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Huawei Confidential. All Rights Reserved
CDMA2000 1x Principle
ISSUE 5.0
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Internal Use1
Objectives
Upon completion this course, you will be able to:
Describe the development of mobile system
List the structure of CDMA2000 1X network State the principle of CDMA2000 1X
State the key technology of CDMA2000 1X
Describe the air interface of CDMA2000 1X
Describe the numbers in CDMA2000 1X
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Internal Use2
Chapter 1 Introduction
Chapter 2 Principle of Spreading
Chapter 3 Technology of CDMA2000
Chapter 4 Physical Layer of CDMA2000
Chapter 5 Number Planning
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Internal Use3
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Development of Mobile Communications
1.2 Development of CDMA System
1.3 CDMA 2000 Network Structure
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Internal Use4
Transmission Techniques
Power
Power
Power
CDMA
TDMA
FDMA
Traffic channels:different users are
assigned unique code and transmitted
over the same frequency band, forexample, WCDMA and CDMA2000
Traffic channels: different time slots are
allocated to different users, for example,GSM and DAMPS
Traffic channels: different
frequency bands are allocated to
different users, for example,
AMPS and TACS
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Internal Use5
Development of Mobile Communications
3G provides:
Complete integrated service solutions High bandwidth
Unified air interface
Best spectral efficiency.
Analog to Digital Voice to Broadband
AMPS
TACS
NMT
Others
1st Generation
1980s (analog)
GSM
CDMA
IS95
TDMAIS-136
PDC
2nd Generation
1990s (digital)
UMTS
WCDMA
CDMA
2000
TD-
SCDMA
3rd Generation
current (digital)
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Difference of 3G Standards
3G system
CDMA2000
3GPP2
FDD mode
WCDMA
3GPP
FDD mode
TD-SCDMA
CWTS
TDD mode
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Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Development of Mobile Communications
1.2 Development of CDMA System
1.3 CDMA 2000 Network Structure
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Development of CDMA System
Higher spectrum efficiency and network capacity Higher packet data rate and more diversified services
Smooth transit to 3G
IS95A
9.6kbps
CDMA2000 1x
307.2kbps
Heavier voice
service capacity
Longer period of
standby time
CDMA2000
3x
CDMA2000
1x EV
1x EV-DO
1x EV-DV
1995
IS95B
115.2kbps
1998
20002003
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Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Development of Mobile Communicatins
1.2 Development of CDMA System
1.3 CDMA 2000 Network Structure
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Internal Use10
CDMA 2000 Network Structure
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Internal Use12
Chapter 1 Introduction
Chapter 2 Principle of Spreading
Chapter 3 Technology of CDMA2000
Chapter 4 Physical Layer of CDMA2000
Chapter 5 Number Planning
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Internal Use13
Chapter 2 Principle of Spreading
2.1 Basic Conception
2.2 Communication Model
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Internal Use14
Direct Spread (DS)
Direct
Sequence Spread spectrum system mixes the input datawith a fast sequence and transmits a wideband signal.
The spreading sequence is independently regenerated at the
receiver and mixed with the incoming wideband signal to recover
the original information.
Transmission Receiving
Fast spreading sequence
Slow InformationSent
Slow informationRecovered
Wideband signal
Fast spreading sequence
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Internal Use15
Direct Spread (DS)
Spread sequence
Spread signal
Recover signal
Information signal bit
Spread sequence
Spread & De-spread
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Internal Use16
Spectrum-domain Analysis
Spread
Power spectrum of
information signal(narrowband)
P()
Power spectrum of
spread signal(broadband)
Mixed signals power
spectrum(broad band
and broad band)
P()
P()
P()
P()
P()integral/filtering
Recover signals
power spectrum(narrow band)
Mixed signals power
spectrum(broad band
and narrow band)
Add
De-spread
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Internal Use17
Correlation
(a)
(b)
Correlation 100% so the
functions are parallel
Correlation 0% so the
functions are orthogonal
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Internal Use18
Sequence 2#
Output of
integral
circuit
Sequence 1#
1#2#
Orthogonal Function
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Internal Use19
Multiple Access
Code Division Multiple Address Principle
Information bit 1#
Sequence 1#
Spread Signal 1#
Mixed Signal 1+2
Information bit 2#
Sequence 2#
Spread Signal 2#
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Internal Use20
Multiple Access
1st receiver resume process
Spread Sequence 1#
De-spread Signal
Mixed Signal
Output of
Judgement
circuit
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Internal Use21
Multiple Access
2st receiver resume process
Spread Sequence 2#
De-spread Signal
Mixed Signal
Output of
Judgement
circuit
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Internal Use22
Chapter 2 Princple of Spreading
2.1 Basic Conception
2.2 Communication Model
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Internal Use24
Source Coding
There are 3 types of source coding in CDMA 2000 system:
8K QCELP
13K QCELP
EVRC
Characteristic:
Support voice activity
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Internal Use25
Channel Coding
Convolution code or TURBO code is used in channel encoding
Encoding efficiency= (total input bits total output symbols)
Register
MUX
00001011
Bit
00110001
00100111
0000110100101011
Symbol
Channel Coding: Convolution
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Internal Use26
Channel Coding
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 81 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 23 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Input:
Output:
Transmission direction
Interleaver
Transmission direction
Write by row
Read by column
Channel Coding: Interleaving
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Internal Use27
Channel Coding
1 0 1 1
1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
Without channel coding, receiver cant correct any errors1 0 1 1
1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 0 1 1
1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1
1 0 1 1
1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1
1 1 0 1
1 0 1 1
1 1 10
After convolution, receiver can correct errors.
