Cable fault locator TDR-TA4 - Impact Instruments

Cable fault locator TDR-TA4.7

USER MANUAL

Safety Information Implemented Measurement Methods

Cable fault locator TDR-TA4.7 User Manual of 67

Safety Information

ATTENTION!

Before you start please check out the User Manual carefully

DANGER: - High Voltage!

The device should only be used by a qualified personnel

The operator of the device must comply with all safety precautions listed in this User

Manual in order to ensure own safety and the safety of other people in the work area immediate

vicinity.

Mishandling can result in serious injury or death.

The device has an open inputs.

When you connect the TDR-TA4.7, make sure that

there is no voltage on the line.

Cable fault locator TDR-TA4.7 User Manual of 67

Designations and Contractions Implemented Measurement Methods

1. Designations and Contractions

HVPG - high-voltage pulse generator

PF – Propagation Factor

HVL - High-voltage testing laboratory

PC – personal computer

UM – User Manual

TC – technical conditions

MC – measuring channel

MEC – memory channel

Introduction Implemented Measurement Methods

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2. Introduction

This UM is a document certifying guaranteed by the manufacturer the basic parameters and

technical characteristics of the сable fault locator TDR-TA4.7 (hereinafter the TDR-TA4.7).

UM is intended for acquaintance with the TDR-TA4.7 device and the principle of operation

and sets the operating rules, compliance with which maintains the device in constant readiness for

action.

Persons with secondary technical education are admitted to work with the device, with

experience in electrical appliances for general purposes.

Due to constant improvement of produced instruments, Technoac LLC reserves the right to

change schematics, software and user manuals, without degradation of performance characteristics for

its devices, without preliminary notification. Separate changes in user manual content may be

implemented after its reissue.

Up-to-date information about all produced instruments is published on www.technoac.com

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Application Area Implemented Measurement Methods

Cable fault locator TDR-TA4.7 User Manual

3. Application Area

TDR-TA4.7 is intended for the following measurements on balanced and unbalanced cables:

cable length measurement and cable continuity tests;

measurement of the distance to the heterogeneity of the cable impedance or low-resistance fault,

using the pulse (TDR) method;

measurement of the distance to the high-resistance fault, using the Arc Reflection Method (ARM)

in complex with the high-voltage pulse generator (HVPG) (Arc Discharge Generator GI-TA or

similar generator from the high-voltage test laboratory);

measurement of the distance to the high resistivity fault, using the Impulse Current Method

(ICM) or Decay Method in complex with the high-voltage pulse generator (HVPG) (Arc

Discharge Generator GI-TA or similar generator from the high-voltage test laboratory);

measurement of the velocity factor of the line at a known length;

determination of fault’s nature;

recording into internal storage and playback of at least 300 waveforms for subsequent processing

in stationary conditions;

Specifications and Characteristics Implemented Measurement Methods


4. Specifications and Characteristics

Measurement results are displayed on the color TFT screen with a resolution of 640 x 480

pixels.

Distance measuring range (time delay) from 0 to 128000 m (from 0 to 1280 µs).

Measuring sub-ranges:

0 – 62,5 m (0 – 0,625 µs); 0 – 125 m (0 – 1,25 µs); 0 - 250 m (0 – 2,5 µs);

0 - 500 m (0 -5 µs); 0 - 1000 m (0 - 10 µs); 0 - 2000 m (0 - 20 µs);

0 - 4000 m (0 - 40 µs); 0 - 8000 m (0 - 80 µs); 0 - 16000 m (0 - 160 µs);

0 - 32000 m (0 - 320 µs); 0 - 64000 m (0 - 640 µs), 0 - 128000 m (0 - 1280 µs).

Measurement permissible relative error of the distance (time delay) in the normal range of

temperatures from 15 °C to 25 °C are ± 0.2% of the sub-range value.

Measurement permissible relative error of the distance (time delay) in the operating range of

temperatures from -20 to 15 °С and from 25 to 40 °С are ± 0,4 % of the sub- range value.

Probing pulse parameters with positive polarity are shown in Table 2-1.

Table 2-1

Probing pulse

parameters

Pulse

10 ns 20 ns 50 ns 100 ns 200 ns 500 ns 1 µs 2 µs 5 µs 10 µs 20 µs 50 µs 100 µs

τи, µs

≤ 0,01

≤ 0,02

≤ 0,05 0,1 ±

0,01

0,2 ±

0,02

0,5 ±

0,05

1,0 ±

0,01

2 ±

0,2

5 ±

0,5

10 ±

1,0

20 ±

2,0

50 ±

5,0

100 ±

10,0

Τн, ns,

no more than

10

10

15

15

20

20

25

30

30

30

30

30

30

U1, В, not less than 9,0 9,0 9,0 9,0 9,0 9,0 9,0 9,0 9,0 9,0 9,0 9,0 9,0

U2, В, not less than * 43,0 43,0 43,0 43,0 43,0 43,0 43,0 43,0 43,0 43,0 43,0 *

* Note: The parameters of the probe pulse in U2 mode, with durations 10 ns and 100 µs are not

standardized.

Measurement relative error of the Propagation Factor (PF) ± 0,4% in the range of PF value

from 1.000 to 3.000.

Receiver sensitivity in all sub-bands of at least 10 mV (provided that signal level is twice

noise level)

Asynchronous noise suppression - averaging 1 to 64.

Non-volatile memory capacity - traces of at least 300, at least 500 velocity factors.

Measuring input impedance TDR - 75 ohms (fixed).

Operation mode setup time less than 15 seconds.

Specifications and Characteristics Implemented Measurement Methods


Continuous running TDR-TA4.7 from the battery ACC1 at least 6 hours (or at least 10 hours

from the battery ACC2) and depends on the condition of the battery. Continuous running via

AC adapter is not limited.

Maximum electric power consumed by the TDR-TA4.7 while charging the battery, not more than

40 W.

Overall dimensions of the TDR-TA4.7 is not more than:

length - 363 mm

width - 295 mm

height - 170 mm

Weight of TDR-TA4.7 with built-in battery no more than 3.5 kg

TDR-TA4.7 is a compact device designed to work in indoor and outdoor conditions.

TDR-TA4.7 meets climatic conditions Group 4 GOST 22261:

operating temperature range from -20 to 40 °C;

relative humidity 98%, at 25 °C;

transportation and storage conditions from -50 to 50 °C.

TDR-TA4.7 is stable and resistant to the sinusoidal vibration in frequency range from 10 Hz

to 55 Hz.

TDR-TA4.7 meets conditions Group 4 GOST 22261.

TDR-TA4.7 is powered by the built-in Li-Ion battery (7,2 ± 0,7)V 7,0A. The design of the

TDR-TA4.7 provides control of battery discharge and automatic device shut down in 2, 4,

8, 32 or 64 minutes of idle time.

TDR-TA4.7 does not emit toxic gases and audio noise.

Reliability:

MTBF - at least 6000 hours.

Service life - at least 5 years.

Delivery Contents Implemented Measurement Methods


5. Delivery Contents

The set of TDR-TA4.7 includes:

Quantity

Cable fault locator TDR-TA4.7 1 item

AC Adapter 12 V 1 item

Connecting cable 75 Ohm, 3 m, BNC.M - «Alligator» with a working width

of 25.4 mm

1 item

Connecting cable 75 Ohm, 1 m, BNC.M-BNC.M 2 items

User Manual 1 item

Accessories bag 1 item

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Design And Implemented Measurement Methods Implemented Measurement Methods

Cable fault locator TDR-TA4.7 User Manual

6. Design And Implemented Measurement Methods

6.1. Implemented Measurement Methods

6.1.1. Cable fault locator (TDR) Method

The instrument uses a Time Domain Reflectometry method (TDR), which is based on the

phenomenon of a partial reflection of electromagnetic waves by the impedance irregularities in the line.

