Elements

According to Vedic thought everything is an expression of pure God energy, pure God con-sciousness. As stated above, all physical bodies arise out of this balanced God state. But as a resultof past karma and the samsaras (mental impressions) that accompany them, the five elementsarrange themselves to create the body that reflects the appropriate person, animal, or whatever. Thiskarmic energy points to the lessons that need to be learned in that lifetime.

For example, a person who needs to work through anger problems in this lifetime will inherita body, mind and upbringing that will challenge them to confront their anger and hopefully transcendit. In the case of anger, the element of Fire will likely predominate. An Astrological chart reveals this. Itis a portrait of the soul’s karma and the pattern of illusion in which we may become trapped. As karmameans “action”, we may mistake ourselves to be our actions, not our essence. This is Maya, theillusion that we are merely an acting, mind/body experience.

The Three Gunas

In the Bhagavad Gita, Krishna explains the nature of Maya, in Ch.14 v.5 “Sattva or goodness,

Rajas or activity, and Tamas or inertia; these three Gunas of mind bind the imperishable soul to thebody, O Arjuna.”

The three gunas are the three qualities of nature. The term Guna means “that which binds,” aseach guna is like a separate strand, which when placed together form the rope of Maya. They are whatbind us to the illusion that we are merely a physical/mental creature. All matter and energy consists ofthe three gunas in different quantities. They are the component qualities of the physical, mental andspiritual worlds.

The 3 Gunas are:Tamas: Stability – inertia - ignorance – attachment. Tamas binds through inertia and our ten-

dency to cling to situation and form. Best expressed through the physical bodyRajas: Activity – passion - desire. Rajas binds through motivation and our desire to experience

pleasure. Best expressed as the Mind and EmotionsSattwa: Harmony - knowledge – peace. Sattwa binds us to worldly happiness, which also

ultimately becomes a barrier to final liberation. Best expressed as the Soul.Each of the gunas has a proper and necessary function. Tamas provides the solidity and stabil-

ity of the physical world; for us, that means our bodies. Solid objects have a preponderance of tamas,especially when at rest. Rajas maintains the mind and emotions, animating the physical world throughneed and preference. When the body needs to eat or move, rajas gets us moving. Sattwa looks afterthe higher mind and Soul and its progress, compelling us to learn about ourselves and to seek comple-tion.

But each of these attributes also act as obscuring factors as their expressions show our pro-jected illusory limitations, thus forming the rope of Maya. When tamas becomes a mental or emotionalstate, the intellect becomes stagnant, which brings clinging and ignorance. An excessively rajasicbody will bring exhaustion and instability. Neither rajas nor tamas is healthy for higher learning. Higherlearning requires a sattwic mind. If suddenly you become sleepy as you read this you would stoplearning, as the heaviness of tamas would disrupt. If suddenly you became hungry or sexual or angry,also you would stop learning, as rajas would compel you to act and disturb the mental peace neces-sary for learning.

All beings are under the sway of the three gunas, even enlightened beings. The difference isenlightened beings are not identified with the gunas. A Saint will generally exhibit a harmonious, bal-anced and peaceful nature, those things associated with sattwa. Yet the Saint will be established in theSelf, not identified with the qualities of sattwa.

Saints have a preponderance of sattwa.Humans have a preponderance of rajasAnimals and other Subhuman creatures have a preponderance of tamas.To illustrate how the gunas typically work— this morning, as your alarm clock went off there

was an excess of tamas. Your body and mind were heavy and perhaps you had just mistaken yourselfin a dream as being your real self. Sleep, inertia, and delusion are tamasic. As you started to becomemotivated and got up from the bed, rajas was dominant, as rajas is activity. The need to go to work toearn money so you can have things that give you pleasure and that you enjoy is also rajasic. Worldlypursuits are mainly rajasic in nature as they are primarily self - centered. As you read this, in search ofknowledge and understanding beyond pleasure seeking and accumulation, sattwa dominates.