But recovery capability is restricted by encoding complexity.
1 0 1 1
1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 11
1 10 00
1
1 11
1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1
1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1
0 11
0 1
1 00
1
0 11
1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1
Source
Through the interleaving, the consecutive error codes can be corrected
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Internal Use28
Scrambling and Spreading
M Sequence for scrambling
Long Code Short Code
Walsh Code for spreading
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Internal Use29
Scrambling and Spreading
Two points are important here:
Maximum number of shift register (N)
Mask
The period of out put sequence is 2N-1 bits
Only sequence offset is change when the mask is changed
PN stands for Pseudorandom Noise sequence
Out
0 0 1
1 1 0
M Sequence
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Internal Use30
Scrambling and Spreading
The long code is a PN sequence with period of 242
-1chips
The functions of a long code:
Scramble the forward CDMA channel
Control the insertion of power control bit
Spread the information on the reverse CDMA channel to
identify the mobile stations
Long Code
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Internal Use31
Scrambling and Spreading
Short code is a PN sequence with period of 215
chips
Sequence with different time offset is used to distinguish different
sectors
Minimum PN sequence offset used is 64 chips, that is, 512 PN offsets are
available to identify the CDMA sectors (215
/64=512).
PNa
PNc
PNb
Short Code
S bli d S di
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Internal Use32
Scrambling and Spreading
64-order Walsh function is used as a spreading function and eachWalsh code is orthogonal to other
A Walsh can be presented by Wim
where ith (row) is the position and m
is the order. For example, W24
means 0101 code in W4 matrix
Walsh code is used to spread the forward traffic channel
W2n=Wn Wn
Wn Wn
W1=0
W2=0 0
0 1
W4 =
0 0
0 1
0 0
0 10 0
0 1
Walsh code
Walsh Code is one kind of orthogonal code.
1 1
1 0
Walsh Code
MS Whi h BTS I h ld li t ?
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Internal Use33
MS: Which BTS I should listen?
A PN sequence (short code) with period of 215 bits, is used with 64bits offset. That is512 total PN available to identify the 512 sectors/BTSs.
BTS BBTS A
BTS C
MS B Whi h i i l?
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Internal Use34
MS-B: Which is my signal?
Each MS has unique Walsh code. Normally CDMA2000 uses 64 array Walsh codes
MS-A
MS-B
MS-C
MS-D
MS-E
MS-F
MS-G
MS-H
0000000. A
0101010 B
0000111 C
01010100
BTS Wh i M D?
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Internal Use35
BTS: Who is my Mr. D?
A PN sequence (long code) with period of 242-1 bits which is used to Spread the
information on the reverse CDMA channel and identify the MS. A unique ESN is used as
mask to achieve unique starting point
MS-A
MS-B
MS-C
MS-D
MS-E
MS-F
MS-G
MS-H
M d l ti
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Internal Use36
Modulation
Q ti
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Internal Use37
Questions
How to understand spreading and multi access?
What is the main function of each step in communication model ?
How to understand the three types of codes in CDMA2000 1X ?
Why do we say CDMA system is self interference system ?
