Challenge of an “Environmental Model City – Kyoto”:

Toward the Realization of a Sustainable Low-carbon Society

October, 2011

Kunimitsu Imai, Program Promotion Section ManagerGlobal Warming Policy Office,Environmental Policy Bureau, Kyoto Municipal

Government 　1

Do you do something good for the environment?

1. Appearance and Issues in the City of Kyoto1. Appearance and Issues in the City of Kyoto

2. Revision of Global Warming Policy 2. Revision of Global Warming Policy Regulations:Regulations: From the Environmental Model City - KyotoFrom the Environmental Model City - Kyoto

3. Challenge of Kyoto toward a Sustainable Low- 3. Challenge of Kyoto toward a Sustainable Low- carbon Societycarbon Society

1. Appearance and Issues in the City of Kyoto1. Appearance and Issues in the City of Kyoto

2. Revision of Global Warming Policy 2. Revision of Global Warming Policy Regulations:Regulations: From the Environmental Model City - KyotoFrom the Environmental Model City - Kyoto

3. Challenge of Kyoto toward a Sustainable Low- 3. Challenge of Kyoto toward a Sustainable Low- carbon Societycarbon Society

ContentsContents ContentsContents

2Do you do something good for the environment?

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1. Appearance and Issues in the City of Kyoto1. Appearance and Issues in the City of Kyoto

Do you do something good for the environment?

Kyoto: Appeal to the WorldKyoto: Appeal to the World

Kyoto: Staying AliveKyoto: Staying Alive

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5

Appearance of the City of Kyoto

Population: approx. 1.47 million 　　Area: 827.9km2

An historical city with history and

culture as the capital for

approximately 1,000 years from

Heian-kyo (ancient Kyoto)

An historical city with history and

culture as the capital for

approximately 1,000 years from

Heian-kyo (ancient Kyoto)

A tourist town visited by over

50 million tourists a year from Japan

and overseas

A tourist town visited by over

50 million tourists a year from Japan

and overseas

A city where three quarters of the

city limits are rich with forests and

woods and scenic beauty

A city where three quarters of the

city limits are rich with forests and

woods and scenic beauty

A manufacturing city and university

city that creates innovation

A manufacturing city and university

city that creates innovation

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Citizens with a strong sense of civic

autonomy (such important local

business leaders) and local

community bonds

Citizens with a strong sense of civic

autonomy (such important local

business leaders) and local

community bonds

Issues in Modern KyotoIssues in Modern Kyoto

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Destruction of the Cityscape and Landscape

Forest Devastation

Historical structures and mid-high rise buildings in the background

Withering of the oaks in the mountains

surrounding Kyoto

Feeding damage by deer

Influence of global warming?

43,74045,54447,27148,39149,44550,210

41,32242,17440,512

4,7945,348

5,9566,371 6,491 6,561

4,4474,4404,399

-

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

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平成

年13

平成

年14

平成

年15

平成

年16

平成

年17

平成

年18

平成

年19

平成

年20

平成

年

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

入洛観光客数（千人） 観光消費額（億円）

Tourism and Transportation Congestion

Impressions of Tourists on Kyoto (2008)

BUT

No. of Tourists Going to Kyoto and Trends in Tourism Expenditure *Kyoto City Annual Tourism Report (2008)

８年連続増加５千万人突破

Example of Tourists Waiting for Buses at Kyoto Station

Congestion from the Inflow of Automobiles (Arashiyama)

Around 29%* of tourists come to Kyoto in private automobiles

Best 2 Worst 2

1 Scenery TransportationTransportation

2 Landmarks RoadsRoads9

Issues in Modern KyotoIssues in Modern Kyoto

No. of tourists coming to Kyoto (1,000 people)

Amount of tourism expenditure (100 million yen)

Increases for 8 years in a rowExceeds 50 million

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

2. Revision of Global Warming Policy Regulations: From the Environmental Model City - Kyoto2. Revision of Global Warming Policy Regulations: From the Environmental Model City - Kyoto

9Do you do something good for the environment?

