Ch 15, Sec 2 Feudalism - Springfield Public Schools 15, Sec 2 Feuda… · •...
Transcript of Ch 15, Sec 2 Feudalism - Springfield Public Schools 15, Sec 2 Feuda… · •...
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Ch 15, Sec 2: Feudalism
Main Ideas: How did feudalism start? How did feudalism work?
What was life like in Medieval Europe?
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Post-‐Charlemagne Europe
• A.D. 1000 • Kings did not have control of huge countries • Nobles had the power of small areas of land
• Feudalism: – Landowning nobles controlled and protected the people in return for services and loyalty.
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How feudalism works
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Power...
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Nobles
• Under the king • King gave them power
to control small plots of land
• Had vassals under them
• Pledged loyalty to the king • Gave the king troops to fight wars
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Vassals/knights
• people who served under higher ranking nobles
• Protected the nobles • Ran/belonged in the armies • Given land called fiefs for their service • Was in charge of smaller plots of land • Fought wars/protected the Nobles/King
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New Technology 700 A.D.-‐1200 A.D.
• Knights: – Rode horses – Had chain mail and armor – Used swords and shields – Used a lance (spear)
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Peasants/serfs
• Poor people who lived on the knights’/nobles’ land
• Farmers and city people
• Worked on the lord’s land 3 days a week in return for protec[on from the knights
• Owned by whoever owned the land they worked on
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Manors
• Plots of land owned by the lords • Ran by wives when the men went to war • Had free peasants and serfs work the land • Serfs – Could not leave the land – Could not marry without permission – Could not own property – Escaped for freedom in towns or bought their freedom
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New Technology in Farming
• Iron plows-‐broke up the soil easier • Horse collar-‐put on horses to pull the plows • Both inven[ons allowed for more food to be planted/grown
• Rotated crops on 3 fields keeping soil fer[le
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Code of Chivalry
• A code explaining how knights/nobles should act.
• Knights: – Obey their nobles – Be brave/honest – Fight fair – Respect women and children – Go to church – Help others
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How did people live?
• Nobles: – Lived in castles surrounded by farm land
• Peasants: – Lived in wood framed co_ages covered in clay – 1-‐2 rooms – Straw roofs – Worked year around accept for Sundays and Catholic feast days
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Benefits of Feudalism
• More food was grown/produced • Bridges and roads were fixed/created • Thieves were arrested • Law and order was restored • Trade increased • Created banks • Towns grew bigger – Venice, Italy – Flanders, Belgium
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People Living in Ci[es
• Paid taxes to nobles • Had more freedom
than farmers
• Could buy/sell property • Did not have to serve in the army
• Males could become ci[zens and elect gov’t officials
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Rise of a Middle Class
• Towns offered people the chance to find new jobs
• Guilds-‐business groups based on types of jobs – Ex: tanners, carpenters, bakers, blacksmiths, etc – Set prices for goods – Decided who could join the guilds – Appren[ce-‐journeyman, master
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City Life
• Very crowded • Houses were 2-‐3 stories tall
• Dirty, smelly, and full of disease
• Could not use the river for drinking water • Men worked in guilds
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Women in the City
• Worked at home and with their husbands • Could take over their husband’s job if he died • Could have their own jobs to make extra money
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Sources
• h_p://www.middle-‐ages.org.uk/feudalism.htm
• World History: Journey Across Time textbook
• Google Images