Caries management by risk assessment: The CaMBRA ... · Caries management by risk assessment: The...
Transcript of Caries management by risk assessment: The CaMBRA ... · Caries management by risk assessment: The...
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© Stuart A. Gansky 2006
Caries management by risk assessment: The CaMBRA randomized clinical trial
Principal Investigator:John D. B. Featherstone
Co-investigators: Stuart A. Gansky, Chuck Hoover, Marcia Rapozo-Hilo,Kim Tran, Jane A. Weintraub, Joel White, Robert Wilson, Ling Zhan
Mentored students: Lawrence Li, Gloria Khoo, Maureen Khoo, Dan Walton
Support: US DHHS/NIH/NIDCR R01 DE 12455In-kind: OMNII Pharmaceuticals, Oral B, Proctor & Gamble
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© Stuart A. Gansky 2006
Background:Background:The Caries BalanceThe Caries Balance
Protective Factors• Saliva flow & components• Fluoride - remineralization• Antibacterials:chlorhexidine, xylitol, new?
No CariesCaries
Pathological Factors• Acid-producing bacteria• Frequent eating/drinking fermentable carbohydrates •Sub-normal saliva flow & function
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© Stuart A. Gansky 2006
chinowaKyoto, Japan June 2001
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Overall Aim of the Study
The overall objective of the study was: To provide clinical evidence that caries risk assessment with aggressive preventive and therapeutic measures can restore the balance between caries pathological and protective factors, thereby reducing new caries formation over 2 years
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Caries Management Study
3 72
Visit 1DMFS
Radiographs
Con
trol
Inte
rven
tion
Final DMFSRadiographs
Randomization
Restorations, Antibacterial
+/-Fluoride Rinses
All Restorations
Complete
2
4-6
Conventional Tx Plan
Restorations
3 7
Final DMFSRadiographs
All Restorations
Complete
4-6
2 YearsSalivary MS, LB, F every visit
Visit:
Visit:
Salivary MS, LB, F every visit
high med low
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Methods – Study Enrollment
•3 yr randomized clinical trial: 231 adults (18+ yrs)•Eligibility: 16+ teeth, 1-7 cavities, no root caries
•Restorations completed (RC) in average of 12 mo•Saliva samples (paraffin stimulated) every 6 mo:
selective microbiology (MS & LB, CFU/ml saliva) fluoride (F, ppm)
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© Stuart A. Gansky 2006
Methods – Tx GrpsPreventive Intervention (PI) Group (n=116)
Chlorhexidine gluconate (0.12%) rinse, 1/day for 2 weeks every 3 months (or 1 week / month) based on salivary MS and LB levels
Fluoride mouthrinse daily (0.05% NaF) based on salivary F level
Control (C) Group - conventional care (n=115)No fluoride or chlorhexidine rinse suppliedProviders unaware of salivary assay results
•2 year follow-up after RC to final examination•Final examination (1 calibrated examiner - JAW)
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Log10 (Mutans Strep + 1) (CFU/ml)
Overall Caries Risk
F > 0.08 ppmLow < 4.0
Medium4.0 – <6.0
High> 6.0
Low< 1.3
Low Medium High
Medium1.3 – <3.0
Medium Medium High
High> 3.0
Medium High High
Log10(LB +1) (CFU/ml)
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Decayed Surfaces vs. log MS and log LB
High Bacterial Challenge
Baseline Bacterial Levels vs Decay
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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 70
1
2
3
4
5
Log MS Control
Log MS Intervention
Visit # - 6 month intervals
(CHX +/- F)
Restorations
Log MS vs Time Mean (SE)
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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 70
1
2
3
4
5
Log LB ControlLog LB Intervention
Visit # - 6 month intervals
Restorations
Log LB vs Time Mean (SE)
(CHX +/- F)
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Final Caries Status Related to Baseline Bacterial Levels CaMRA Randomized Clinical Trial
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© Stuart A. Gansky 2006
Final Caries Status Related to Baseline Bacterial Levels CaMRA Randomized Clinical Trial
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Final Caries Status Related to Bacterial Levels 6 Months Prior CaMRA Randomized Clinical Trial
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Final Caries Status Related to Bacterial Levels 6 Months Prior CaMRA Randomized Clinical Trial
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Mean (SE) ΔDMFS, ΔDFS
0
1
2
3
4
5 p = 0.106
p = 0.097
n=52
n=57
n=52
n=57
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Limitations• Lower enrollment than (231 not 296),
but better retention than planned slightly smaller sample size (109 not 122)
• Compliance
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© Stuart A. Gansky 2006
Overall Conclusions• Oral MS challenge stays essentially the same
even after restoring all teeth with cavities
• Chlorhexidine gluconate (0.12%) +/- F (0.05% NaF) intervention is valuable during and after treatment to reduce caries risk status
• Caries risk status can be determined from MS, LB counts and F concentration in saliva
• Favorably altering the Caries Balance somewhat reduces subsequent caries levels
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Did We Prove Our Hypothesis?
This randomized clinical trial: provided clinical evidence that caries risk assessment with aggressive preventive and therapeutic measures can beneficially alter the balance between caries pathological and protective factors somewhat reducing new caries formation over 2 years
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Reflections? Questions?
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