(CH.1)Behavior+Modification+2012+Notes (1)

7/28/2019 (CH.1)Behavior+Modification+2012+Notes (1)

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Behavior Modification

Chapter 1


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Lecture Outline

Concept of Risk

Risk Perception

Absolute Risk

Relative Risk

Health Literacy

Understanding Health Behaviors Stages of Change Model

Strategies to Modify Behavior


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Concept of RiskHealth Risks/Risk Factors

Any factor which increases susceptibility or has an

association with the occurrence, onset, or progression of a

disease or injury.

The concept that relates specific health-compromising

factors to increased likelihood of developing disease or

higher death rates.

Epidemiology: The study of the causes, distribution andcontrol of diseases in populations.


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Concept of RiskRisk Perception

Less afraid of

Risks that are natural

Chosen risks

Risks that come from people ororganizations that are trusted

More afraid of

Man-made risks

Imposed risks

Risks that come from a source wedont trust


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Concept of RiskAbsolute Risk

A person's chance of developing a specific disease

over a specified time period.

Example

Observe 100,000 women between the ages of 20 & 29

for one year, ~ 4 would develop breast cancer during

this period

WHAT IS the ONE YEAR ABSOLUTE RISK?

4 per 100,000 or 1 per 25,000


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Concept of RiskRelative Risk

A measure of comparative risk of a health-related

event between two groups.

The chance that a person receiving an exposure

will develop a condition, compared to the chancethat a non-exposed person will develop the same

condition.


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Example: Risks of Disease

Absolute risk of developing a disease is:

4 in 100 in non-smokers

Relative risk of the disease in increased by:

50% in smokers

What is the absolute risk of smokers

developing this disease?

Absolute increase in risk is 2 (50% of 4)

Absolute risk of smokers developing this

disease is 6 in 100


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Understanding Risks

Multiple ways of

representing the same

statistical information

Reference class (group

with or without illness)

Verbal framing

(positive or negative) Manipulation


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Health Literacy

The ability to obtain, process, and understand basic

health information and services needed to make

appropriate health decisions

Health & the Media Advertising

Public Service Announcements


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Health Literacy

The ability to obtain, process, and understand basic

health information and services needed to make

appropriate health decisions

Health & the Media Self-Directed Learning

The Internet as a source for self-directed learning .org (non-profit organization)

.gov (federal government)

.edu (college/university)

.com (commercial business)


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Medical Library Associations

Most Useful Web Sites

1. webmd.com

2. Mayoclinic.com

3. Medlineplus.gov

4. Healthfinder.gov

5. cdc.gov

6. Familydoctor.org

p. 14-15


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Understanding Health Behaviors


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Prochaska & DiClementes

Stages of Change Model

Pre-contemplation

Contemplation

Preparation Action

Maintenance

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Making Changes in Your World

Overdoing: can lead to burnout & failure

Identifyonetarget behavior that you want to change work on it systematically

Use a variety of strategies to make your plan work.

Dont try to change everything at once!!!


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Barriers to Change

Landmark events can get you thinking about a behavioral change.


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Building Motivation

Knowledge

Comes from within

Is influenced by external factors

Locus of Control: Internal vs External

Internal: believe outcomes are contingent on their actions External: believe outcomes are determined by events or

forces outside their personal control


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Prochaska & DiClementes

Stages of Change Model

Pre-contemplation

Contemplation

Preparation Action

Maintenance

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(CH.1)Behavior+Modification+2012+Notes (1)

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