CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM MULTIPLE CHOICE

QUESTIONS

BYDr KHALED SALEH

ALGARIRI2014

WHICH IS TRUE OR FALSE?

The following are major risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis:

A. cigarette smoking

B. diabetes mellitus

C. hypocholesterolaemia

D. hypertension

E. female sex

Ans T T F T F

WHICH IS TRUE OR FALSE?Fatty streaks in the aorta

A. contain lipid which is predominantly extracellular

B. often appear in the first year of life

C. Contain a proliferation of smooth muscle cells

D. are rare in Third World populations

E. are usually greater than 10 mm in diamete

Ans F T F T F

WHICH IS TRUE OR FALSE?

Predisposing factors for intravascular thrombosisA. myocardial infarction

B. factor VIII deficiency

C. bed rest

D. thrombophilia

E. heart failure

ANS T F T T T

WHICH IS TRUE OR FALSE?

The following may be complications of myocardial infarction cerebral infarction

A. haematuria

B. myocardial rupture

C. ventricular fibrillation

D. hypertension

Ans T T T F

WHICH IS TRUE OR FALSE?

The following are major risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis:

A. cigarette smoking

B. diabetes mellitus

C. hypocholesterolaemia

D. hypertension

E. female sex

Ans T T F T F

Which of the following is not essential fatty acids?

(A) Oleic acid

(B) Linoleic acid

(C) Arachidonic acid

(D) Linolenic acid

When choline of lecithin is replaced by ethanolamine, the product is

(A) Spingomyelin

(B) Cephalin

(C) Plasmalogens

(D) Lysolecithin

The essential fatty acids retard

(A) Atherosclerosis

(B) Diabetes mellitus

(C) Nepritis

(D) Oedema

The majority of absorbed fat appears in the forms of

(A) HDL

(B) Chylomicrone

(C) VLDL

(D) LDL

All the following statements correctly describe ketone bodies except

(A) They may result from starvation

(B) They are present at high levels in uncontrolled

diabetes

(C) They include—OH β-butyrate and acetone

(D) They are utilized by the liver during long term starvation

All the following statements regarding ketone bodies are true except

(A) They may result from starvation

(B) They are formed in kidneys

(C) They include acetoacetic acid and acetone

(D) They may be excreted in urine

Ketosis in partly ascribed to

(A) Over production and Glucose

(B) Under production of Glucose

(C) Increased carbohydrate utilization

(D) Increased fat utilization

Why do patients with diabetes mellitus develop hyperlipidemia?

A. Because they have increases in low density lipoproteins (LDL) and triglycerides ( TG)

B. Because they have decreased low density lipoproteins (LDL) and increased triglycerides (TG)

C. Because they have decreased low density lipoproteins (LDL) and increased high density lipoproteins (HDL)

D. Because they have increased high density lipoproteins (-HDL) and decreased triglycerides (TG)

_____ are manufactured by the liver and primarily contains cholesterol and protein.

A. Very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL)

B. Low-density lipoproteins (LDL)

C. High-density lipoproteins (HDL)

D. Triglycerides (TG)

Which of the following risk factors is associated with a twofold increase in the risk for coronary artery disease death and up to a sixfold risk for stroke?

A. Diabetes mellitus

B. Hypertension

C. Obesity

D. High alcohol consumption

Which value may be protective for the development of atherosclerosis ?A. High values of very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL)

B. High values of low-density lipoproteins (LDL)

C. High values of high-density lipoproteins (HDL)

D. High values of triglycerides (TG)

Which lab test is an indirect measure of atherosclerotic plaque?

A. Homocysteine

B. Low-density lipoproteins (LDL)

C. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)

D. C reactive protein (CPR)

When scar tissue replaces the myocardium after a myocardial infarction (MI), the forming scar tissue is very mushy and vulnerable to injury at about day _____ after MI.

A. 5 to 9

B. 10 to 14

C. 15 to 20

D. 20 to 30

An individual is demonstrating elevated levels of troponin, creatine kinase (CK), and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH). These elevated levels indicate:

A. myocardial ischemia.

B. hypertension.

C. myocardial infarction.

D. coronary artery disease.

Which of the following is NOT one of the risk factors for coronary heart disease?

A. hypertension

B. high serum cholesterol

C.cigarette smoking

D. alcohol consumption

A 34-year-old female has been diagnosed with type 1 hyperlipidemia.Which of the following lipoprotein concentration is elevated in suchdisorder ?*

A. VLDL

B IDL

C. LDL

D. Chylomicrons

E. All of the above

In Abetalipoproteinemia (a rare disease), lipoproteins containing Apo B are not formed and lipid droplets accumulate in the intestine and liver. Which of the following lipoproteins does not contain Apo B protein?

A. LDL

B. IDL

C. HDL

D.Chylomicrons

E. Lp(a)

Which of the following apo proteins is an activator of LCAT?

a) Apo A

b) Apo B

c) Apo C II

d) Apo A- I

e) Apo E

A patient with hereditary type I hyperlipidemia presents with elevated levels of chylomicrons and VLDL triglycerides in the blood. The main function of the chylomicrons in circulation is to do which of the following?

A.Transport lipids from the liver

B.Transport dietary lipids from the intestine to target tissues

C.Transport cholesterol from IDL to LDL

D.Act as a receptor for triacylglycerols in the liver

E.Bind cholesterol esters exclusively

A teenage boy presents with moderate to severe epigastric pain. Physical examination reveals extensive eruptive xanthomas and hepatosplenomegaly. A blood sample reveals milky plasma. Which of the following is the most likely lipoprotein to be elevated in this patient ‘s plasma?

a) Chylomicrons

b) Chylomicron remnants

c) HDL

d) IDL

e) LDL

A 25-year-old female was referred to a lipid research center for investigation of moderate hypertriglyceridemia because the plasma lipid and lipoprotein profiles showed abnormalities. Both HDL and LDL were more buoyant and showed elevations in TG content with the mass of TG approximately the same as that of cholesterol. A deficiency in which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient’ s lipid abnormality?

A. Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT)

B. Lipoprotein lipase

C. Apoprotein C-II

D. Hepatic lipase

E. Apoprotein B-100

A 60 -year-old woman presents with chest pain radiating to her left arm. She is diagnosed with Myocardial infarction and is prescribed a statin medication. Statins inhibit HMG Co A reductase. How does inhibition of HMG Co A reductase cause lowering of cholesterol and LDL levels ?

a) It increase serum level of HDL

b) It decreases serum level of LDL by promoting catabolism

c) It inhibits the formation of LDL from IDL

d) It inhibits the rate limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis

e) It inhibits synthesis of LDL receptors.

A 23-year-old female presents with low red blood cell count,

corneal opacities and kidney insufficiency. She is diagnosed with

lecithin: cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) deficiency. In which of

the following reactions LCAT is involved ?

a) Transfer of cholesterol esters from HDL to VLDL

b) Hydrolysis of HDL

c) Uptake of cholesterol from liver cells

d) Converting cholesterol to Cholesteryl esters

e) Promoting uptake of HDL in to liver cells

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