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Internal Use38
Chapter 1 Introduction
Chapter 2 Principle of spreading
Chapter 3 Technology of CDMA2000
Chapter 4 Physical layer of CDMA2000
Chapter 5 Number planning
T h l Of CDMA2000
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Internal Use39
Technology Of CDMA2000
Power control
Rake Receiver Soft handoff
Power Control
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Internal Use40
Power Control
no power control
after power control
Far/near problem exists in wireless system
Power Control
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Internal Use41
Power Control
CDMA is a self-interference system
no power control
after power control
Power Control
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Internal Use42
Power Control
According to the directions, power control can be divided into:
Reverse power control
Forward power control
According to the types, power control can be divided into: Reverse power control
Reverse open loop power control
Reverse closed loop power control
Forward power control
Measurement report power control
EIB power control
Fast power control
Classification Of Power Control
Power Control
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Internal Use43
Power Control
The mobile transmission power is determined by the following factors: Distance from the base station Load of the cell Circumstance of the code channels
The transmission power of the mobile station is relative to its received power.
Reverse Open Loop Power Control
BTSMobile
Reverse Open Loop
Power Control
BTS
BTS
TransmittingPower
Power Control
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Internal Use44
Power Control
Reverse Closed Loop Power Control
BTS
Power Control Bit
Eb/Nt Value FER Value
Inner Loop Power Control
Outer Loop Power Control
Change in Eb/Nt Value
BSC
BTS
Power Control
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Internal Use45
Power Control
Fast Forward Power Control
FER Measurement
MS
Power Control Bit
Eb/Nt Comparator
BTS
FEREb/Nt
RAKE Receiver
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Internal Use46
RAKE Receiver
RAKE Receiver
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Internal Use47
RAKE Receiver
RAKE receiver can mitigates
multi-path fading and enhance
the receive performance of
the system.
Receive set
Calculate the
time delay and
signal strength
Combiner
Correlator 1
Correlator 2
Correlator 3
Searcher correlator
output
Recover signal
from single path
and adjust its
time delay
90
0
0
90
Soft Handoff
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Internal Use48
Soft Handoff
Pilot Sets
An active pilot is a pilot whose paging ortraffic channels are actually being monitoredor used.
The pilot that not in the active set but
potential to be demodulated
The pilot that not included in the active set or
the candidate set but being possible to be
added in the candidate set
Other pilot
Active Set
Candidate
Set
Neighbor
Set
Remaining
Set
Searchercorrelator
All pilot that can be detected by searchercorrelator is classify to four pilot set.
Soft Handoff
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Internal Use49
Soft Handoff
Soft/softer handoff meansMS can keep traffic channel
with two or more sectors.
Soft handoffinvolves
traffic channel from
more than one BTS
and Multi-path
combination in the BSC.
Softer handoff
involves traffic channel
from two or more
sectors of one BTS and
Multi-path combination
in the BTS.
Soft Handoff And Softer Handoff
Soft Handoff
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Internal Use50
Soft Handoff
Important Parameters of Soft handoff
SectorA
Add Threshold (T_ADD)
DropThreshold (T_DROP)
Time
Ec/Io
Sector
B
Guard Time(T-TDROP)
Soft Handoff Region
T_ADD, T_DROP and T_TDROP affect the percentage of MS in handoff.
T_ADD & T_DROP is the standards used to add or drop a pilot.
T_DROP is a timer.
Soft Handoff
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Internal Use51
Soft Handoff
Dynamic Soft Handoff
Neighbor
Set
Candidate
Set
Active
Set
Candidate
Set
TIME
Active
Set
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Neighbor
Set
T_TDROP T_TDROP
T_ADD
T_DRO
P
Pilot
strength P1P2
1. P2>T_ADD
2. P2> [(SOFT_SLOPE/8) * 10 * log10(PS1) + ADD_INTERCEPT/2].
4. P1< [(SOFT_SLOPE/8) * 10 * log10(PS2) +DROP_INTERCEPT/2]
7. P1
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Internal Use52
Questions
Why CDMA system need power control ?
What is the function of the RAKE receiver ?
What is the difference between hard handoff and soft handoff ?
Why can CDMA system support soft handoff ?
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Internal Use53
Chapter 1 Introduction
Chapter 2 Principle of Spreading
Chapter 3 Technology of CDMA2000
Chapter 4 Physical Layer of CDMA2000
Chapter 5 Number Planning
Physical Layer Of IS95
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Internal Use54
Physical Layer Of IS95
Physical Layer Of IS95
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Internal Use55
Physical Layer Of IS95
Forward pilot channel is spread over W0 and modulated with
short code directly BTS transmits the pilot channel continuously
The Pilot channel carries no data
Forward Link: Pilot Channel
Pilot channel
(all-zeros)
W064
Physical Layer Of IS95
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Internal Use56
Physical Layer Of IS95
The sync channel is used by the mobile station to synchronize with
the network. W32 is used to spread Sync Channel.
