CHAPTER 19.1

Section 1: The Postwar Era

Section 2: Postwar Prosperity Crumbles

Section 3: Political Tensions After World War I

Section 4: Fascist Dictatorships in Italy and Germany

Section 5: Dictatorship in the Soviet Union

The Great Depression and the Rise of Totalitarianism

SECTION 1

Bell Ringer 19.1:What were some developments in science and art in the post WWI era?

The Postwar Era

Science and Art in the Postwar Era

Causes Effect

Freudian psychology

surrealism

functionalism

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The Postwar Era

WWI profoundly disrupted European and American society. The mass destruction changed ideas about nations and people.

Many people felt a sense of anxiety and concern for the future.

New scientific discoveries added to the concern.

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The Postwar Era

Mass destruction and wholesale slaughter ….

New events and ideas in science raised even stronger doubts about the predictable nature of the world.

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The Postwar Era

People felt that the world was a frightening and unpredictable

place.

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The Postwar Era

Sigmund Freud

…founder of modern psychology

…claimed that the unconsciousoften controlled people’s actions –explained the confusing andirrational events in life.

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The Postwar Era

Others looked to science –the theories of Albert Einstein

People argued that differentsocieties had different values.

No one could say that ONE setof principles was good for ALL.

This became known as moral relativism.

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The Postwar Era

Major writings of the post-war years show dissatisfaction with traditional ideas.

One group who expressed such disillusionment included several American writers who continued

to live in Europe after the war.

The Lost Generation

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surrealism…conscious and unconscious ideas brought together in a dreamlike way

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The Postwar Era

…broke from the traditional novel.

Used a technique called “streamof consciousness”

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The Postwar Era

T.S. Eliot

…described a world without faith, where moral and spiritual values could not be restored.

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The Postwar Era

StravinskyThe Rite of Spring

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The Postwar Era

http://www.radiolovers.com/

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The Postwar Era

Pablo Picasso

Salvador Dali

cubism

surrealism

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The Postwar Era

"Form follows function."

functionalism

Louis Sullivan

"The space within becomes

the reality of the building"

Frank Lloyd Wright

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The Postwar Era

Popular Culture• Leisure activities• Consumer goods• Shorter workdays –

more money & free time

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The Postwar Era

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The Postwar Era

…the first feature-length motion picture with synchronized dialogue sequences

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The Postwar Era

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Johnny Weismuller in 1922 broke the 100m record with 58.6 seconds swimming freestyle.

Ralph Samuelsoninvents waterskiingin 1922.

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The Postwar Era

Greyhound racing was introducedin Great Britain in the mid-twenties.

In 1926, Gertrude Ederle became the first woman to swim across the English Channel – 21 miles in 14:31 – beating the previous men’s record.

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The Postwar Era

Babe Ruth hit a total of 60 home runs in 1927!

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The Postwar Era

The average American made $1,500 in 1920, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

If, like many Americans today, you put 10,000 miles a year on your Model T back then and got 15 miles per gallon, you'd have spent $133 annually at the pump.

10% of your income!

Gas was 20 ¢ per gallon.… but don’t get excited.

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The Postwar Era

Consumer Prices in the 1920s• Bacon 47¢ pound

• Bread 10¢ pound

• Chicken 39¢ pound

• Cornmeal 7¢ pound

• Eggs 55¢ dozen

• Flour 31¢ five pounds

• Milk 28¢ ½ gallon

• Beef 33¢ pound

• Nash, Special, six sedan, 5 passenger, $1,225.00

• Men's suits, wool, $12.50/each

• Women's sweaters, wool, $2.95/each

• Bedspread, $2/each

• Victrola, mahogany, $75

• Camera, Brownie $5

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Science and Art in the Postwar Era

Causes Effect

Freudian psychology helped people understand the devastation of World War I

surrealism combined conscious and unconscious to portray life in a dreamlike way

functionalism buildings designed for particular use instead of following style