Candace Attwood. Many different places use some form of the abacus, including: Russia Egypt Rome...
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Transcript of Candace Attwood. Many different places use some form of the abacus, including: Russia Egypt Rome...
Amazing Art of the Abacus: Addition and Subtraction Made Easy
Candace Attwood
About the Abacus Many different places use some form of the abacus, including:
Russia Egypt Rome Germany China Japan Greece United States
Different kinds of abaci include Suan Pan (China) Soroban (Japan) Schoty (Russia) Nepohualtzitzin (Aztec civilisation) Among others
More about the Abacus
The word ‘abacus’ is said to have originated from either the Hebrew or Latin languages: ‘abaq’ is Hebrew for ‘dust’ (as calculations were
performed in the dirt or with stones) ‘abax’ is Latin for ‘table’ (derived from the Greek)
In the Asian countries, ‘soroban’ and ‘suan pan’ both mean ‘calculating board’.
Parts of the Abacus
How to Add/Subtract with the Abacus
*Watch Candace demonstrate using her homemade soroban
Usefulness in the Classroom
Easier for kids to learn more about: Place value Multiplication Division Addition Subtraction Different Cultures
What Kids Can Take from This
Abacus is a means to represent numbers in a different manner.
Kids can manipulate objects to make learning some concepts easier.
Kids can learn how to do mental math easier (learn how to utilise ‘imaginary abacus’).
Just for Fun (if there is time)
Awesome video showing a math class in Japan, and use of their ‘imaginary abacus’: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wIiDomlEjJw
References Chen, C., Wu, T., Cheng, M., Huang, Y., Sheu, C., Hsieh, J., et al. (2006). Prospective demonstration of brain plasticity after intensive
abacus-based mental calculation training: An fMRI study. Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A, 569(2), 567-571. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6TJM-4KY8785-C&_user=2665553&_coverDate=12%2F20%2F2006&_rd
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Krampner, J. (1993). Ancient abacus: Elegant, accurate, fun to operate. DollarSense, 10. http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid=8&hid=15&sid=5b257588-6dad-4f37-8a64-94167df57c5b%40sessionmgr10&bdata=JnNpd
GU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=aph&AN=9403117506 Chen, F., Hu, Z., Zhao, X., Wang, R., Yang, Z., Wang, X., et al. (2006). Neural correlates of serial abacus mental calculation in children: A
functional MRI study. Neuroscience Letters, 403(1/2), 46-51. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=PublicationURL&_tockey=%23TOC%234862%232006%23995969998%23626902%23FLA%2
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Irwing, P., Hamza, A., Khaleefa, O., & Lynn, R. (2008). Effects of Abacus training on the intelligence of Sudanese children. Personality &
Individual Differences, 45(7), 694-696. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleListURL&_method=list&_ArticleListID=1334792426&_sort=v&_st=17&view=c&_acct=
C000058484&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=2665553&md5=b4a1685a5c01934f9b657f2c696266fb Naylor, M., & Naylor, P. (2001). Building and Using the Amazing Abacus. (cover story). Teaching Children Mathematics, 8(4), 202. http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid=3&hid=14&sid=92688b19-d6ff-4b9d-94e5-37773683ee20%40sessionmgr14&bdata=JnNpd
GU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=tfh&AN=5569296 http://www.tertisco-alexandru.com/images/abacus-parts.gif http://www.cut-the-knot.org/blue/Abacus.shtml