CDW Power Point

8/4/2019 CDW Power Point

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CDCD


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Claim / Data /Claim / Data /

Warrant:Warrant:originated in the courtroom


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AK

Toulmimetho


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33


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CLAICLAI

MM


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DATADATA


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WARRA

WARRA

NT

NT


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CLAIM?LAIM?


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ClaimIn a work of persuasive writing, thewriter presents "claims," which are

propositions that convey thewriter's interpretations of or beliefsabout something. Claims are not

facts but rather conclusions that thewriter draws from facts.


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The claims below convey interpretations of Henry David Thoreau'sessay "Where I Lived, and What I Lived For,"a selection fromThoreau's Walden.

Thoreau believed that preoccupation with insignificant events causednineteenth-century Americans to overlook what is important in life.

Thoreau thought that we should follow the ways of nature to leadmore fulfilling lives.

Notice how we could argue over the truth of the statements presentedabove. This fact alone should help you determine if you are presentinga claim. A claim, by its very nature, includes the possibility of at leasttwo different, sometimes opposing, points of view. After all, therewould be no reason to argue for a belief or interpretation if the subjectof the belief or interpretation provided for only one possible point ofview.
http://www.ivcc.edu/rambo/eng1001/thoreau.htmhttp://www.ivcc.edu/rambo/eng1001/thoreau.htmhttp://www.ivcc.edu/rambo/eng1001/thoreau.htm


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How to tell if

you wrote a

good claim


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Does it stateoes it stateann opinionpinion?


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Is its it clearlear andndpreciserecise?


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Can it bean it beproven withroven withevidencevidence ororlogicogic?


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HOW TOOW TOPROVEROVE?


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Dataata is theis theevidence thatvidence thatsupports orupports orproves theroves theclaim.laim.


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It can be a quoted passaget can be a quoted passagefrom the l iterary piece orrom the l iterary piece orresearched facts whichesearched facts whichmust be cited (akaust be cited (akadocumented).ocumented).


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For example...

Thoreau says, "Men think that it isessential that the Nation have commerce,

and export ice, and talk through atelegraph, and ride thirty miles an hour,without a doubt, whether they do or not;

but whether we should live like baboonsor like men, is a little uncertain."


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How much Data do you Need?

The amount of evidence you need depends on the claimyou are trying to support.

However, I think it's a good idea to present at least threefacts to support each claim. One fact is almost never

enough, and it's difficult to build a strong argument withonly two facts.

After all, I might be able to take one or even twostatements that Thoreau makes and argue for all kinds of

different meanings, ignoring the possibility that thesemeanings may not be suggested anywhere else in all ofThoreau's writings. Would you like someone drawingconclusions about beliefs you might have based upon only

one statement you made at some point in your life?


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Warrant


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The analysis andhe analysis andinterpretation ornterpretation orreflection abouteflection aboutthe data in termshe data in termsof how it supportsf how it supports


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The explanationhe explanationoff howow andand whyhy the data supportshe data supportsor justif ies ther justif ies the


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Claim = clear, focused sentence

which states a provable opinionabout a named literary piece

Data = evidence that supports

the claimWarrant = explanation and

analysis of how and why the dataproves the claim

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