Cellular Respiration
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Transcript of Cellular Respiration
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Cellular Respiration
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Overview of Cellular Respiration Section 4.4Cellular respiration makes ATP by breaking
down sugars.If a step requires oxygen, it is called aerobic.If a step occurs in the absence of oxygen, it
is called anaerobic.It takes place in three steps:
GlycolysisKrebs cycleElectron transport chain
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Cellular respiration The equation for cellular respiration is:C6H12O6 + 6 O2 6 H2O + 6 CO2 + energy
The equation for photosynthesis is:6 H2O + 6 CO2 + light energyC6H12O6 + 6
O2
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Comparing photosynthesis with respiration
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GlycolysisIs anaerobicOccurs in the cytoplasmOne 6 carbon glucose molecule is broken
down into two three carbon pyruvate molecules.
Produces 2 ATP molecules
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Krebs CycleIs aerobicOccurs in mitochondriaPyruvate is broken down
One 2 carbon molecule 1 CO2 moleculeHigh energy electrons
CoEnzyme A bonds to the 2 carbon molecule
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Krebs CycleAcetyl CoA enters the Krebs cycle (2C)Combines with a 4 carbon
molecule to form citric acid (6C)
Loses a CO2 (5C)
Loses another CO2 (4C)Combines with acetyl CoA.Produces 2 ATP
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Electron Transport ChainIs aerobicOccurs in mitochondriaNADH and FADH2 donate electrons and
transport hydrogen ions.Produces 34 ATP moleculesHydrogen ions and electrons combine with
oxygen to produce water.
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Electron Transport Chain
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Aerobic respirationAerobic respiration can produce up
to 38 ATP molecules from 1 molecule of glucose.
Most ATP is produced in the electron transport chain.
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Anaerobic RespirationAlso called fermentationIn the absence of oxygenIf there is no oxygen to accept electrons or
hydrogen ionsNADH and FADH2 cannot be converted
to NAD+ and FAD2+
Citric acid is not broken down in the Krebs cycle
Acetyl CoA cannot enter the Krebs cycle
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Anaerobic respirationPyruvate has to be broken down another
way.In yeasts:
Pyruvate ethanol and CO2
Produces 2 ATP moleculesIn animals:
Pyruvate lactic acidProduces 2 ATP molecules
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Uses of fermentationCheeseAlcoholBreads