Chapter 15Urban America

ImmigrationEllis Island --outside NYC—place where

immigrants from other nations came to be processed

Many ethnic areas opened in cities such as little Italy or Chinatown

Asian immigrants came to California during the gold rush of 1849, were processed at Angel Island

Nativism—a dislike or prejudice for immigrants by native people

Cities Advance

advancementsSkyscrapers-tall steel framed buildings that

were built up rather than out

Mass transit- began with horsecars and advanced to cable cars and eventually subways and elevated trains

Class separationsHigh society—upper class people with

moneyMiddle class—moderate income people

who lived in the suburbsWorking class—factory workers , lived in

tenements or dark crowded apartments

Problems to PoliticsCrime, violence, fire, disease all

posed problems for people in cities

Political machine—informal political group designed to gain and keep power

Party bosses—gave immigrants food, lodging etc in exchange for votes

Graft-fraud or corruption in cities by party bosses, bribes and real estate corruption were common

Tammany HallNew York Democratic political machine

Boss Tweed was the leader in the 1870’s and 80’s

Early Chicago

Cabbage given to immigrants by political machines

Early Chicago from Lake Michigan

Jackson Park Neighborhood