Chapter 6 Cell Biology 4: Cellular Respiration

1. There are _________types of cellular respiration that always begin with the _________ of ______ (__________):

a. _________ ___________ – does ___ use _______. ___________ ___________ (glycolysis)only produces _ ___ for _ molecule of _______ broken down.

This is believed to be the _____ type of cellular respiration that _______ because early Earth’s

atmosphere lacked oxygen. ex: _____ and ________

6.1 Aerobic vs Anaerobic Respiration

b. _______ _________

uses ______. Net ATP gain __-__ ATP for 1 molecule of glucose that is split. ex. ______

6.1 Aerobic vs Anaerobic Respiration

6.2 Cellular Respiration

2. ________ ____________ is the process that ________ the energy in _______ to make ___ – the molecule that ______ all the work of cells

There are 3 Stages of Cellular Respiration A. Stage 1 : __________ – “_________ of _______” the

_________ process that takes place in the _______ B. Stage 2: ___ _____ _____ (______ ____ _____) –

takes place in the ______ of the _____________ and requires ______

C. Stage 3: ________ _________-takes place in the on the _____ ________ of the _______________ and requires _______

6.2 Cellular Respiration

3. The _________ of the mitochondria is the key to aerobic respiration. There are __basic parts: an _____ and _____ membrane

�The _____ between the two is called the ____________ _____. � The _____ ________ by the inner membrane is called the ______. (in blue) a. the _____ _____ takes place here � ________ _________ takes place __ the _____ ________.

6.3 Glycolysis

3. Stage 1: Glycolysis ___________ – It does ___

require ______, and it does not take place in the mitochondrion - it takes place in the _______ of the cytoplasm. _______ split a molecule of ________,

a six-carbon molecule, into ___molecules of a three-carbon compound called ________ that releases energy that is transferred to ___.

� The process is started by __ ___. At the end of the process you have __ ___.

_ ___ - _ ___= _ ___ net gain. � High energy _________ are transferred to _____

molecules to make _____, another ______ _______ molecule used in Stage 3

4. Stage 2: ___ _____ _____(aka ___ ______ ____ _____) �Before the _ ________ molecules

from __________ enter the _______ of the mitochondria to start the Krebs Cycle, the _ carbon ________ is split apart and combined with an _______ CoA to make a two carbon compound called ______ - ____ �Acetyl-CoA combines with a 4 carbon

compound to produce ______ ____ acid (that’s why it’s called the Citric Acid Cycle) Each compound goes through the Krebs cycle once and generates 1 ATP for a total of __ ____

6.4 The Krebs Cycle (aka the Citric Acid Cycle)

� ______ _______ is given off as all six of the original _______ from glucose have recombined with ______ to form ______ _______. � The energy from these broken bonds are stored in chemicals that ____ _______, (____ & ______) including _ ____( _ ___ from glycolysis + _ ___ from Krebs Cycle)

5. Stage 3: ________ _________ � During this stage, ___ other energy molecules NADH &

FADH2 from the Krebs Cycle are transferred into ___ by collecting high energy electrons from the ________ _________ _____

� ________ _________ _____ – (________ ________) as electrons are ___________ down the chain, ___ is _________ (takes place on _____ ________ of the mitochondria) �As a result, __ additional ___ is made �___ _________acts as a _______ _______ helping the

hydrogen ions cross the membrane. It also acts as an _______, forming ___ from ___ and inorganic _________.

6.5 Electron Transport

Review Aerobic Respiration

Crash Course

6.6 Fermentation

6. Review: In __________, a single molecule of _______ is ___ in ____ by enzymes through a series of steps to produce ___ molecules of ________. (Step 1) � At the same time, only ___molecules of ATP are

produced from the splitting of ___ molecule of glucose – great if you are a bacteria, not so great if you are human and need a lot of energy!

6.6 Fermentation

� ____________ is an _________ energy-generating process (no new ATP is produced)

A. It uses _________ to produce two ATP molecules B. There are 2 basic types of fermentation: 1. Your ______ _____ and ________in the ______making process can produce a _____amount of ATP without using oxygen by undergoing ______ ____ _____________ a. this process allows your ________to continue

to ____, under extreme conditions, while your body is using ______ ________ – a build-up of ______ _____ makes your _______ ____

�The _______ and ___________ industry have used _______ ____________ for thousands of years 1. _____ are single-celled _____ that not only can use

respiration for energy but can _______ under ________ conditions

2. They convert ________ to ____ and _______ 3. The ______ _______ produced provides the _______ in

____ and _________ and also the _______ in _____ that cause _____ to ____.

4. ________ in our ___ also produce ___ through ____________ �Why we fart.

6.7 Advantages of Anaerobic and Aerobic Respiration

Aerobic Respiration

�One advantage of is that our __________ is __% ______

so it is in ____ supply �It also breaks down _______ completely into ______ _______, unlike

anaerobic which stops the breakdown ending in

pyruvate �It also produces ___ -___

___ from one molecule of glucose

Anaerobic Respiration

� One advantage of is that it _______ _________ to live in places with ______

or __ _______ like _ . ____ bacteria lives in the human

digestive tract �__________

____________ also produces ___ very

_______; aerobic more slowly