Feudalism and Manorialism. What is the difference between Feudalism and Manorialism? 1. Feudalism: ...
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Feudalism and Manorialism
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What is the difference between Feudalism and Manorialism?
1. Feudalism: Economic, political, and social organization of
medieval European relationships Deals mostly with upper class relationships Lords and Vassals
2. Manorialism: Agricultural, legal, and social organization of land The land and its’ inhabitants were the manor. Both belonged to a lord
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Why did feudalism develop? The new stability in Europe caused by
weather new agricultural practices less threats from invaders Influence from Romans and Comitatus
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What were the results of feudalism?
Revival of cities Internal and external colonization Altered power structure Relationships became more personal
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The Feudal Milieu Social Environment Kings could not longer protect all of
their people so people turned to neighbors that were stronger.
The bonds were very familial This environment spread throughout
Europe
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Terms you are responsible for: 1.Vassal 2. Aid 3. Fief 4. Homage 5. Fealty 6. Relief 7. Subinfeudation 8. Liege Lord
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ActivityToday we are going to demonstrate how these relationships functioned and see who benefits the most form this type of structure.
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The Organization 8F King: Quinten A Group
Lord (Noble) : Daniel Vassals : Vivek, Stefan,
Darian Peasants: Skylar, Annie,
Madison, Sophia, Anna, Audrey, Eva
B Group Lord (Noble) : Zack Vassals : Nick, Jordon,
Jenny Peasants: Grant, Gwen,
Monique, Sophie, Simeon, Jake, Celeste
8C King: Tim A Group
Lord (Noble) : Chris Vassal : Ryan, Shaylan,
Jack Peasants: Kaitlin, Alexa,
Natalie, Lexi, Sarah, Logan, Dylan W.
B Group Lord (Noble) : Travis Vassal : Alex, Mason, Dillon
L. Peasants: Kayla, Jenna,
Kora, Taylor, Sophie, Taryn, Josh
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Life of the Nobility
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Noble Families-Inheritance Adopted family names from the founder
of the ancestral castle Change from partible inheritance to
primogenture Daughters could not receive inheritance,
but they could get dowries Younger sons could only gain land
through war of heiresses
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Knights and Armor Long periods of training were needed to
become a skilled warrior Pages: sons of vassals sent to live and
train with the lord between the ages of 7 and 8
Squires: teenage knights Knighthood (sir): received at age 21 They had to be skilled, brave, a loyal
leader, and conventionally pious
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Song of Roland Best known of
Medieval heroic poems
Written in the last quarter of the 11th century
The ambush of the rear guard of Charlemagne’s army under the command of Roland.
We will read more
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Medieval CastlesDefensive Fortress Homes
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Manorialism
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Terms to know: Serfs: Manor: What is the difference between a serf and a
peasant? Open fields: Demesne land: Glebe land:
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The Lord’s Control Over the serfs it was considerable Serfs could not leave the manor without
the Lord’s permission The lord or his steward rant he manorial
court.
In what ways could this be unfair?
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Serfdom Had to work for the lord a set number of
days a week Intense work during harvest and
planting Week work: lords land Boon work: additional work on lord’s
land
What was the only benefit that freedom really bought?
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Peasant Life: Standard of Living Rents were fixed and could not be raised
from year to year They could profit from improvements
they made to the land since they had a right to the land.
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Peasant Life: Housing/ Food/ Culture They built houses out of what was
abundant Animals were always close Food was largely based on grain Life was filled with labor but punctuated
by religious festivals and holidays
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Gender Roles Men Plowing, fieldwork,
firewood, carting, construction
Women Tend to animals,
milk animals, make butter/ cheese, collect eggs
Brewing Cooking meals Raising children Spun cloth
**They all had access to a market economy
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What does the chart tell us about Medieval Population?
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Reasons for growth? 1. End of invasions 2. Relative stability of feudalism/
manorialism 3. Increase agricultural activity 4. New economic opportunities
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What happens as population grows?
Populations EXPAND internally and externally
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When areas populate quickly what tends to happen? Create a list of possible outcomes
War (N) Peaceful expansion (P) Overpopulation (N) Economic growth (P) Clash of cultures (N) Blending of cultures (P) Spread of diseases (N) Spread of ideas (P)
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Internal Colonization Clearing of forests and marshes to
expand agricultural space Lords began to offer freedom to
encourage colonization of new land
How did they name these new settlements?
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External Colonization (Conquest) German nobles pushed east beyond the
former borders of the Frankish empire People moved to the Baltic Sea, Finland,
and Austria. “Drang nach Osten” drive to the east
that offered new land and low rent By the end of the 15th century the size
of Germany had tripled
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Reconquista The reconquest and resettlement of the
Iberian Peninsula. In the mid 11th century Christian kings
took the offensive against the Muslims By 1275 only Granada remained under
Muslim rule.
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Ferdinand and Isabella Ordered the
expulsion of all Jews and Muslims from Spain between 1480-1492
Responsible for the Spanish Inquisition
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The Hauteville Brothers (Norman) William Iron-Arm, Humphrey, and Drogo
wanted to seek out fortunes as mercenaries.
They started as mercenaries but began carving their own estates.
Succeeded in defeating the Muslims and Byzantines in southern Italy and Siciliy.
They united the two regions into one kingdom called the Kingdom of Naples and Sicily.
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Rebirth of Urban Life Before 1200 no town in Western Europe
included more than 30,000 people As trade increased, the size of cities
increased. Towns were the one place that offered
vertical social mobility. Houses were close together, 2-4 stories
high, there was great entertainment, and the rich and poor lived side by side.
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Urban Social Hierarchy Patricians: small elite group at the top
Shopkeepers and Artisans Urban Poor
Peasants/ Domestic Slaves