OUR

POWERPOINT

PROJECT

ON-

CARBON AND ITS COMPOUNDS

SUBMITTED TO:-

MRS. ANITA

GROUP NO.-7LEADER - RIBHA (47)Members – vasu (9)

arsh (49)guransh (48)Oisa (18)Vivek (26)Dewak (37)

What IsCarbon???

CARBON is the chemicalelement with symbol C and atomic number 6. As a member of group 14 on the periodic table, it isnonmetallic and tetravalent—making four electrons available to form covalent chemical bonds. Thereare three naturally occurring isotopes, with 12C and 13C being stable, while 14C is radioactive.

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ORIGIN OF CARBON IN NATURE ….. The Earth’s Crust, has only 0.02%carbon in the form of

minerals(like carbonates, bicarbonates, coal, andpetroleum).

The atmosphere has only 0.03% of Carbon Dioxide.

In spite of its small amount available in nature, carbonis a Versatile Element as it forms the basis for all living

organisms and many things which we use.

It is also present in our body in different forms like carbohydrates, fats etc. with 23%.

Four main reason :-

a)Catenation – The self linking property of

Carbon with other carbon atoms giving rise to

large molecules.

b)Tetracovalency– Having 4

electrons in outermost

shell.

Four main reason :-

c)Multiple Bond Formation – Formation of

unsaturated compounds due to double or

triple bonds.

d)Isomerism – A phenomenon by which a

compound has same chemical formulae, but

different structural formulae

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GRAPHITE DIAMOND FULLERENESS

Atomic no. of Carbon= 6Electronic Configuration has 2 electrons in K shell and 4electrons in L shell.It can not lose 4 electrons because it requires a lot ofenergy.In case of gaining 6 protons cannot hold 10 electrons.Therefore, it share 4 electrons to become stable.These are called covalent bonds.It is a strong, insoluble, insulating compound.

SATURATED

• Single bond between two atoms.

• Alkanes are saturated.

• Example:-methane, propane etc.

UNSATURATED

• Double bond between two atoms.

• Alkenes and Alkynes.

• Example:-ethene, propyne etc.

ALKANESSaturated Covalent Compounds.Single Bond Between Two Carbon Atoms.Form A Homologous Series.Use The Prefix –Ane.

Functional Groups…

Some Functional Groups

Homologous Series

•Series of compound in whichthe same functional groupsubstitutes for hydrogen in acarbon chain.•Two consecutive compoundsdiffer in mass by 14u.•Two consecutive compoundsdiffer by CH2.•They have similar chemicalproperties.•They have different physicalproperties.

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF

CARBON COMPOUNDS

Some uses & productsof carbon

Soaps and Synthetic Detergents-

Soaps and detergents are substances used for cleaning .