The synchronization message includes:
Pilot PN sequence offset: PILOT_PN
System time: SYS_TIME
Long code state: LC_STATE
Paging channel rate: P_RAT
Here note that, sync channel rate is 1200bps
Forward Link: Sync Channel
ToQPSK
coder
2.4kbps 4.8kbps 4.8kbps
Codesymbol
Repetitive
code
symbol
1.2kbps
Convolution
encoderr=1/2,K=9
symbol
repetition
Block
interleaving
Sync Ch bits
W3264
Physical Layer Of IS95
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Internal Use57
Physical Layer Of IS95
The paging channel transmits:
System parameters message
Access parameters
Neighbors list
CDMA channels list message
The frame length of a paging channel is 20ms
W1 ~ W7 are spared for the Paging Channels
spreading
ToQPSK
coder
Paging
channel bits
19.2/9.6Kbps 19.2kbps
19.2kbpsCode
symbol
9.6/4.8 kbps
Convolution
encoder
r=1/2,K=9
Symbol
repetitionBlock
interleaving
Paging channel address mask
Long
code PN
generator
decimator
1.2288Mcps
19.2kbps
W164
Forward Link: Paging Channel
Physical Layer Of IS95
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Internal Use58
Physical Layer Of IS95
I Ch PN sequence (1.2288 Mcps)
PN 1.2288 Mcps
Repetitive
symbol
19.2kbps
8.6kbps9.6kbps
4.8kbps
2.4kbps1.2kbps
Add frame
quality indicator
bits(12,10,8,6)
Add 8
encoded tail
bits
Convolution
encoderr=1/2,K=9
Symbol
repetitionForward traffic
channel(172/80/40 or
16bits/frame)
Block
interleaver
19.2kbps
MUX
Long code
generator
Power control bits
Q Ch PN sequence (1.2288 Mcps)
Baseband
filter
I(t)
Q(t)decimator
+QPSK Modulation
4.0kbps2.0kbps0.8kbps
19.2ksybps
9.6ksybps
4.8ksybps2.4ksybps
Sin(2pfct)
Cos(2pfct)
Walsh code
decimator
+
+Baseband
filter
+
+
Forward Link: Traffic Channel (FCH And SCCH)
Physical Layer Of IS95
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Internal Use59
Physical Layer Of IS95
4.8 kbps (307.2kbps)
PN chips
1.2288 McpsOrthogonal spreading
28.8 kbps
Data burst
randomizer
Long code
PN
generator
Frame rate
Long code mask
Repetitive
symbol
Walsh code
I Ch PN sequence (1.2288 Mcps)
Baseband
filter
I(t)
Q(t)
QPSK Modulation
Sin(2pfct)
Cos(2pfct)
+
+Baseband
filter
+
+
Q Ch PN sequence (1.2288 Mcps)
1/2 PN chips Delayed
time=406.9ns
Reverse Link: Access ChannelRepetitive
symbol
8.8 kbps
Code
symbol
14.4 kbps4.4 kbps 4.8kbpsAdd 8encoder tail
bits
Convolution
encoder
r=1/3,K=9
Symbol
repetitionAccess
channel
(80 bits/frame)
Block
interleaving
Physical Layer Of IS95
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Internal Use60
y y
Reverse Link: Traffic Channel (FCH And SCCH)
8.6kbps9.6kbps
4.8kbps
2.4kbps
1.2kbps
Add framequality indicator
bits(12,10,8,6)
Add 8encoded tail
bits
convolutionencoder
r=1/3,K=9
Symbolrepetition
Reverse traffic
channel
Block
interleaver
4.0kbps
2.0kbps
0.8kbps
28.8Ksybps
14.4Ksybps
7.2Ksybps
3.6Ksybps
4.8 kbps (307.2kbps)
PN chips
1.2288 Mcps
Orthogonal spreading
Data burst
randomizer
Long code
PN
generator
Frame rate
Long code mask
Walsh code
I Ch PN sequence (1.2288 Mcps)
Baseband
filter
I(t)
Q(t)
QPSK Modulation
Sin(2pfct)
Cos(2pfct)
+
+ Basebandfilter
+
+
Q Ch PN sequence (1.2288 Mcps)
1/2 PN chips Delayed
time=406.9ns
Physical Layer Of CDMA2000
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Internal Use61
y y
Symbol
repetitionDefinition of IS2000s Channel:
Physical Layer Of CDMA2000
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Internal Use62
y y
Symbol
repetition
Forward Channel: F -QPCH
0 1 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 152047... 4
1.28SF-PCH
F-PCH
80ms
F-QPCH
1 32 4 1 2 3 4
20ms 20ms20ms20ms20ms20ms20ms20ms
A1 B1 A2 B2
Physical Layer Of CDMA2000
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Internal Use63
y y
Forward Channel: F-CCCH
20ms frame (9.6kbps)
172 information bits 12 CRC bits8 encoders
tails bits
20ms frame (38.4kbps)
744 information bits 16 CRC bits8 encoders
tails bits
10ms frame (38.4kbps)
360 information bits 16 CRC bits8 encoders
tails bits
172 information bits 16 CRC bits 8 encoders
tails bits
5ms frame (38.4kbps)With QPCH together, F-CCCH
shared by many mobiles carries
mobile-specific messages .