When applying the TDR method a rectangular probe pulse generated by the pulse generator is sent

into the line. Probe pulse propagating through the cable line, completely or partly reflected from the

fault area in the line (impedance irregularities) and returns to the receiver input. Reflection waveform

is observed on the screen and allows to determine the type of the fault (see Table 6-2) and the distance

to it. The reflected pulses are returned to the device after a certain time from the moment of sending

the probe pulse.

Knowing the speed of electromagnetic wave propagation along the line, and the time delay of

the reflected signal (measured by the device), we can calculate the distance to the impedance

irregularity.

L td c

1 td c

VoP td

here, 2 PF 2 100 2

L – Distance to the impedance irregularity, m.

v – Propagation speed of electromagnetic wave in the line, m/µs;

PF – Propagation Factor, c/v

VoP – Velocity of Propagation , (v/c)*100%

td – Measured time delay of the reflected signal, µs;

с – Speed of light is equal to 299,8 m/µs;

Impedance irregularities are the result of violations manufacturing technology of cables as

well as a consequence of mechanical and electrical hazards during the construction and operation of

the cable lines. Any cable device (couple, split, joint, Pupin coil, etc.) cause irregularity of the line

impedance.



The impedance irregularities may be caused by any cable devices (couple, joint, Pupin coil,

etc.) or faults (open, short, partial open, partial shot, wetting core of the cable, leaks to the ground, split

pairs, etc.). TDR method allows to fix multiple irregularities both lumped and lengthy, depending

on the ratio of their length and the minimal wavelength of the spectrum of the probe pulse.

The instrument generate a probe pulse with positive polarity amplitude is not less than 10V (U1

mode), or not less than 45V (U2 mode) (see Table 4-1). The probe pulse width is automatically adjusted

according to the selected sub-range (see Table 6-1). Furthermore, pulse width can be set manually

by the user.

TDR-TA4.7 automatically calculates the distance, according to the velocity factor

and measurement cursors positions on the screen. The distance measurement error is determined by

the sampling step of the instrument and by the velocity factor setting error.

Sampling step for each sub-range is set by default in such a way that the viewing window got

whole sub-range used by (see. Table 6-1). Sampling step can be adjusted (reduced or increased)

manually by the operator to minimize the instrumental error.

PF с

v

here,

The velocity factor value is depends of the type of cable.

PF – Propagation Factor;

v – Propagation speed of electromagnetic wave in the line, m/µs;

с – Speed of light is equal to 299,8 m/µs;

ε – Dielectric constant of the cable insulation.

Propagation speed can be determined experimentally, knowing in advance the distance (L) to

any irregularity (e.g., cable length or distance before the coupling). In this case, the inverse problem

is solved that way:

2 L

t3

PF с

2 L

t3



Additional errors are due to the distortion of the reflected signal in the lines with a frequency-

dependent losses. The measurement error affects the nature of irregularity, its value, the existence of

several irregularities in the line.

Table 6-1 Sub-bands-measurement range

Sub-range, m Default pulse width, ns Sampling step, m

PF=1.5 (VOP=66%)

Minimal sampling step, m

PF=1.5 (VOP=66%)

0 – 62,5 10 0,125 0,125

0 – 125 10 0,250 0,125

0 – 250 20 0,500 0,125

0 – 500 50 1,000 0,125

0 – 1000 100 2,000 0,250

0 – 2000 200 4,000 0,500

0 – 4000 500 8,000 1,000

0 – 8000 1000 16,000 2,000

0 – 16000 2000 32,000 4,000

0 – 32000 5000 64,000 8,000

0 – 64000 10000 128,000 16,000

0 - 128000 20000 256,000 32,000



Table 6-2 Waveforms of the typical irregularities.

Waveform Description

The first cursor points to the probe pulse.

The second cursor points to the reflection from irregularity with

high impedance, which corresponds to the cable break

(COMPLIT OPEN).



low impedance (reflection with inversed signal polarity), which

corresponds to a short circuit in the cable (DEAD SHORT).



increased impedance, followed by a complete cable break.

(PARTIAL OPEN)



decreased impedance, followed by a complete cable break

(PARTIAL SHORT).


The current waveform shows three joints on a cable. A joint,

marked by the second cursor is defective, it can be clearly seen

on the level of reflection.

The presence of a faulty amplifier in the line results an increased

reflection from the amplifier. The signal must terminate on the

amp, but it’s possible an additional reflection (phantom) of the

amplifier.



Couplers in the cable can cause measurement errors due to

multiple reflections. On the waveform cursor marks the coupler.

Two differently directed reflected signals indicate the two

segments of the coupler.

Additional resistance or weld rise to an S-shaped reflection on the

trace. Reflection from increased impedance followed by

reflection from decreased impedance.

Well matched cable including cable terminator fully absorbs

signal reflections. This waveform guarantees the normal cable

terminator choice, which does not cause reflection.

Wet cable is recognized as an area with the random reflection. The

beginning of this area shows a second cursor corresponds to the

beginning of the wet region.

Increasing humidity in the cables leads to the appearance of the noises

in the waveform.

Note to Table 6-2: The amplitudes of the pulses are given in the appropriate proportions at the

same amplification.



6.1.2. Arc Reflection Method (ARM)

Localization of the cable faults with a high transient resistance (R>10 kOhm) is usually difficult

when using low-voltage TDR method. One of the ways for localization such defects in power

cables is an Arc Reflection Method (ARM).

Picture 6.1 Diagram of the implementation of an Arc Reflection Method

Implementation of ARM method is carried out with the additional equipment: high-voltage

pulse generator (HVPG) and the special connecting device (as an external unit or internal HVPG

unit).

The essence of the ARM method is in creating conditions (using HPVG) for the occurrence

electric arc (breakdown) for a short time (few milliseconds) in the point of the fault. Synchronously

with the burning arc (sync signal obtained from HPVG) reflectometer performs sensing. The TDR’s

probe pulse is reflected from a low resistance of the arc with inverted polarity (like shorted circuit).

For easy identification of the fault location, waveform without breakdown (high transient

resistance at the point of the defect) and waveform during breakdown (low transient resistance at the

point of the defect) are compared.



6.1.3. Oscillatory Discharge Methods (ODM)

Localization of the cable faults caused self-healing insulation breakdown is usually difficult

when using low-voltage TDR method. One of the ways for localization such defects in power cables is

an Oscillatory Discharge Methods (ODM): Impulse Current Method (ICE) and Decay travelling wave

method (DECAY).

Picture 6.2 Diagram of the implementation of an Oscillatory Discharge method

The methods of oscillatory discharge (ICE, DECAY) are based on the measuring period of

oscillatory processes occurring in the breakdown of the charged cable. Implementation of the

methods is carried out using the optional equipment: the high-voltage pulse generator (HVPG) and a

special connecting device (as an external block or internal HVPG unit).

The essence of the method is: HVPG raises voltage in the cable until the breakdown

occurred. The defect causes a breakdown of the insulation at the site of the fault, causing a spark,

which has low resistance and the oscillatory discharge in the cable occurs. Knowing the speed of

electromagnetic wave propagation (v) in the line and the period of oscillation process (Top), we can

calculate the distance to the breakdown (L):

L T

op

2

To achieve the highest accuracy only the first oscillation period is selected.