Birthplace of the Kyoto ProtocolBirthplace of the Kyoto Protocol

COP3, December 1997

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Taking advantage of the opportunity of the birth of the Kyoto Protocol at COP3, various initiatives have been promoted aimed at the prevention of global warmingTaking advantage of the opportunity of the birth of the Kyoto Protocol at COP3, various initiatives have been promoted aimed at the prevention of global warming

Environmental Model City Certification

■Kyoto was selected as an Environmental Model City on January 1, 2011(Currently, 13 municipalities have been selected as Environmental Model Cities)

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Environmental Model City SelectionEnvironmental Model City Selection

Initiatives of Measures against Global warming in Kyoto

Dec 2004: Enactment of ordinances for measures against global warming in Kyoto

Sep 2010: Full revision of ordinances for measures against global warming

　

　

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The first ordinances in Japan that specialized in measures against

global warming

○Reduction target: 10% reduction by 2010 (compared to 1990)

１　 Reduction Targets　○ 2050 (long-term target) Realization of a low-carbon society through significant reductions　○ 2030 (mid-term target) 40% reduction (compared to 1990)　○ 2020 (interim target) 25% reduction (compared to 1990)

２　 Characteristic Compulsory Regulations　○ Compulsory introduction of eco-cars for large business operators　○ Compulsory introduction of renewable energy for large buildings (first in Japan)　○ Compulsory usage of timber produced in Kyoto for large buildings (first in Japan)　

There are only four local governments (including Kyoto) with ordinances that specify reduction targets

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50

100

150

200

250

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

-CO

2二

酸化

炭素

排出

量（百

万トン

）

産業部門 運輸部門民生・家庭部門 民生・業務部門

Status of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Kyoto

Pre-revision ordinance reduction targets are met

△ １１．６％

400

500

600

700

800

900

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2010

2020

2030

年

CO

2温

室効

果ガ

ス排

出量

（万トン

－）

Issue of reductions in

the residential and

commercial sectors

Industrial sectorPrivate and household sector

Transportation sectorPrivate and commercial sector

Carbon dioxide em

issions amount

(million tons – C

02)

Greenhouse gas em

ission s amount

(10,000 tons – C0

2)

3. Challenge of Kyoto toward a Sustainable Low- carbon Society3. Challenge of Kyoto toward a Sustainable Low- carbon Society

14Do you do something good for the environment?

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In around 1,450 collection points in the city, used cooking oil is collected out of people’s homes

Low-carbon Initiatives in the Transportation Sector Low-carbon Initiatives in the Transportation Sector

Switch to Biodiesel Fuel Project (start: 1997) Switch to Biodiesel Fuel Project (start: 1997)

Garbage Trucks (around 160 vehicles)B100 (Biodiesel fuel: 100%)

Garbage Trucks (around 160 vehicles)B100 (Biodiesel fuel: 100%)

Utilization of Biodiesel Fuel in City Buses and Garbage TrucksUtilization of Biodiesel Fuel in City Buses and Garbage TrucksUtilization of Biodiesel Fuel in City Buses and Garbage TrucksUtilization of Biodiesel Fuel in City Buses and Garbage Trucks

City Buses (95 vehicles)B20 (Biodiesel fuel: 20% + Diesel oil:

80%

City Buses (95 vehicles)B20 (Biodiesel fuel: 20% + Diesel oil:

80%

The annual usage of biodiesel fuel is 1.5million liters and this has reduced CO2 by around 4,000 tons

Biodiesel fuel production plant (5,000L/day)

Children’s Eco-life Challenge Promotion ProjectChildren’s Eco-life Challenge Promotion Project

○The purpose is to review the lifestyle of each home from the perspective of a child by better understanding the problem of global warming

○The study class instructor is a volunteer citizen who conducts the study class in a lesson at elementary school