Most of the time we are rajasic, striving towards sattwa, trying not to be pulled down by tamas.Our experiences take on the quality of the predominant guna. Even though waking from sleep is gener-ally tamasic, Saints, for example, awaken in a sattwic way. Our spiritual practices, or lack thereof,determine whether we are growing toward higher knowledge and harmony, descending into darknessand delusion, or simply maintaining our outward desire driven existence.

Either way, our true Self is always there, unspoiled and causeless, silently and peacefullyexisting beneath all actions and beyond the qualities of the gunas.

The 7 Main Chakras and The Astrology Chart

It is through the Chakras that the planets impress our consciousness with the thoughts and feelings

(samsaras) that compel us to act in order to fulfill our karma and evolves toward their highest truth,

which of course, is our highest truth – as we are the embodied energy of the planets – each in a

different form. Evolving beyond these individual forms is our destiny. The Chakras are the planets in

our mental (Astral) body.

Above is a South Indian Vedic Astrological chart. Understanding this chart reveals VedicAstrology to be the study of the Soul’s Karma as shown through the Chakras. An Astrology chart is aportrait of the Chakras. Chakra means “wheel” or “energy center.”

The two right middle squares are the fields of the Sun and Moon, which operate through thesigns of Leo and Cancer respectively, and through the Ajna Chakra. Bordering those squares are the2 signs of Mercury, which operate through the Visuddha Chakra, one chakra down from the Ajna.Bordering the signs of Mercury, the signs of Venus, and through the rest of the Zodiac.

Essentially the external horoscope is a picture of the internal, astral landscape.

This brief overview of Vedic principles is intended to illustrate the deeper transpersonalconnection to Astrology and life in general that has been lost in our modern Western view. Astrologyis the Science of karma and a glimpse into our eternal nature, not just a way to predict the future,although that also has its place. Astrologers have the opportunity and indeed the obligation to share adeeper truth with their clients, but first the Astrologer must understand these principles themselves.Hopefully this brief glimpse will whet your appetite toward further study. See the back of this book forrecommended reading.

Astronomy Relevant to Astrology

The Basic Concepts

The Geocentric SystemIt is a human tendency to refer to other things in relation to oneself. Sitting in a moving train, we seethings passing by the train. A common question arises in our mind – which is the station comingnext? At the back of our mind we do know that it is not the station, which is going to come, it is thetrain, which will reach the next station. Similarly we refer to the rising and setting of the Sun. But weforget that it is not the Sun, moving, it is the spin of the Earth which makes it appear so.As nothing is stationary in the universe, it is convenient to imagine our position in the universe – theearth – as its centre and the whole of the universe moving around us in constant motion. Thusconsidering the relative positions and movements of all heavenly bodies with respect to the earth isthe Geo-centric system. On the other hand, when we consider the relative position of planets (in-cluding the earth) in respect of the Sun, it forms the basis of the Helio-centric system. Vedic as-tronomy and astrology are essentially geo-centric in their concept.

The EarthThe earth is spherical and rotates from west to east around its axis. The axis of the earth is animaginary line which, passing through its centre, connects its two poles, the north pole and the southpole. Another imaginary line running across the largest circumference of the earth, equidistant fromits poles and running in an east-west direction, is called the equator.

The Celestial SphereThink of the sky as a great, hollow, sphere surrounding the earth. Imagine the stars to be attached tothe inside of the sphere like thumbnails stuck in the ceiling. The sphere takes one day to rotate,carrying the Sun, the Moon, the planets and the stars from east to west. This is convenient model ofthe sky. In this model, the Celestial sphere, is an imaginary hollow sphere of very large radius (infin-ity) surrounding the earth and to which the stars seem to be attached. On this imaginary sphere thecelestial equator, the celestial poles, and other reference points are marked as they are done on theearth; these represent the extensions of the equator and the poles, etc., of the earth into infinity.