Physical Layer Of CDMA2000
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Internal Use64
y y
F-DCCH is a dedicated signaling
channel.
F-DCCH can carry user data that
is typically low-rate.
Forward Channel: F-DCCH
20ms frames (9.6kbps)
172 information bits12 CRC
bits
8 encoders
tails bits
5ms frames (9.6kbps)
24 information bits 16 CRC bits 8 encoder tails bits
Physical Layer Of CDMA2000
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Internal Use65
y y
Forward Channel: F-SCH
64
4
8
16
32
12
9600 19200 38400 76800 153600 307200 614400
Data rate -bps-
W01=0
W02=00
W12=01
W04=0000
W24=0011
W14=0101
W34=0110
W08=00000000
W48=00001111
W28=00110011
W68=00111100
W18=01010101
W5
8=01011010
W38=01100110
W78=01101001
( W016,W
816)
( W416,W
1216)
( W216,W
1416)
( W616,W
1416)
( W116,W
916)
( W516,W1316)
( W316,W
1116)
( W716,W
1516)
The different Walsh codes
corresponding to different data rates
Physical Layer Of CDMA2000
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Internal Use66
y y
The Function of Reverse Pilot Channel Initialization
Tracing
Reverse Coherent Demodulation
Power Control Measurement
Base station enhances the received
performance and increases the capacity by
means of coherent demodulation of the
Reverse Pilot Channel.
MUX A
Pilot(all '0's)
Power Control Bit
N is the Spreading Rate number
Pilot PowerControl
Power Control Group
= 1536 NPN Chips
384 NPN Chips
Reverse Pilot Channel
Reverse Channel: R-PICH
Physical Layer Of CDMA2000
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Internal Use67
y y
The Function of R-EACH
initiate communication with the base station and to respond
to a Paging Channel message
transmit its access request
Reverse Channel: R-EACH
R-EACH DataReverse Pilot Channel
Preamble (All 0s) R-EACH Frame Data
T preamble
Physical Layer Of CDMA2000
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To support data traffic, the R-SCH has two unique characteristics:
only carry user traffic data and does not carry any signaling traffic
Should be set up and torn down rather quickly
Reverse Channel: R-SCH
R-FCH
R-SCH
Bursting data is coming
RC Combination Regulation
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Internal Use69
Radio
Configuration
Spreading
Rate
Max Data Rate*
(kbps)
Effective FEC
Code Rate
OTD
Allowed
FEC EncodingModulation
1** 1 9.6 1/2 No Conv. BPSK2** 1 14.4 3/4 No Conv BPSK3 1 153.6 1/4 Yes Conv and Turbo QPSK4 1 307.2 1/2 Yes Conv and Turbo QPSK5 1 230.4 3/8 Yes Conv and Turbo QPSK6 3 307.2 1/6 Yes Conv and Turbo QPSK7 3 614.4 1/3 Yes Conv and Turbo QPSK
8 3 460.8 1/4 or 1/3 Yes Conv and Turbo QPSK9 3 1036.8 1/2or 1/3 Yes Conv and Turbo QPSK
Radio
Configuration
Spreading
Rate
Max Data Rate*
(kbps)
Effective FEC
Code Rate
OTD
AllowedFEC Encoding Modulation
1** 1 9.6 1/3 No Conv 64-ary ortho
2** 1 14.4 1/2 No Conv 64-ary ortho
3 1 153.6 1/4 Yes Conv or Turbo BPSK
(307.2) (1/2)4 1 230.4 3.8 Yes Conv or Turbo BPSK
5 3 153.6 1/4 Yes Conv or Turbo BPSK
(614.4) (1/3)
6 3 460.8 1/4 Yes Conv or Turbo BPSK
(1036.8) (1/2)
Reverse Radio Configuration
Forward Radio Configuration
RC Combination Regulation
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Internal Use70
RC1 and RC2 corresponds respectively
to rate set 1 and rate set 2 in IS- 95A/B
system.