Design And Implemented Measurement Methods

Product View

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6.2. Product View

The product view is provided on the Figure 6-3.

Figure 6-3 TDR-TA4.7 Product View

Design And Implemented Measurement Methods Interface Controls


6.3. Interface Controls

6.3.1. Overview

All controls and connectors of the instrument are located on the front panel, shown in Figure 6-4:

a) Display (par. 6.3.3) - color TFT screen with a resolution of 640 x 480 pixels;

b) "Reset" button is designed to forcibly turn off the power of the instrument;

c) 24 -Button keypad (tab. 4-4) for controlling the device via the GUI;

d) Input / Output BNC Connectors, 3 х 75 ohm female (par. 6.3.2);

e) USB socket – provides socket for data exchange and additional devices;

f) Charge Connector – provides DC -12 V socket to the instrument charge adapter;

g) Charge Indicator – provides charging status of battery through LED indication.

Figure 6-4 TDR-TA4.7 front panel.



6.3.2 Connectors

All connectors of the instrument are located on the front panel:

TDR connector (input/output, 75 ohm, BNC female) - for connecting the instrument to the

cable either directly or through the appropriate HPVG socket (TDR socket on GI-TA);

TRIG connector (input, 75 ohm, BNC female) - for receiving Sync signal from the

appropriate HPVG output (TRIG socket on GI-TA), when using ARM method;

WAVE connector (input, 75 ohm, BNC female) - for receiving signal from the appropriate

HPVG output (WAVE socket on GI-TA), when using ODM methods (ICE, DECAY);

Charge Connector (DC 12 V) – provides connecting with external power supply for battery

charging;

Charge Indicator – provides charging status of the internal TDR-TA4.7 battery through LED

indication;

USB-A connector to connect an external USB-flash drive for data exchange.



6.3.3 Display. GUI Structure Overvie

The device is equipped with a TFT-display 10'' (640x480 pixels).

The upright side of the screen of the TDR-TA4.7, displays internal battery status and current

date and time. The left and bottom sides displays Screen Selectors (current function of the

corresponding key "F1"-"F10" ) which are used for set and control the operating parameters of the

device. In the central part of the screen are displayed the waveforms and measurement Cursors.

The GUI structure is shown on the figure below:

Figure 6-5 GUI structure



6.3.4 Keyboard

The TDR-TA4.7 is equipped with a context sensitive keyboard (24 keys):

Table 6-3 (part 1 of 2)

Button Functions

Turn ON/OFF the instrument.

F1 - F10 Activate the Selector, located next to the button.

In the CHANNELS window – SHIFT UP of the selected waveform.

In the PARAMS window – INCREASE the value of the active Selector: Scale, Pulse Width,

Velocity Factor, Averaging, Gain, Offset Input Delay, Threshold.

In the WAVEFORMS LIBRARY, CABLES LIBRARY and OPTIONS windows – NAVIGATE UP

through the list.

Inserts the character to the text (for example, when specifying the name of the waveform or cable in

the LIBRARY): "Space", "=", "+", "-", "1".

In the CHANNELS window and in the PARAMS window - adjustment of the waveforms

HORIZONTAL SCALE (ZOOM IN) in the area of Active Cursor.


the LIBRARY): "_", ".", ",", ";", "2".

In the CHANNELS window and in the PARAMS window - adjustment of the waveforms

VERTICAL SCALE.


the LIBRARY): "3","a", "b", "c".

In the CHANNELS window and in the PARAMS window – adjustment the position of the

ACTIVE CURSOR (LEFT)

Inserts the character to the text (for example, when specifying the name of the waveform or cable

in the LIBRARY): "4","d", "e", "f".

In the CHANNELS window and in the PARAMS window – SELECT the ACTIVE CURSOR (K1

or K2).


in the LIBRARY): "5","g", "h", "i".

In the CHANNELS window and in the PARAMS window – adjustment the position of the

ACTIVE CURSOR (RIGHT).


in the LIBRARY): "6","j", "k", "l".

In the CHANNEL window – SHIFT DOWN of the selected waveform.

In the PARAMS window – DECREASE the value of the active Selector: Scale, Pulse Width,

Velocity Factor, Averaging, Gain, Offset Input Delay, Threshold.

In the WAVEFORMS LIBRARY, CABLES LIBRARY and OPTIONS windows – NAVIGATE



DOWN through the list.


in the LIBRARY): "7", "m", "n", "o".

In the CHANNELS window and in the PARAMS window – toggles DIFFERENCE mode


the LIBRARY): "9", "t", "u", "v".

In the CHANNELS window and in the PARAMS window – toggles CAPTURE mode.


the LIBRARY): "0", "w", "x", "y", "z".

Saving the waveform of the selected channel.

Cancel the action.

Delete text symbols.

In the CHANNELS window and in the PARAMS window - saving the screenshot.

Confirm the action.

Design And Implemented Measurement Methods GUI description


6.4. GUI description

Main working windows CHANNELS and PARAMS are designed for:

set probe parameters and modes;

perform cursor distance measurements;

display saved waveforms;

comparative waveforms analysis in the "Compare" and "Difference" modes.

Figure 6-6. Common display view



"CHANNELS" window is intended to control: activate/deactivate channels,

measurement method selection, position and scaling waveforms on the screen;

“PARAMS” window is intended to set the probing parameters;

In the central part of the display located a coordinate grid and waveform’s of the activated

channels (with appropriate color).

Vertical lines labeled 1 and 2 are measurement cursors ("K1" and "K2"). Measurement

cursors allow absolute and relative distance measurements on the waveform. Absolute distances to

the cursors "K1" and "K2" (from the origin) and relative distance «L» (between cursors) are

displayed on the dashboard of the grid.

On the dashboard are also displayed - the current cursor step «dK» (horizontal scaling), the

vertical scale «dU», mode "Difference" indicator, mode "Capture" indicator, “Probe” indicator (), the

current date and time, and the internal battery status.



6.4.1. «CHANNELS» window

«CHANNELS» window is used to manage displayed channels, vertical offset of the channel waveform

on the screen, measurement method (Master Channel) selection, a comparative analysis of the

waveforms, cursor measurements, saving waveforms into internal storage.

Figure 6-7. «CHANNELS» window

Window «Channels» allow you to display up to six channel waveforms on a same grid:

Three waveforms of the measurement channels:

«TDR» channel displays waveform received in TDR mode;

«ARC» channel displays waveform received in ARM mode;

«WAVE» channel displays waveform received in ICE/Decay mode;

And three memory channels: to display waveforms saved in the internal storage.



To activate channel use channel selectors, displayed next to the buttons «F1» - «F6». Short

button pressure allows you to show or hide channel waveform. Long button pressure allows you to

select Master Channel (MC) and assigned measurement method (MC channel is labeled with symbol

in the channel selector).

Selecting MC switches instrument to the corresponding measurement mode:

«TDR» (button «F1») – switches instrument to the TDR mode;

«ARC» ( button «F2») – switches instrument to the ARM mode;

«WAVE» (button «F3») – switches instrument to the ODM (ICE/Decay) mode.

