CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774
description
Transcript of CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774
![Page 1: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774
![Page 2: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Two Revolutions? Anti-Imperialist or Social/Domestic
![Page 3: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
KEY CONCEPTS• Prior to 1763, American capital goes across the
pond.• French and Indian War transformed the
relationship between Britain and the American colonies.
• American colonists were divided over what course of action to take.
• The Americans created a government, the Continental Congress, to address the deteriorating relationship between Britain and the colonies.
![Page 4: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
EUROPEAN COLONIES IN THE
NEW WORLD
![Page 5: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
• By mid 1700s, France and Britain in inter-imperialist struggle for dominance in N.A.
• French allied with Native American tribes (ex. Algonquin and Huron against Iroquois)
• Focal point of French and Indian War is the Ohio River Valley (stop westward expand.)
![Page 7: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
• Albany Congress created• Led by Benjamin Franklin• Goal was to keep Iroquois tribes loyal to
Britain• American colonial response to the French
became known as the Albany Plan of Union– Carryout diplomatic relations with tribes– Control public territory– Raise an army– Tax colonial citizens
![Page 10: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
• Albany Plan was not accepted:– Colonists too concerned about their
own interests– Unwilling to relinquish control to a
provincial congress– Created a foundation for future
colonial cooperation
![Page 11: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
• British defeat French in the French and Indian War
• Results of the Peace of Paris– Britain receive all of French Canada and all
territory south of Canada and east of the Miss.– France and Spain lose West Indian colonies– Britain received Florida from Spain– Spain receive from France its territory west of
the Mississippi, including control of New Orleans.
![Page 12: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
PROBLEMS INHERITED BY BRITAIN FOLLOWING THE
WAR
![Page 13: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
• Political and Economic problems for the British post war
• Large debt and a fiscal crisis, force British to respond to needs of empire building:– New land must be governed– Revenue must be raised to absorb costs
(citizens in Britain were already taxed heavily)– Native Americans in Appalachian region– French Canadians need to be assimilated– Economic competition from colonists
![Page 14: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
PRE-REVOLUTIONARY WARBRITISH POLICY IN THE
COLONIES
• Salutary neglect: 1750-1763• Limited intervention and management as
long as ‘mercantilist policy is profitable• Policies not challenged; infrequently
enforced, difficult to implement
![Page 15: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
British Mercantilist Policies Pre-1760 Period
• Overseeing trade: British Board of Trade• Navigation Laws – establishes British
authority to regulate colonial trade• The Wool (1669), Hat (1732) and Iron
(1750) Acts • The Molasses Act (1733) – Rum, not well
enforced
![Page 16: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
1763 – TURNING POINT• Cost of empire exceeding its benefits1. King George III appoints George Grenville
as Prime Minister. Under Grenville, Britain transforms political, economic and trade relationship w/ colonies.
2. Policy of Salutary Neglect is abandoned3. Proclamation of 1763
![Page 20: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
DISCONTENT ON THE FRONTIER
![Page 21: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
POST PROCLAMTION OF 1763 ACTS
• Sugar (Revenue) Act of 1764 – replaces ineffective Molasses Act of 1733
• Currency Act of 1764 – Forbade colonies from printing currency; all taxes had to be paid in hard (specie) currency
• Quartering Act – Provide food and supplies to British troops stationed in the colonies
![Page 23: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
• Stamp Act (1765) – Taxing all virtually all printed material
• Virginia’s Patrick Henry, ‘No taxation without representation’
• Raises up the colonial middle class• 1765- Nine colonies form the Stamp Act
Congress; issue a Declaration of Rights• Boycotts and rebellion groups like Sons and
Daughters of Liberty and the Loyal Nine
![Page 26: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
• Declaratory Act (1766) – Britain repeals the Stamp Act, but declares right to tax through:
‘virtual representation’
![Page 27: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
![Page 29: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
![Page 30: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
![Page 32: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
![Page 34: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
![Page 35: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
![Page 36: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
![Page 37: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
![Page 38: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
![Page 39: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
![Page 40: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
![Page 41: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
![Page 42: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
• Colonial response: – Boycott– Circular letter– John Dickinson, ‘Letters from a Pennsylvania
Farmer’ (1767)– Tar and Feathering– Boston Massacre (1770) – Crispus Attucks– Paul Revere and Sam Adams– Committees of correspondence- exchange of
ideas and unified response by colonial govt’s.
![Page 43: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
![Page 44: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
TEA TIME!!!
