Cell Organelles Review (1)

7/29/2019 Cell Organelles Review (1)

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Cell Organelles

Eukaryotic Cells


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Cell Parts

Cells the basic unit

of life

Organelles - small

structures inside acell with specific

functions.

Analogy City of Rocklin


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A) Cell Membrane/Plasma

Membrane

Analogy Rocklin city limits

1. Function: Regulates materials entering andexiting the cell.

2. Structure: Two layers of phospholipids, proteins

Cell

membrane


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B) Cytoplasm

1. Function: All cell contents that lie between the cellmembrane and the nucleus. (organelles + cytosol)

a. Cytosol = liquid portion/non-organelles.

2. Structure: made up of fluid and organelles exceptfor nucleus

Analogy All air, water, life that are in Rocklin, except

City Hall

Cytoplasm


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C) Nucleus

1. Function: Control Center. Regulates DNA

& RNA actions.

2. Structure: membrane bound, contains DNA

Analogy City Hall

Nucleus


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D) Nuclear Envelope

Analogy Walls & Doors of City Hall

1. Function: Regulates what enters or exits thenucleus.

2. Structure: Double Layer of Lipids

Nuclear

Envelope


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E) Nucleolus

Analogy The Mayor

1. Function: Produces RNA, which are used to

make all proteins.

2. Structure: Inside Nucleus, separate from

DNA

Nucleolus


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F) DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid

Analogy The Laws or City Code

1. Function: information on how to make

proteins.

a. Chromatin unorganized DNA (normal state)

b. Chromosomes organized DNA (present beforecell division

2. Structure: Made up of nucleotides, locked in

the nucleus

DNA (chromatin)


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G) Endoplasmic Reticulum

Analogy Roads & Sidewalks

1. Function: Transportation route for proteins.

a. Rough ER: has ribosomesb. Smooth ER: no ribosomes

2. Structure: tubes and channels

Rough ER

Smooth ER


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H) Ribosomes

Analogy Restaurants, Factories, Builders.

1. Function: Makes proteins.

2. Structure: small circular organelles

Ribosomes

Free

Ribosomes


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I) Vacuoles & Vesicles

Analogy Grocery stores, water tanks.

1. Function: Storage for water, nutrients or

waste.

2. Structure: small membrane-bound organelle.

Vesicles


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J) Lysosomes

Analogy Recycling center

1. Function: packets of enzymes that break

down materials in a cell.2. Structure: Small membrane-bound

organelles

Lysosomes


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K) Mitochondria

Analogy PG&E

1. Function: Produce energy for the cell site

of cellular respiration. The Powerhouse2. Structure: Double membrane-bound, kidney

shaped.

Mitochondria


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L) Golgi Apparatus

Analogy Post Office

1. Function: Packages, labels and ships

proteins out of the cell.2. Structure: Pancake-shaped layered

organelle

GolgiApparatus


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M) Cytoskeleton

Analogy Wood, cement, steel beams

1. Function: Provide support and structure for

the cell.

a. Microfilaments

b. Microtubules

2. Structure: Tubules

Microfilaments

Microtubules


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N) Centrioles (Animals Only)

Analogy Rocklin High School vs. Whitney High School

1. Function: microtubules that help divide the

cell during cell division.

Structure: Tubules

Centrioles


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O) Cilia & Flagella

Analogy Cars or bicycles.

1. Function: provides movement for the cell or

objects moving by the cell.

2. Structure:

a. Flagella 1 long fiber

b. Cilia many short fibers

FlagellaFlagella Cilia


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P) Chloroplasts (Plants only)

Analogy Solar Panels

1. Function: site of photosynthesis (converting

sun and CO2 into sugar).

2. Structure: Membrane bound organelles that

contain chlorophyll

Chloroplasts


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Q) Cell Wall (Plant cells only)

Analogy ground, rock wall

1. Function: Provides support for the cell and

the plant.

2. Structure: Made of cellulose

Cell Wall


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Cell Parts Analogy

Create an analogy (besides the cityanalogy) for the cell and its parts

Possible ideas:

Stadium School

Country

Restaurant House

Mall

Waterpark


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Stadium Example:

Cell membrane: wall of stadium, gates

Cytoplasm: everything inside the stadium.

Nucleus: the control room for the stadium. Etc

Cell Organelles Review (1)

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