ZodiacThe earth takes one year to complete its rotation around the Sun. From the earth, it appears that theSun moves around the earth. This apparent path of the Sun is known as ecliptic. An imaginary belt of18 degrees width with ecliptic in its centre is known as the zodiac. Many groups of stars appear tohave been studded on this imaginary belt. Vedic astrology recognizes 27 such groups of stars callednakshatras. The zodiac encircles the earth like a circle consisting of 360 degrees. If this circle isdivided into 27 equal parts, each part will be of 13 degrees and 20 minutes arc, known as anakshatra. Each nakshatra is further divided into 4 quarters (padas or charanas), of 3 degrees and20 minutes arc each. Twelve divisions of the zodiac will have an arc of 30 degrees each, known asrashis (or signs)

The above figure shows rising of the Sun in the eastern horizon. The line passing through the centreof the Sun is the ecliptic, the apparent path of the Sun created by its ‘revolution’ around the earthduring its annual journey. The group of stars, referred to as the nakshatras, are the fixed referencepoints in the zodiac used to locate the position of the Sun, the Moon and other heavenly bodies. Allthe planets considered in Vedic astrology for the purpose of interpretation, do not decline beyond thebelt of the zodiac. They may be on the ecliptic or towards the north or sourth of the ecliptic depend-ing on their latitude with reference to the ecliptic.

For example, the orbit of the Moon is inclined at an angle of 5 degrees to the ecliptic. The Moon doesnot go beyond 5 degrees on either side of the ecliptic. The orbit of the Moon cuts the ecliptic at twopoint. In its orbit, when the Moon is on the ecliptic while moving from south of ecliptic to north, thispoint is known as Rahu or the ascending node of the Moon and when the Moon is on the eclipticwhile moving from north of ecliptic to south of ecliptic, this point of intersection is known as Ketu orthe descending node of the Moon.

The point of sunrise with respect to the observer keeps changing during the year. If A is the point of

sunrise when the Sun is at vernal equinox (around March 21 every year), the point of sunrise willappear to move northwards till it reaches the summer solstice (B) on or around June 21. from thispoint it will start its southernly journey (Dakshinayana) during which it reaches the autumnal equinox(again A) around September 23 and further until it reaches winter solstice (C) around December 22.At this stage it starts its northward journey (Uttarayana).

Tropical Zodiac

The most crucial point in the division of a circle is to know the starting point of the circle. The pointwhere the ecliptic cuts the celestial equator is known as equinox. There are two such equinoxes –the vernal equinox and the autumnal equinox. When the Sun is passing from the southern hemi-sphere to the northern hemisphere, it cuts the equator at vernal equinox. When the division of thecircle of the zodiac is with reference to vernal equinox as its starting point, the zodiac is referred toas the Sayana (or tropical) zodiac, the divisions of this zodiac into twelve equal parts are the Sayanarashis, and the positions of planets in this zodiac represent the Sayana longitudes of the planets.

The Precession of Equinoxes

If we could watch the sky for a few hundred years, we would discover that the north celestial pole ismoving slowly with respect to Dhruva (Polaris) star. The celestial poles and the celestial equator,supposed to be the fixed reference marks, are moving very slowly because of the slow change inthe direction of Earth’s axis of rotation. This slow top-like motion is called precession. Earth’s axissweeps around in a cone, taking almost 26,000 years for each sweep.

Precession is caused by the gravitational pull of the Sun and the Moon. Because earth is not aperfect sphere – it has a slight bulge around its equator – Sun and Moon pull on it, trying to make itspin upright in its orbit. This forces earth’s axis to precess.

The result of this precession is that vernal equinox, the cutting point of the ecliptic and the celestialequator, drifts westward on the ecliptic by an approximate angle of 51 seconds of an arc each year.So we have a new vernal equinox every year and hence a new staring point of the Sayana zodiac.This results in the shifting of the Sayana signs.

Sidereal ZodiacThe Vedic system does not depend on this shifting zodiac and relies on a fixed point on the zodiacas its starting point. There is no clear cut demarcation of this starting point in the zodiac. Someconsider this point to be 180 degrees opposite to the Chitra nakshatra. Some consider it to beslightly to the east of the Revati nakshatra, while still others opine differently.When the division of the circle of the zodiac is with reference to the Vedic starting point, the zodiac isreferred to as the Nirayana (or Sidereal) zodiac, the twelve equal parts are the Nirayana rashis, andthe positions of planets in this zodiac represent the Nirayana longitudes of the planets.

