CELLS!
description
Transcript of CELLS!
![Page 1: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
CELLS!Unit 3 – Lesson 2
![Page 2: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Cells• There are many different kinds of
cells, and they do many different things.
• Many organisms live life as a single cell! We say they are unicellular!
• Other organisms are clusters of cells. We say they are multicellular!
![Page 3: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
ATOMS COMBINE TO MAKE SMALL BASIC UNTIS OF
LIFE!We call these CELLS
![Page 4: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Multicellular or Unicellular?
![Page 5: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Multicellular Organisms• Multicellular organiams are
ORGANIZED. The cells don’t just float around at random, They work together to make different structures.
![Page 6: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
CELL TISSUE
ORGAN
ORGAN SYSTEMORGANISM
![Page 7: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
So, since we are talking about cells…what does the INSIDE of a cell look like? Is it organized
too?
![Page 8: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Comparing Cells• Since there are so many
different cells, we categorize them into two types.
• Prokaryotes• Eukaryotes
![Page 10: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Prokaryotes• Prokaryotes – lack membrane bound
organelles.
• Examples:– Single-cell organisms– Bacteria
Uhh, what’s a
membrane?
![Page 11: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
BACTERIA
![Page 12: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Eukaryotes• Eukaryotes – cells that contain
membrane bound organelles.
• Examples: • Protists• Fungi• Plants• Animals
![Page 13: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Eukaryotes• There are two main types of
eukaryotic cells. – Plant cells– Animal cells
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
![Page 14: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
ANIMAL CELL
![Page 15: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
PLANT CELL
![Page 16: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Cell Organization
![Page 17: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Cell Organization• All life is organized, remember? So cells have tiny
structures that help with their function.
• We call these ORGANELLES!
Looks like
mini-organs!
![Page 18: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Cell Wall
• Tough rigid outer coverings that protects the cell and give it shape.
• Found in plants, algae, fungi, and some bacteria.
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
![Page 19: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Cell Membrane• Protective layer
around all cells.
• For cells with a cell wall, the cell membrane is inside the cell wall.
• It allows food and oxygen into the cell and waste products out of the cell.
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
![Page 20: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Cell (Plasma) MEMBRANE
The pink structure indicates a protein in the cell membrane
![Page 21: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Cytoplasm• The “soup” in which
all other organelles reside. A gelatin like mixture.
• Chemical reactions occur within the cytoplasm.
• Holds organelles in place.
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
![Page 23: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Nucleus
• Contains the DNA responsible for providing the cell with its unique characteristics.
• Acts as the control center.
• Contains a nucleolus.
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
![Page 24: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Chloroplasts• Green organelle that
makes food for a plant.
• Contains chlorophyll.
• Where photosynthesis occurs (photosynthesis allows the plant to make food).
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
CO2H2O
Sugar
![Page 25: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Mitochondria
• Provides the energy a cell needs to move, divide, produce secretory products, and contract.
• Where cellular respiration occurs.
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
ENERGY
Sugar O2
![Page 26: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Ribosomes
• The site of protein synthesis.– making proteins
for the cell
• Can be found on Rough ER.
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
![Page 27: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
• Where cellular materials are processed.
• Smooth ER – when no ribosomes are present.
• Rough ER – when ribosomes are attached.
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
![Page 28: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Golgi Bodies• Sort proteins and
other cellular substances and package them into vesicles.
• Vesicles deliver substances to other areas of the cell.
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
![Page 29: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Vacuole• Stores water, waste
products, food, and other cellular material.
• In a plant cell, vacuoles are very large! This is because plants need to store more materials.
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
![Page 30: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Lysosome• Breaks down food molecules, cell
wastes, and worn out organelles.
Lyse = CutSome = Body
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
![Page 31: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
LYSOSOME
BACTERIA
![Page 32: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
BACTERIA
![Page 33: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
BACTERIA
![Page 34: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
BACTERIA
![Page 35: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
BACTERIA
![Page 36: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
![Page 37: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
![Page 38: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
![Page 39: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
![Page 40: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
RECYCLED PARTS
RECYCLED PARTS
RECYCLED PARTS
LYSOSOME
![Page 41: CELLS!](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062816/56813a9a550346895da29315/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Other Organelles• Cells can move using a flagella or cilia.
Animal Cell
Plant Cell