«MEM1», «MEM2», «MEM3» (buttons «F4»-«F6») – switches instrument to the TDR

mode;

With the selected MC channel the following actions are performed:

Editing measurement parameters of the MC (in the window «PARAMS»);

vertical waveform offset of the MC;

saving the waveform of the MC;

applying "Difference" view-mode relative to the MC;

For each activated channel waveform is displayed with the corresponding color. In the

channel selector are displayed instrument parameters that specific to the type (mode) of the channel:

For the TDR type channel – Scale (), probe Pulse Width (), Velocity of Propagation

(v), Averaging (), the Gain (A), Amplitude of the probe pulse (U);

For the ARM type channel – Synchronization source (Sync.) and Timeout for internal

synchronization (Delay);

For the WAVE type channel – threshold (Threshold).

At the bottom of the display above the buttons «F7» - «F10» the following selectors are

displayed:

"Start / Stop", button «F7» - starts / stops the measurement;

"LIBRARY", button «F8» - switch to "WAVEFORM LIBRARY"/"CABLES LIBRARY"

window, that provides access to the waveforms saved in the internal storage;

"MENU" button «F9» - switch to "MENU" window, provides access to the general instrument

settings and data exchange functions;

"PARAMS" button «F10» - switch to "PARAMS" window to configure the probe parameters.



6.4.2. "PARAMS" window

Press «F10» to switch into the «Parameters» window. The window "Parameters" is intended

for configuring measurement parameters.

Figure 6-8. «PARAMS» window

To adjust the measurement parameter you need to select the desired parameter selector (using buttons

«F1» - «F10»), and then adjust it using the buttons and .

You can adjust the following parameters:

«Scale»[m] - «F1» button - sets the measuring distance range (upper bound of the range);

«Pulse Width» [ns] - «F2» button - sets the probe Pulse Width;

«PF»[rate] or «V/2»[m/us] or VOP[%] - «F3» button – sets the Propagation Factor or half

propagation Velocity or Velocity of Propagation in percent (depends on settings of the instrument);

«Averaging» - «F4» button - sets the number of averages of the input signal in order to

suppress noises ;



«Amplification» - «F5» button - sets the signal amplification;

«Amplitude» [V] - «F6» button - sets probe pulse Amplitude;

«Sync» - «F7» button - sets the source of the synchronization signal, specific parameter to

the ARM mode;

«Delay»[ms] - «F8» button - sets the delay of the data collection start, the specific parameter

to ARM mode;

«Threshold»[V] - «F9» button - sets the threshold signal level, specific parameter to the

ODM mode;

To switch instrument to the «CHANNELS» window press «F10»;



6.4.3. “WAVEFORMS LIBRARY” window

To switch to the " WAVEFORMS LIBRARY" window press "F8" in the «CHANNELS»

window. In the "WAVEFORMS LIBRARY” window you can view a list of waveforms stored in the

device internal storage (waveform library), load them into memory channels (the selectors

«MEM1» - «MEM3») to compare waveforms with the measurement channels waveforms or to

compare memory channels with each other.

Figure 6-9. "WAVEFORMS LIBRARY" window

In the «WAVEFORMS LIBRARY» window you can:

Select waveform: navigate through the list using the and buttons;

Load waveform into the channel: press channel selector («MEM1», «MEM2»,

«MEM3») to load selected waveform;

«Delete» - «F9» button – remove the selected waveform from the library;

«Delete all» - «F10» button - remove all waveforms from the library;

Note: «TDR», «ARC», «WAVE» selectors are not available in the "WAVEFORM LIBRARY"

window.



To switch instrument into the «CHANNELS» window press «Esc» button;

6.4.4. "CABLES PF LIBRARY" window

To switch into the "CABLES LIBRARY" window press "F9" in the “LIBRARY” window.

The window displays a list of the cables and appropriate velocity factor in the representation type

(PF or V2 or VoP) specified in the settings of the instrument.

Figure 6-10. "CABLES PF LIBRARY" window

In the "CABLES LIBRARY" window the following selectors are available:

«Delete», «F3» button - delete the selected records from the library;

«Delete all», «F4» button - delete all records from the library;

«Set», «F6» button - set PF value (V/2, VoP) of the cable as a working value;

«Add», «F8» button – adds cable PF value (V/2, VoP) to the library.

To switch back to the «CHANNELS» window use «Esc» button.



6.4.5. "MENU" window

The "MENU" window is intended for:

Setup common device settings;

Data exchange between the internal storage and an external USB-flash drive;

Reference information about the instrument.

Figure 6-11. «MENU» window

The "MENU" window is viewed after the instrument is booted up or by pressing the "F9"

button "MENU" in the "CHANNELS” window. To navigate across the list use and buttons,

to adjust the setting press the button and choose value.



In the "MENU" window the following selectors are available:

«Edit» - «F7» or button – switches to editing the selected setting;

«Reset to factory default» - «F5» button – reset to factory default settings and measurement

parameters;

«MEASUREMENT» - «F10» button – start to working with the instrument, switches into the

«CHANNELS» window;

«Export Waveforms Library» - «F1» button – export waveforms library into external storage

device such as USB-Flash;

«Import Waveforms Library» - «F2» button – import waveforms library from external

storage device such as USB-Flash;

«Export Cables Library» - «F3» button – export cable library into external storage device

such as USB-Flash;

«Import Cables Library» - «F4» button – import cable library from external storage device

such as USB-Flash;

«About this device» - «F6» button – information about the instrument software and hardware

version, serial number and the device manufacturer.

Safety Precautions GUI description


7. Safety Precautions

To work with the TDR-TA4.7 allowed only the experts who have studied the this User’s Guide.

TDR-TA4.7 has no life-threatening voltages.

When the TDR-TA4.7 simultaneously charges the battery via the charger is prohibited to

open the device.

When working on a cables lines experts should be required to comply with the safety

regulations for working on this type of lines.

Configuring and working with instrument Switching on the instrument


8. Configuring and working with instrument

CAUTION: before connecting to the line, make sure there is no voltage on it.

PROHIBITED: to measure lines under voltage.

8.1. Switching on the instrument

To switch the TDR-TA4.7 instrument on, press and hold the button for one second.

After about 15 seconds of booting process the device opens the common settings "MENU" window.

To switch into the operating measurement mode, press button «F10» («MEASUREMENT»).

The device opens the "CHANNELS" window and automatically loads to the measuring channels

configuration and parameters stored from the previous session.

Configuring and working with instrument Setting up common parameters of the TDR-TA4.7


TDR-TA4.7

8.2. Setting up common parameters of the TDR-TA4.7

8.2.1. Option “Propagation Parameter Type”

The TDR-TA4.7 instrument provides three options for displaying the speed of propagation of

electromagnetic waves in the cable line: as the propagation factor (PF=c/v), half velocity of

propagation (V/2, m/us) and velocity of propagation in percent of light speed (VoP=v/c*100 %).

To set the type of the velocity representation do following:

Open the "MENU” window;

Use and buttons to select the "Propagation parameter type" and press button;

In the dropdown list select the value you want using and buttons;

Press to confirm.

8.2.2. Option “Calendar” (date and time)

To set system date and time do following steps:

Open the "MENU” window (see 4.4.6);

Select “Calendar” from the list using and buttons and press ;

Select an option to edit using and buttons (day, month, year, hours, minutes,

seconds);

Use and buttons to increase or decrease a selected option;

Press .

8.2.3. Option “Automatic Switch Off ” timeout

The TDR-TA4.7 instrument provides the auto power off function in case of inactivity (no

buttons are pressed). All measurement settings and parameters are saved certainly.

To choose the Automatic Switch Off timeout do following:


Select “Automatic switch off” from the list using and buttons and press ;

In the dropdown list select the value using and buttons; (off., 2 mins, 4 mins., 8

mins, 32 mins, 64 mins);

Press .