The angular difference between the vernal equinox and the Vedic starting point of the zodiac isknown as the Ayanamsha. When the Vedic starting point is with reference to Chitra nakshatra, theAyanamsha is refered to as the Chitrapaksha Ayanamsha. According to this system the first point ofSayana zodiac and Nirayana zodiac coincided in the year 285 A.D. The corresponding value of thisAyanamsha on January 1, 2000 is 23:24:36

“Astronomy Relevant to Astrology” Illustrations and text Courtesy of Rajeev Jahnji-permission granted for its use. Visit http://www.vedicastro.com

Understanding Basic Chart MechanicsIt is not enough to simply be able to read the chart as a chart. Connecting the chart to that

moment in time, to the earth and sky at the time of birth, is very important.Let’s explore basic chart mechanics:

In the chart above the diagonal line marks the rising sign. The rising sign is the exact point where theturning earth intersects with the sky. Since the earth is turning towards the east, the Ascendantshows the eastern horizon. It marks the first house. Just opposite is the Western horizon, the

seventh house - directly overhead is the mid-heaven, the 10th house - the deepest point below thehorizon is the nadir, the fourth house.

In the chart above the exact degree is 28:06 in the sign of cancer. The visible sky is shown by the

half of the chart, counted counterclockwise from the Ascendant degree. So in this case the visiblesky is from 28:06 Cancer to 28:06 Capricorn.

Planets above the horizon tend to be more externally expressed and worldly. Planets below thehorizon are more introverted and hidden from view and perhaps from ourselves.

The two charts above show a daytime birth and the nighttime birth. If the Sun is above the horizon(reckoned counterclockwise from the Ascendant) there is a day birth. Opposite that is a night birth.

In the chart above, the signs of the zodiacare displayed in the South Indian style chart. In the SouthIndian chart the signs are fixed, they are always in the same place regardless of the Ascendant.Pisces in the upper left corner, then proceeding clockwise through the sign of Aries, Taurus, Geminietc.

In the above diagram we have two South Indian charts next to each other. Based on the Ascen-dant, the houses will fall in different signs. The chart to the left as a Capricorn Ascendant, thusCapricorn is the first house, Aquarius the second house, Pisces the third house etc. The chartto the right as a Cancer Ascendant, thus cancer is the first house, Leo the second house, Virgothe third house etc. Observe how if you keep counting houses in the left chart you’ll eventuallyreach the seventh house of cancer, eight house Leo, nine house Virgo etc., even though thesame signs are different houses in the chart to the right. Planets will always be in a houseand a sign. The house is counted from the Ascendant and the sign is always fixed in the sameposition using the South Indian chart.

Signs are 30 degrees each. A degree is the approximate distance the Earth travels in 1 day. (day = onerevolution on its axis)

These degrees in the chart are seen by the position of the Sun “moving around the Earth”.(each day the sun moves a degree) It takes approx. 2 hours for the Earth to rotate through each rising sign. (12signs / 24 hours)

The orbits of the 2 luminaries, the Sun and Moon, break up the 360-day year into 12 months. (A month looselyrefers to 2-15 day cycles – a bright and dark cycle) The astrology Signs refer to the distance the Sun travels inone Lunar phase.

Example Charts:

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Scorpio Libra Virgo

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MercVenus

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Saturn R

JupiterMarsR

MoonThe Chart to the leftexpresses the Planetaryplacements above.The stars of each con-stellation appear behindthe planets. Their lightand influence emantesto us, affecting the planet.(*using the Sidereal Zodiac)

Planetary motion isclockwise. Notice Marsand Saturn will appear tobe retrograde, (movingbackwards) due to therelative speeds of theEarth’s orbit and theirorbit.

(c) Sam Geppi (Sadasiva) 2006