Ch. 23 geography and climate
Transcript of Ch. 23 geography and climate
South Asia(India)Chapter 23
Geography and Climate
Unit 8: Page 576
Maps: Pages 582, 584-586
Monsoons: Pages 586-587
Chapter 23: Pages 588-601
Indian Subcontinent, or South Asia
• India• Pakistan• Bangladesh• Nepal• Bhutan• Sri Lanka• The Maldives• Afghanistan
Northern Plains
• Indo-Gangetic plain• Fertile silt deposits• River water for
irrigation• Dense population
Northern Plains
• Indus River flows through Pakistan
• Earliest civilization in South Asia found here
Northern Plain
• Ganges River is the most sacred river in India
• It starts in an ice cave in the Himalayas
Northern Plain
• Bramaputra is located in Bangladesh
• The delta region is subject to terrible flooding
Deccan Plateau
• High flat land with rivers and hills
• Tiny farms growing millet, cotton, wheat, and rice
Vindhya Mountains
• Separate the deccan plateau from the Indo-Gangetec plain.
• Low but rugged• Agastya tamed
Vindhya, the spirit of the mountain
The Ghats
• Fringe the Deccan Plateau east and west
• Western Ghats helped keep Europeans out
• Eastern Ghats contains broad valleys which let the Europeans in
Monsoon
• A seasonal wind that dominates the climate of South Asia
• The most important weather prediction on earth
• Monsoon Cycle
Importance to farming
• If late, the seedlings will wither and die.
• If too much rain too soon the crops will be washed away.
Flooding and Storms in Bangladesh
• Delta formed by Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers
• 3 crops of rice per year
• Crowded and poor• Cyclones
Rainfall and Vegetation
• The monsoon affects South Asia unevenly
• Mountains cause more rain in the north
• Cherrapunji gets 425 inches/year
Temperatures vary greatly
• Northern mountains and Western Ghats are cold
• Much of the rest of South Asia is Tropical
• Madras is three months hot, 9 months hotter
Some parts of South Asia have worn out soil
• Fertilizers are used• Irrigation from rivers
and wells• Farmers must dig
deep wells in the Deccan Plateau
Peoples of South Asia
• 1.1 billion people• 1 out of every 5
people in the world lives in South Asia
• 75% are farmers• Most live in villages
People
• Great cultural diversity in food, dress, values, etc.
• Geographic features have separated people