Configuring and working with instrument Setting up common parameters of the TDR-TA4.7


8.2.4. Option “Default waveform filename”

To define the default name for the saving waveforms do following:


Select “Default file name” from the list using and buttons and press ;

o Use "F7" button to switch between languages;

o Use "F8" button to switch between symbols and numbers ("A B C" or "1 2 3");

To put a symbol - press the appropriate button on the keyboard (like on mobile phones);

To delete a symbol press ;

Press to finish.

8.2.5. Option “Interface language”


Select “Interface language” from the list using and buttons and press ;

In the dropdown list select the language you want using and buttons;

Press to finish.

8.2.6. Reset instrument settings to factory values


Press selector «Reset settings to factory default» (F5 button);

In the pop-up window "Reset default" to approve press ;

Reboot TDR-TA4.7.

Note: waveforms and cabled libraries are not cleared when use this option.

Configuring and working with instrument Connecting the instrument to the testing cable


8.3. Connecting the instrument to the testing cable

The following describes how to connect the instrument to operate in accordance with the chosen

measurement method

CAUTION: before connecting to the line, make sure there is no voltage on it.

PROHIBITED to measure lines under voltage.

8.3.1. TDR method: direct connection to the testing cable (without using

HVPG)

Direct connection provides the most detailed waveform of the cable under test. This connection is

effective for determining the cable infrastructure (couplings, joints, branches), cable length, and low-

resistance defects.

Connect the experimental line to the device directly via the "TDR" TDR-TA4.7 socket, use the

connection cable supplied (when necessary);

8.3.2. ARM method: connection to the testing cable through HVPG

Connect the testing line to the high-voltage HVPG output (on the GI-TA sockets « » and «

»);

Low voltage signal BNC socket «TDR» of the TDR-TA4.7 connect to a low voltage signal socket

on HVPG (on GI-TA socket «TDR»);

Low voltage synchronization BNC input "TRIG" TDR-TA4.7 connect to the synchronization

output of HVPG (GI-TA socket «TRIG»), use the connecting cable supplied (if necessary);

Select the measurement mode ARM on the HVPG (on GI-TA turn switch «METHOD» to the

position «AR»);

Select the charging mode on HVPG:

(for GI-TA it is available two cases:

o turn switch «MODE» to the position «MANUAL» - in this case the built-in HPVG

capacitor charging first, and then discharge it to the cable by the button «DISCHARGE

HV»)

o turn switch «MODE» to position «AUTO» - in this case HPVG charging testing cable

line directly, until the breakdown occurs);

)

Configuring and working with instrument Connecting the instrument to the testing cable


8.3.3. ODM (ICE/Decay methods): connection to the testing cable through

HVPG

Connect the testing line to the high-voltage HVPG output (on the GI-TA sockets « » and

« »);

Signal input «WAVE» of the TDR-TA4.7 connect to the appropriate (ICE/Decay) low

voltage signal jack on HVPG (on the GI-TA this socket (ICE) named «WAVE»);

Select measuring method on HVPG (on GI-TA handle «METHOD» in position

«WAVE»);

Select the charging mode on HVPG:

(for GI-TA it is available two cases:

o turn switch «MODE» to the position «MANUAL» - in this case the built-in HPVG

capacitor charging first, and then discharge it to the cable by the button

«DISCHARGE HV»)

o turn switch «MODE» to position «AUTO» - in this case HPVG charging testing

cable line directly, until the breakdown occurs);

)

Configuring and working with instrument Setting measurement operating parameters


8.4. Setting measurement operating parameters

8.4.1. Сhannels management

The term "channel" means the combination of the measurement parameters and waveform buffer.

The instrument TDR-TA4.7 can simultaneously display six channels.

First three channels specialized for a specific measurement method :

«TDR» channel displays waveform received in TDR mode;

«ARC» channel displays waveform received in ARM mode;

«WAVE» channel displays waveform received in ICE/Decay mode;

And next three channels are memory channels that intended to display waveforms saved in the

internal storage.

To define the set of channels to display, do following:

open «CHANNELS» window;

activate / deactivate the desired channels by shortly pressing the buttons «F1»- «F6»

8.4.2. "Master Channel"(MC) term definition . MC selection.

By the term "Master Channel" (MC) means one of the channels that specifying the instrument

current measurement mode, waveform buffer for the data coming from the assigned measurement

input, and the set of probing parameters. Other channels are synchronize their waveform scale

according the MC.

All parameters adjustments in the window “PARAMS” are performed for the MC.

Also, for the MC the following operations are performed:

Arrange the waveform vertical offset in the “CHANNELS” window;

Saving сurrent waveform to the waveform library;

Defines reference waveform for the "Difference" view mode.

Any of the six channels can be selected as the MC channel. To select the MC do following:

Open «CHANNELS» window;

Long press (with delay about 1 sec.) to the appropriate channel button allows you to select

the "Master Channel" (indicated by an icon in the channel selector).



8.4.3. Selection Measurement Method (Mode)

Setting operating parameters of TDR-TA4.7 should be started with selection of the

Measurement Method. Measurement Method defined by selected "Master Channel" - one of a

specialized (customized for a specific measurement method) measurement channels.

To select Measurement Method:


Long button to select method (mode):

o «F1» selector «TDR» - to operating in TDR mode;

o «F2» selector «ARC» - to operating in ARM mode;

o «F3» selector «WAVE» - to operating in WAVE mode (ICE/Decay);

"Master Channel" is indicated by an icon in the channel selector.

8.4.4. Adjusting measurement Scale (sub-range)

To set measurement Scale (sub-range) do following:

Open «PARAMS» window;

Press "F1" to choose selector "Scale";

Use and buttons to select a value;

The parameter is applied to the following measurement methods: TDR, ARM, WAVE (ICE/Decay).

8.4.5. Adjusting probe Pulse Width

To set the probe Pulse Width:


Press "F2" to choose selector "Pulse Width";

Use and buttons to adjust value: 10 ns, 20 ns, 50 ns, 100 ns, 200 ns, 500 ns, 1

µs, 2 µs, 5 µs, 10 µs, 20 µs, 50 µs, 100 µs.

This parameter is applied to the following measurement methods: TDR, ARM.

In the WAVE mode this parameter is ignored.

8.4.6. Adjusting Velocity Factor value (PF, v/2, VoP)

To set the Velocity Factor:


Press "F3" to choose "PF" selector (or “V/2”, “VoP” selectors depending on common

settings of the instrument);



Use and buttons to adjust value;

NOTE: Setting the Velocity Factor from the Cable Library is described in p. 8.8.2.

This parameter is applied to the following measurement methods: TDR, ARM, WAVE (ICE/Decay).

8.4.7. Adjusting Averaging value

To set the Averaging to suppress asynchronous noise:


Press "F4" to choose "Averaging" selector;

Use and buttons to adjust value: from 1 (no noise suppression) to 64 (max

noise suppression);

This parameter is applied to the measurement methods: TDR, ARM. In the WAVE mode this

parameter is ignored.

8.4.8. Adjusting Amplification value

To set Amplification value do following:


Press "F5" to choose "Amplification" selector;

Use and buttons to adjust value from 0 to 255.

This parameter is applied to the following measurement methods: TDR, ARM, WAVE (ICE/Decay).

8.4.9. Adjusting Amplitude of the probe pulse

To set the Amplitude of the probe pulse:


Press "F6" to choose "Amplitude" selector;

Use and buttons to adjust value: U1(about 10V on match load) or U2 (about

90V on match load);

This parameter is applied to the measurement modes: TDR, ARM. In the WAVE mode this parameter

is ignored.