○Environmental household account books for children are used and the whole family practices the eco-life in the summer or winter vacation

○A retrospective study class is then held

2005: Starts in 1 school → 2009: 101 schools → 2010: 177 schools

①Pre-stud

y class

②Practice activity

③Diagn

osis

creation

④Post-p

roject stu

dy

class

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Conducted in all

elementary schools

in Kyoto City

Low-carbon Lifestyle Low-carbon Lifestyle

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Public transportation that

creates a bustling city

The switch in the leading role of the city from the car to

people

Realization of Kyoto:Realization of Kyoto:A Walking CityA Walking City

Realization of Kyoto:Realization of Kyoto:A Walking CityA Walking CityComfortable,

convenient public transportation

Reorganize and strengthen existing public transportation and services that are easy to use at a world-class level

A city with priority to pedestrians to savor to the maximum the appeal of walking

A switch to a lifestyle that values the enjoyment of walking

Existing Public Transportation Initiatives

Lifestyle Initiatives

Urban Development Initiatives

Target: Non-automobile transportation percentage share 72 ％→ 80 ％ and over Target: Non-automobile transportation percentage share 72 ％→ 80 ％ and over

Kyoto: A Town Enjoyable to Walk AroundKyoto: A Town Enjoyable to Walk Around Kyoto: A Town Enjoyable to Walk AroundKyoto: A Town Enjoyable to Walk Around

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Shijo-dori sidewalk expansion and public transportation prioritization

Road pricing (congestion charge) study

Initiatives toward a year-round park and ride

Kyoto: A Town Enjoyable to Walk AroundKyoto: A Town Enjoyable to Walk Around Kyoto: A Town Enjoyable to Walk AroundKyoto: A Town Enjoyable to Walk Around

岡崎地区

①Operation of environmentally-

friendly buses

②Zero-emission Street

③Installation of EV-charging facilities(Okazaki Parking Lot disaster prevention

location)

Use of renewable energy(e.g. small hydroelectric power

generation using the canal)

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Kyoto-style Smart City Development

International House

(Kyoto Prefectural Library)

Miyako Messe

EV-charging equipment

Storage battery

Okazaki District

ＩＣＴ

(National Museum of Modern Art, Kyoto)

Zoo

Remote Supervision Center Research Center

School

*PV examined after an on-site survey*PV examined after an on-site survey

Rakunan ShinbuRakunan Shinbu

BAS/BEMS

BAS/BEMS

◎Energy creation and conservation technology has been centrally introduced in a cultural tourism zone, and energy management has been implemented ◎Disaster response has been strengthened through self-sufficiency by renewable energy

☆Energy self-support and financing inside the area☆EV car-sharing, EV buses and controls on the influx of fossil fuel cars☆Pedestrian-centered zero-emission street☆Green zoo (Kyoto Municipal Zoo): switch to biogas

Green Zoo

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Kyoto-style Smart City Development

Distribution board

Solar panel s (consideration to the landscape)

PC

Wireless LAN (Wi-Fi) Router

Dedicated website

Display

terminal

Simplified power

sensor

Cloud

ビルの屋上に太陽光発電（パネル・防水シート一体型）・小型風力設置

●Energy conservation support services for the home

●Visualization tool installation(Smart meter + Display device)

●Solar power generation rental roof

●Rooftop natural energy utilization

●Fast-charging storage batteries●Regional stability energy hub

◎A new downtown residential style that is people-friendly and which takes into account the environment and disaster prevention◎Energy creation and decentralization at multiple-dwelling and city block levels

Future Cityscape

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Kyoto: Challenging to be a Low-carbon City

Kyoto’s Goal for the Future:Fusion of accumulated history and culture and cutting edge technology

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Kyoto: Challenging to be a Low-carbon City

Toward a city with appeal:Desire to continue to live, to visit

Thank you very much for your kind attention.

Thank you very much for your kind attention.

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Do you do something good for the environment?