CDMA2000 Forward RC: RC1~RC5
Reverse RC: RC1~RC4
Rules:
Forward RC1, Reverse RC1
Forward RC2, Reverse RC2
Forward RC3 or RC4,Reverse RC3
Forward RC5, Reverse RC4
RC 1
RC 2
RC 3
RC 4
RC 5
RC 1
RC 2
RC 3
RC 4
RC 5
RC 3
RC 4
RC 4
RC 3
F-FCH RCs
R-DCCH/SCHRCsF-DCCH/SCHRCs
R-FCH RCs
Questions
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Internal Use71
How many types channels are there in I595 system ? And what
are the functions of these channels ?
What is the function of F-SCH and R-SCH in CDMA 2000 ?
The capacity of CDMA2000 is more than that of IS95, could you
give reasons?
How do you understand radio configuration ?
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Chapter 1 Introduction
Chapter 2 Principle of Spreading
Chapter 3 Technology of CDMA2000
Chapter 4 Physical Layer of CDMA2000
Chapter 5 Number Planning
Definition of Coverage Areas
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Internal Use73
Location area
MSC area
PLMN area
Service area
Sector
area
Cell area
MIN/IMSI (identity/international mobile subscriber identity )
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Internal Use74
Mobile subscriber identity/international mobile subscriber identity
For example, 0907550001/460030907550001
15 digits
3 digits 2 digits
IMSI
MCC MNCMSIN
NMSI
ESN (Electronic Serial Number)
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Internal Use75
023 17 182431
Manufacturers
numberRetained Equipment SN
A unique Electronic Serial Number (ESN) is used to identify single MS. An
ESN includes 32 bits and has the following structure:
For example, FD 03 78 0A (the 10th Motorola 378 mobile phone)
The equipment serial number is allocated by a manufacturer.
MDN (Mobile directory number)
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Internal Use76
CC + MAC + H 0H 1H 2H 3 + ABCD
International mobile subscriber DN
National valid mobile subscriber number
Mobile directory number
For example, 8613307550001
subscriber number
TLDN (Temporary local directory number)
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Internal Use77
+CC MAC H0H 1H2 ABC+ ++44
Temporary local directory numberFor example, 8613344755001
Location Area Identity (LAI)
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Internal Use78
PAGING message is broadcast within a local area, the size of which
depends on traffic, paging bearer capability, signaling flow , etc.
Format: MCC+MNC+LAC
MCC: Mobile Country Code, 3 digits. For example, China is 460.
MNC: Mobile Network Code, 2 digits. For example, the MNC ofUnicom is 03.
LAC: Location Area Code, a 2-byte-long hexadecimal BCD code.
0000 cannot be used with FFFE.
For example, 460030100
Global Cell Identity (GCI)
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The unique ID of a cell in PLMN
Format: LAI+CI
CI: Cell Identity, a 2-byte-long hexadecimal BCD code, pre
defined by the engineering department. The first 3 digits and the
last digit represent the base station number and the sector number
respectively. For an omni-directional site, the last digit of CI is 0.
For example, 4600301001230 shows base station number 123
contains an omni-directional site
SID/NID
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In the CDMA2000 1X network, the service area consists of systemsand networks that are identified respectively by the system
identification (SID) and network identification (NID).
The system judges whether the MS is roaming according to the SID
and NID.
NID= t
NID= u NID= v
SID=L
SID=N
SID=K
SID=M
Number Analyzing According toMDN t th
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BTS
BSCMSC1/VLR MSC2/VLRBSC
BTS
13316882234
Number Analysis1331688XXXX
Find HLR
MDN, get the
IMSI that can
be used to
query VLR
Location
According to IMSI,
allocate TLDN thatwill be sent back to
HLR
Transfe
r TLDN
to
MSC1
With
TLDN,
connect
to MSC2
With IMSI,
send paging
information
to B
Here is a call for you
HLR
Questions
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Please describe the number analyzing in CDMA2000 1X
system when a call is happening .
Summary
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The difference of three types of multi-access
The function of each process in
communication mode
Three key techniques The physical layer of IS95 and CDMA2000
The number analysis during a call
Summary
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