8.4.10. Selection Synchronization Source for ARM mode

For the ARM mode Synchrosignal (that an arc is just burned) to start low voltage TDR

probing may be got from two sources:



External source: using signal supplied to the synchronization input (TRIG) of the

instrument;

Internal source: using signal supplied to the measuring input (TDR) with adjusted

delay;

To set the Synchronization Source:


Press "F7" to choose «Synchronization» selector;

Use and buttons to select a value "Internal" (measuring input TDR signal

synchronization) or "external" (TRIG input signal synchronization).

This parameter is applied to the measurement mode ARM. In the TDR, WAVE modes this parameter

is ignored.

8.4.11. Adjusting time Delay for ARM mode

When measuring using ARM method it’s allowed to set the delay between the

synchronization signal and the start of the measurement (low voltage TDR probing). Delay allows you

to choose an optimal moment of the arc burning to get good reflection.

To set a delay do following:


Press "F8" to choose "Delay" selector;

Use and buttons to adjust value from 0 to 50 ms, step 0.2 ms.

This parameter is applied to the measurement mode ARM with internal synchronization. In the TDR,

WAVE modes this parameter is ignored.

8.4.12. Adjusting trigger Threshold for ODM mode (WAVE input)

When measuring using Oscillatory Discharge Method (ODM), you can set trigger Threshold

to start recording of the oscillatory discharge process. Thus, when the level of signal from WAVE

input reaches Threshold instrument starts recording Oscillatory Discharge process.

To set the trigger Threshold:

Open «PARAMETERS» window

Press "F9 to activate "Threshold" selector;

Use and buttons to select a numeric value from -165 to 165 V, with step 5 V.

The parameter is applied to the Oscillatory Discharge «WAVE» mode. In the TDR, ARM modes this

parameter is ignored.



8.4.13. Adjusting the input impedance

In the TDR-TA4.7 impedance of the measuring input «TDR» is fixed - 75 ohms.

Adjusting the input impedance of the instrument is not required.

8.4.14. Adjusting vertical waveform position

For clear viewing on the screen several signals simultaneously the instrument allow to adjusting

vertical position of each channel waveform. To set the vertical position of the channel waveform:


Select required channel as the "Master Channel" by press and hold the button (F1…F6) of

appropriate channel selector. Selector "Master Channel" is marked with « ».

Adjust vertical position of the waveform using and buttons.

8.4.15. Adjusting Horizontal Zooming

To adjust the horizontal Zoom around any point on the waveform:

Open «CHANNELS» or «PARAMS» window;

Select measurement cursor by pressing "К1" or "К2";

Use and buttons for positioning selected cursor to the required point on the waveform;

Press for Zoom In (more detalization) or for Zoom Out (less detalization);

Control cursor step - “dK” at the top of the screen, max cursor step is 256 m, min - 0.01 m.

8.4.16. Adjusting Vertical Scaling

To adjust vertical scaling:


repeatedly press «F11» to choose the most convenient dU scale: 1:1, 1:2, 1:4. The current

value of dU is displayed at the top of the screen.

8.4.17. “Difference” mode switch on/off

The device has a special pointwise subtraction mode designed to suppress noise and waveforms

differences analysis. To set the "difference" is necessary:


As the "Master Channel" select (press and hold the channel selector button) one of the six

channels to adjust the pointwise subtraction. Selector "master channel" is marked with «».

Press "F12", wherein the "Difference" mode indicator is activated at the top of the screen;



On the screen you will see the same waveform of the "Master Channel", and the pointwise

subtraction(relative to MC) result waveforms of the other activated channels;

To switch off “Difference” mode press "F12".

8.4.18. “Capture” mode switch on/off

The device has a special capture mode of fixing all the waveform changes on the screen for

an arbitrary time interval intended to identify "flickering" defects (time unstable). To set the

"Capture" mode:


Press «F13» and control “Capture” mode indication at the top of the screen;

To switch off this mode press any key (except , , and ).

Configuring and working with instrument Operating procedure


8.5. Operating procedure

8.5.1. Operating in TDR mode

The basic principles of TDR method described in p.6.1.1

To operate in TDR mode do following:

Connect the instrument to the testing line for using TDR method (see p.8.3.1);

Switch the instrument on and set TDR measurement method (see p.8.4.3);

Open «PARAMRS» window and set the parameters (see p.8.4.4 - 8.4.13), controlling the

waveform from «TDR» measuring input on the display;

Open «CHANNELS» window and proceed the probing by pressing «START»;

Perform cursor measurements (see p. 8.6) and analyze the resulting waveform (see p.8.7);

If necessary save waveform into device internal storage (see 8.8.1);

Figure 8.1 Waveform in TDR mode



8.5.2. Operating in ARM mode

The basic principles of the ARM method described in p. 8.3.2

To operate in ARM mode do following:

Connect the device to the test line for using ARM method (see 8.3.2);

Switch the instrument on and select ARM mode (see 8.4.3);

Open «PARAMS» window and adjust the parameters (see p.8.4.4 - 8.4.13), controlling the

waveform from «TDR» measuring input on the display;


If necessary save waveform before breakdown fired into the device internal storage (see

8.8.1);

With activated «TDR» channel (with a just received waveform), switch the device to the

ARM mode - «ARC» (see 8.4.3);

The instrument switches to standby mode waiting for the HVPG-arc synchronization signal

(breakdown) (from TRIG or TDR input. see 8.3.2);

Using HVPG fire a cable breakdown;

At the moment of ignition of the electric arc HVPG synchronization signal will start TDR-

TA4.7 probing once, the resulting ARM waveform (reflected from the arc at the point of the

breakdown) displayed in the AR channel;

Perform cursor measurements and analyze the resulting waveform. In point of the breakdown

waveform will look like typical short circuit (see. 6.7.2).

Compare waveforms "before the breakdown" and "at the time of the breakdown”

If necessary save ARM waveform into device internal storage (see 8.8.1);



Figure 8.2 Comparing TDR (light blue) and ARM (blue) waveforms

8.5.3. Operating in WAVE mode (ICE/Decay)

The basic principles of Oscillatory Discharge Methods (ODM=ICE/Decay) are described in 6.1.3

Connect the device to the test line for using the ODM (ICE/Decay) methods (see 6.4.3);

Switch the instrument on and select WAVE mode (see 8.4.3),

Open «PARAMS» window and adjust the parameters (see p.8.4.4 - 8.4.13);


The device switches to standby mode waiting wave current (voltage) from the arc

(breakdown) (input «WAVE» see 8.3.3);

Using HVPG make a cable breakdown;

In excess of a predetermined threshold at the input «WAVE» the instrument captures the

waveform is typical for the oscillatory discharge process in the cable;



Perform cursor measurements and analyze the resulting waveform. Distance to the

breakdown is determined by the oscillation period on the waveform

If necessary save oscillation period waveform in the device internal storage (см. п. 6.9.1.1);

Figure 8.3 Ocsillations, captured by TDR-TA4.7 using Oscillatory Discharge (wave)

measurement method

Configuring and working with instrument Cursor measurements


8.6. Cursor measurements

8.6.1. Measuring the distance to the fault (heterogeneity) of the cable

To measure the distance to the heterogeneity:

Perform cable line probing (see 8.5)

Use the button to activate cursor "К1" or "К2";

Use and buttons to set the cursor position at the beginning of heterogeneity area;

Determine the distance numeric value "К1" ("К2") at the top of the screen;

ATTENTION. For the correct interpretation of results, it is necessary to establish the velocity factor

corresponding to the type of cable measured line.