• Gaspee Incident• Boston Tea Party
– Tea prices fall dramatically– Parliament passes regulations to give British
East India Company monopoly on tea trade– December 16,1773 – Boston Tea Party– Governor Hutchinson returns to England
![Page 45: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
![Page 46: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
BRITISH RESPONSE:INTOLERABLE (COERCIVE) ACTS
OF 1774• The Boston Port Bill –
– closed the port of Boston; relocated customs house
• The Administration of Justice Act –– trials for royal officials held in Britain
• The Massachusetts Government Act-– limited right to organize freely; Crown
appointments
![Page 47: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
CHARLES TOWNSHEND
![Page 48: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
![Page 49: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
CHARLES TOWNSHEND
• British elites critical of Parliament’s appeasement of the colonies
• ‘Champaign Charlie’ new Prime Minister• Townshend Acts (1767)• Prices inflated to cover taxes• Suspended New York Assembly• American Board of Customs; admiralty
courts
![Page 50: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
![Page 51: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
![Page 52: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
![Page 53: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
![Page 54: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
• Quartering Act expands to include housing• The Quebec Act (1774)
– Purpose to incorporate French Canadians– Quebec’s boundary extended to the Ohio River– Catholicism recognized as official religion– Nonrepresentative government was established
• Condemned by colonists:– Feared precedent of nonrepresentative gov’t.– Resented territorial expansion– Offended by Crown’s recognition of
Catholicism
![Page 55: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
THE FIRST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS
• 12 colonies represented – most want peace• 3 distinct groups of delegates form
– Radicals; force Britain to accede to their demands or declare independence
– Moderates; relationship between colonies and Great Britain could be repaired
– Conservatives; colonial ‘grand council’ Galloway• Galloway Plan rejected opening way to radicals
![Page 56: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
![Page 57: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
• Use Thomas Jefferson's, A Summary View of the Rights of British America as philosophical inspiration– Parliament possessed no inherent authority to
tax colonists– The British Empire was a compact between the
itself and the colonies– Each colony possessed its own legislature
independent of Britain’s legislative authority– Collective allegiance to the king.
![Page 58: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
• Delegates adopted a statement of rights:– The Declaration of Resolves (originally enacted
in Massachusetts as the Suffolk Resolves)– Declare Intolerable Acts null and void– Recommend colonists arm themselves and
militias be formed– Boycott of British goods (“Associations”
formed in each colony)
![Page 59: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1774 - 1783
![Page 60: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
• KEY CONCEPTS:– Both British and Colonists had military,
political and economic disadvantages and advantages in the war
– The Battle of Saratoga was the turning point of the war; brings in French support.
– Black Americans played an important role in the war
– American victory did not fundamentally change the condition or status of blacks or women
![Page 61: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
![Page 62: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
• Thomas Gage, royal governor of Mass. dispatches troops to seize military supplies in Lexington and Concord.
• 8 militia killed at Lexington; over 300 British killed during battle at Concord
• Lexington and Concord has a lightning rod effect over the colonies
• Colonists begin organizing to confront the British
![Page 63: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
![Page 64: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
![Page 65: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
![Page 66: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
• Second Continental Congress assembles in Philadelphia
• Congress draws up military plans in the Declaration of the Causes and Necessities for Taking Up Arms– Army to be organized and led by George
Washington– Navy to be created to disrupt British shipping– Military expedition to be led by Benedict
Arnold to wrest Canada from British Empire
![Page 67: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
• Troops from both sides pour into Boston• Battle of Bunker Hill – British overtake and
drive-out Americans, but not after fierce battle.
• Colonists able to stand ground against European power
• Olive Branch Petition to King George III• Prohibitory Act:
– Declared all of the colonies in open rebellion and suspended all trade
![Page 68: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
![Page 69: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
![Page 70: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
![Page 71: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
![Page 72: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
![Page 73: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
![Page 74: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
![Page 75: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE
• Richard Henry Lee (VA.) introduces resolution
• Thomas Jefferson- – Influenced by Enlightenment thinkers– Preamble explains the necessity of
independence for the preservation of basic natural laws and rights (John Locke, Two Treatises of Government and Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s, Social Contract)
![Page 76: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
• Second part of the document lists a series of ‘abuses and usurpations’ by the king and his government
• King violated the social contract justifying the actions of the colonists
• Ends with informal declaration of war• Second Continental Congress appointed
committee to draft the first constitution of the United States – the Articles of Confederation
![Page 77: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
![Page 78: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
THE TREATY OF PARIS (1783)
• American diplomats: John Jay, Benjamin Franklin and John Adams
• Concerned over French interests• Terms:
– Britain formally and unconditionally recognizes independence of United States
– Boundaries established
![Page 79: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
• American fishing ships were given unlimited access to the waters off Newfoundland
• U.S. gov’t would not interfere legally with British creditors and merchants seeking to collect debts owed to them by Americans
• United States would compensate loyalists whose property had been confiscated during the war
![Page 80: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
![Page 81: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
• WOMEN and the REVOLUTION– Women’s rights not addressed by a major
reform movement until the mid-1800s– Will not get right to vote until 1919– Abigail Adams voices concern for lack of rights
for women– Women play major role in maintain economy– Ran family farms and businesses– Provided essential supplies– Nurses– Patriarchic Hal society survives
![Page 82: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
![Page 83: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
• BLACKS and the REVOLUTION– Many Founding Fathers (i.e. Washington and
Jefferson) owned slaves– Dr. Samuel Johnson, “How is it that the loudest
yelps for liberty come from the drivers of slaves?”
– Blacks fought on both sides of the war– Some had fought in French and Indian War– Continental Congress prohibited blacks from
serving in the Cont. Army (south pressure)– 5,500 fought for the American side (segregated)
![Page 84: CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: 1650 – 1774](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815d5a550346895dcb6567/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
Two Revolutions? Anti-Imperialist or Social/Domestic