ATTENTION. Connecting the measured line to the device with connecting cables, take into account

their length when determining distance values.

ATTENTION. The most accurate cursor positioning in the heterogeneity response area is achieved

adjusting zoom (see. p. 8.4.15).

8.6.2. Measuring Velocity Factor(PF, v2, VoP) knowing in advance the length

of the cable

You can measure Velocity Factor value if you know in advance the length of some cable section (for

ex. the entire length of the cable, distance to known joint etc.)

To measure velocity factor do following:

Perform cable test in TDR mode (see 8.5.1)

Use the button to activate cursor "К1";

Use and buttons to set the first cursor to the front of reflected signal from the

start of the section;


Use and buttons to set the second cursor to the front of reflected signal

from end of the section;

Without moving the cursors adjust Velocity Factor value (see 8.4.6), achieving

equality distance L=|K1-K2| to the known length of the measured cable section.

ATTENTION. Connecting the measured line to the device by connecting cables, take into account

their length when determining distance values.

Configuring and working with instrument Cursor measurements


8.6.3. Measuring distance between heterogeneities of the cable line

To measure the distance between heterogeneities of the cable line:

Perform cable TDR test (see 8.5.1)


Use and buttons to set the cursor position at the beginning of the first heterogeneity

front;


Use and buttons to set the cursor position at the beginning of the second heterogeneity

front;

Determine the distance numerical value next to "L =" in the upper part of the screen just

above the grid.

Configuring and working with instrument Analysis of typical heterogeneities of the cable line


8.7. Analysis of typical heterogeneities of the cable line

Notes to Figure 8-4 - 8-7: in the top of figures the test line is schematically shown in the

lower part - the waveform of the line.

8.7.1. Determining the distances to the cable joints, breaks

Reflection from the cable joint has a positive polarity. The quality of the cable joint can be

estimated by the amplitude of the reflected signal. Instrument allows to distinguish several discrete

heterogeneities. Cursor 1 is pointed to a positive polarity reflected pulse, indicating the presence of the

joint in the cable line. Cursor 2 is pointed to the reflection of another more distant joint. Second joint

looks worse than first joint, because it has some bigger reflection. The cursor at position 3 points

to the break (or the end of the cable).

Figure 8.4 Joints and break

8.7.2. Determining the distance to the short circuit between the conductors

Reflection of heterogeneity typical of the cable cores short-circuit, expressed in the presence of

negative polarity response. The cursor position 1 pointed to the reflected pulse of negative

polarity, indicating the presence of a short circuit in the cable line. The reflected pulse from the end

of the cable line is missing.

Figure 8.5 Short circuit

Configuring and working with instrument Analysis of typical heterogeneities of the cable line


8.7.3. Determining the distance to the "wet" section of the cable

The heterogeneity associated with the appearance of moisture in the core of the cable is

extended by it’s nature. "Wet" section is characterized by low impedance and a random dielectric

constant, and as a consequence, an unknown velocity factor. On the waveform “wet” section begins

at the cursor position 1 and ends at the cursor position 2.

Figure 8.6 "Wet" section

8.7.4. Determining the distance to the cable branch

The heterogeneity caused by cable branch in the line is lengthy also. By type of waveform

branch resembles “wet” cable. The difference is that the branch section is uniform. To determine the

distance to the branch is necessary to point the cursor at the beginning of heterogeneity. If the length

of the branch exceeds the remaining section of the cable, it is possible the complete disappearance of

the reflected pulse from the end of the cable. The cursor position 1 is observed a reflected pulse and

its form indicates whether the parallel branch in the cable.

Figure 8.7 Cable branch

Configuring and working with instrument Working with Waveform Library


8.8. Working with Waveform Library

8.8.1. Saving waveform to the Waveform Library

To save waveform to the library:

Perform cable line test (see 8.5);

As a master channel select the channel with waveform you want to save (see 8.4.2);

press and in the pop-up window: "Save the waveform of channel x?" press button to

confirm or “Esc” to cancel;

The device automatically opens the window "WAVEFORMS LIBRARY" (see 6.4.3);

Specify a name for the waveform (or leave the default name);

Finnaly, press the button ;

Close the window "WAVEFORMS LIBRARY" by pressing “Esc”.

ATTENTION. The device automatically saves the probing parameters used to get the waveform.

8.8.2. Loading waveform from the Waveform Library

The instrument lets you load and display up to three waveforms to a specialized memory

channels (channels «MEM1» - «MEM3»). It is possible to simultaneously work with the data

coming from the measuring inputs. To load the waveform from the library to the memory channel:

Open the window "WAVEFORMS LIBRARY"

Use and buttons to select the appropriate waveform from the library;

By pressing any of "F4" – "F6" load the waveform from the library to the display channel;

Close the window "WAVEFORMS LIBRARY" by pressing “Esc”

8.8.3. Delete waveform from the Waveform Library

To delete waveform from the library:

Open the window "WAVEFORMS LIBRARY";

Use and buttons to select the appropriate waveform from the library;

Press "F9" opposite "Delete" selector;

In the pop-up window: "Delete the selected waveform from the memory?" - Confirm the

action by pressing the button ;



8.8.4. Clear Waveform Library

To clear library:

Open the window "WAVEFORMS LIBRARY";

Press "F5" opposite "Delete all" selector;

In the pop-up window: "Delete all waveforms from the memory?" - Confirm the action by

pressing the button or press “Esc” to cancel;

To close window "WAVEFORMS LIBRARY" press “Esc”

8.8.5. Export waveform library to USB-Flash

To export waveform library to the USB-Flash:

Open the window "MENU";

Insert USB-Flash into the USB-port;

Wait until the device identifies the USB-Flash (flashing USB-Flash LED);

Press "F1" opposite "Export waveforms library”;

At the end of the copying window pops up: "Waveforms library successfully exported to a

folder (the path to the folder)" - confirm the action by pressing the button .

8.8.6. Import waveform library from USB-Flash

To import waveform library from USB-Flash into the device internal storage:




Press "F2" opposite "Import waveforms library”;

Use and buttons to select the folder;

Press , a window pops up: "You're going to import the library to replace the current one.

Do you want to export the current library?" – Press button , to backup current library into

an external drive before replacing. Press to proceed action without backup;

After copying window pops-up: " WAVEFORMS LIBRARY successfully imported" -

confirm the action by pressing the button



8.8.7. «Screenshot» function

The instrument provides the « Screenshot » function allowing to make a copy of the device

screen in the "CHANNELS" and "PARAMETERS" windows. The picture is stored in non-volatile

memory in JPG format with automatic naming by date and time. Screen shots are recorded to an

external USB-drive with waveform files when calling the function "Export WAVEFORMS

LIBRARY " (see 8.8.1.5).

To take a screenshot in one of the operating modes of "CHANNELS" or "PARAMETERS" press

, in the pop-up window "Take a screen shot?" confirm it by pressing or cancel it by

pressing .

Configuring and working with instrument Working with Cables Library


8.9. Working with Cables Library

8.9.1. Applying Velocity Factor(VF) from the Cables Library

To apply Velocity Factor (VF) value from the library to the Master Channel:

Enter the "CABLES PF LIBRARY" window (see 6.4.4);

Use and buttons to select the appropriate cable value from the list;

Press "F1" opposite "Set" selector;

In the pop-up window "Set VF = ... ?" - confirm it by pressing , after that instrument opens

“CHANNELS” window.

8.9.2. Adding Velocity Factor(VF) into the Cables Library

To add new VF value:

Enter the "CABLES PF LIBRARY" window;

Press "F2" opposite "Add" selector;

Enter the name of the cable;

press , "value" column is selected;

Using and buttons set the velocity factor value;

press , the new VF value is added to the table

8.9.3. Deleting Velocity Factor(VF) from the Cables Library

To delete VF value from the library:

Enter the "CABLES PF LIBRARY" window;

Use and buttons to select the appropriate VF value from the library;

Press "F9" opposite "Delete" selector;

In the pop-up window "Delete velocity factor value from the library?" - confirm it by

pressing

8.9.4. Clear Cables Library

To clear library do following:

Enter the " CABLES PF LIBRARY " window;

Press "F10" opposite "Delete all" selector;

Configuring and working with instrument Working with Cables Library


In the pop-up window "Delete all velocity factor values from the library?" - confirm it by

pressing

8.9.5. Export Cables Library to USB-Flash

To export Cables Library to USB-Flash:




Press "F3" opposite "Export Cables Library" selector;

At the end of the copying on the screen TDR-TA4.7 window pops up: "Cables

Library successfully exported to a folder (the path to the folder)" - confirm the action by

pressing the button .

8.9.6. Import Cables Library from USB-Flash

To import Cables Library from USB-Flash into the device internal storage:



wait until the device identifies the USB-Flash (flashing USB-Flash LED);

press "F4" opposite "Import Cables Library " selector;

Using and select folder;

press , a window pops up: "You're going to import the library to replace the current one.

Do you want to export the current library?" – Press button to backup current library into

an external drive before replacing. Press to proceed action without backup;

After copying window pops-up: "Cables Library successfully imported" - confirm the action

by pressing the button

NOTE: Copying the velocity factor values is only possible if it was kept unchanged name and path to

the folder, automatically assigned to it after the "EXPORT CABLES LIBRARY " operation.

Configuring and working with instrument Monitoring the battery status


8.10. Monitoring the battery status

screen:

Monitor the status of the internal battery TDR-TA4.7 using the icon in the upright corner of the

symbol means that the battery level is normal

symbol means you need to charge the battery.

Configuring and working with instrument Working with instrument using the power adapter


8.11. Working with instrument using the power adapter

To work with instrument using the power adapter is necessary to connect the adapter to the

power jack on the front panel. Also instrument is able to work and charge the battery simultaneously.

If the battery charge is complete, instead of the icon in the upper left corner of the

screen displays .

Configuring and working with instrument Switch Off the instrument


8.12. Switch Off the instrument

To turn off the instrument, press and hold the button for one second. The device has an

automatic power off (in case user inactivity) (see 6.3.3).

ATTENTION.

In any case the instrument switched off all the settings and parameters of the measurement

channels («TDR», «ARC», «WAVE») are saved. On next switch on the instrument automatically apply

them.

.

Charging internal battery and Maintenance Switch Off the instrument


9. Charging internal battery and Maintenance

TDR-TA4.7 does not require special maintenance. To eliminate body soilness use soapy water

or alcohol. The use of aggressive chemicals (gasoline, acetone, paint thinner) is strictly prohibited.

TDR-TA4.7 has a built-in power supply maintenance-free battery voltage (7,2 ± 0,7)V 7,0A/h

(ACC1) or high-capacity battery (12,0 ± 1,0)V 7,0A/h (ACC2). The batteries are sealed, maintenance-

free for the entire service life.

At lower temperatures the battery capacity decreases (60% at -20 ° C). Prior to operation,

check the battery status. Battery status can be assessed by the indicator in the upper left corner of the

screen. The inspection results are approximate (as the status of the battery is strongly dependent on the

ambient temperature), but allow to estimate the possible time of its battery life.

Charge the battery in the following order:

connect the AC adapter to a 220 V 50 Hz;

connect the AC adapter to the jack on the front panel;

monitor the charging progress by the LED charge-indicator (“red” – charge in progress, “green” -

charge completed) or see battery status on the top of the screen

CAUTION:

charge the battery only by the supplied AC adapter;

do not charge the battery at ambient temperatures below 0 ° C.

Possible faults and their solutions Switch Off the instrument


10. Possible faults and their solutions

If there are any faults in the instrument, it is necessary to apply to the manufacturer only.

If the instrument software failure occurs, or the device cannot be disabled by the button ,

you must press the "reset" button with a long thin object (a straightened paper clip for example) to

perform a forced device power off

ATTENTION. When you turn off the instrument by "Reset" button the changes made to the

parameters of measurements in the current session with the device are not saved.

Transportation and storage Switch Off the instrument


11. Transportation and storage

TDR-TA4.7, packed in containers, should be transported in closed vehicles of any type, at

any distance, and stored under conditions established by a group of 4 to GOST 22261. When

transporting by plane, TDR-TA4.7 should be placed in heated sealed compartments.

The alignment and securing of cargo in vehicles should ensure a stable position of cargo during

transportation.

The shift of cargo during transportation is not permitted.

Railway cars, containers, and trucks used for the TDR-TA4.7 transportation, should not

have traces of cement, coal, chemicals, etc.

Certificate of acceptance Switch Off the instrument


12. Certificate of acceptance

Cable fault locator TDR-TA4.7, serial number___________

meets specifications and recognized serviceable.

Release date " " 20 year

LS

The company representative

(signature) ( name)

As a result of the initial verification Cable fault locator TDR-TA4.7 found fit for use.

Date of the initial verification " " 20 year

Signature of principal: _

(signature) ( name)

Сonservation and packaging information Switch Off the instrument


13. Сonservation and packaging information

Certificate of Conservation

Cable fault locator TDR-TA4.7, serial number

conservated in accordance with the packaging and conservation instructions.

Date of conservation: "_ " 20_ year

Conservation term:

Conservation made by

(signature) ( name)

Conservation acceptance by:

(signature) ( name)

LS

Packaging certificate Switch Off the instrument


14. Packaging certificate

Cable fault locator TDR-TA4.7, serial number_______________ packed by manufacturer in

accordance with the packaging and conservation instructions.

Date of packaging: " _" 20 year

Packaging made by:

(signature) ( name)

Packaging acceptance by:

(signature) ( name)

LS

Warranty Switch Off the instrument


15. Warranty

The manufacturer guarantees the TDR-TA4.7 technical requirements specifications consumer

conditions, transport and storage, set in the present User’s Guide

The warranty period is 12 months from the date of TDR-TA4.7 in operation, but no more than

18 months from the date of manufacture.

The warranty period of storage is set 6 months from the date of manufacture TDR-TA4.7.

The manufacturer shall within the warranty period eliminate the identified defects or replace

the defective part of the TDR-TA4.7 or the entire TDR-TA4.7 for free, if it can not be corrected

in the consumer enterprise.

The warranty does not apply to the battery supplied with the device.

After the warranty period is expired TDR-TA4.7 repair should be made referring to the section

"Possible Faults and their solutions" of the User’s Guide.

For questions about warranty and service contact to the manufacturer:

Office 6, 10A (bl.2),1-Vladimirovskaya Str, Moscow, 111123, Russia

Phone: +7 (495) 212-11-74

e-mail: [email protected]

Complaints information Switch Off the instrument


16. Complaints information

Complaints informations should be registered in the Table 15-1 Table 15-1

Date Number of TDR-TA4.7 operation hours from the start until the fault

Short fault description Effective date of the

complaint and the

letter number

Procedures taken to complaint

Notes

Cable fault locator TDR-TA4 - Impact Instruments

Documents

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