Principal accounting - Ch03 matching concept and adjusting process
C3 - 1 Learning Objectives Power Notes The Matching Concept and the Adjusting Process The Matching...
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Transcript of C3 - 1 Learning Objectives Power Notes The Matching Concept and the Adjusting Process The Matching...
C3 - 1
Learning Objectives
Power Notes The Matching Concept and the Adjusting Process The Matching Concept and the Adjusting Process
1. The Matching Concept
2. Nature of the Adjusting Process
3. Recording Adjusting Entries
4. Summary of Adjustment Process
5. Financial Analysis and Interpretation
Chapter F3
C3
C3 - 2
• Reporting Revenue and Expense• The Matching Concept• Trial Balance, Chart of Accounts• Deferrals and Accruals• Summary of Adjustments• Vertical Analysis
Slide # Power Note Topics
369
203641
Note: To select a topic, type the slide # and press Enter.
Chapter F3
The Matching Concept and the Adjusting Process The Matching Concept and the Adjusting Process
Power Notes
C3 - 3
NetSolutionsUnadjusted Trial Balance
December 31, 2002
11 Cash 2,06512 Accounts Receivable 2,22014 Supplies 2,00015 Prepaid Insurance 2,40017 Land 20,00018 Office Equipment 1,80021 Accounts Payable 90023 Unearned Rent 36031 Capital Stock 25,00033 Dividends 4,00041 Fees Earned 16,34051 Wages Expense 4,27552 Rent Expense 1,60054 Utilities Expense 98555 Supplies Expense 80059 Miscellaneous Expense 455
42,600 42,600
C3 - 4
NetSolutionsExpanded Chart of Accounts
Balance Sheet Income Statement
1. Assets11 Cash12 Accounts Receivable14 Supplies15 Prepaid Insurance17 Land18 Office Equipment19 Accumulated Depreciation
2. Liabilities21 Accounts Payable22 Wages Payable23 Unearned Rent
3. Stockholders’ Equity31 Capital Stock32 Retained Earnings33 Dividends
4. Revenue41 Fees Earned42 Rent Revenue
5. Expenses51 Wages Expense52 Rent Expense53 Depreciation Expense54 Utilities Expense55 Supplies Expense56 Insurance Expense59 Miscellaneous Expense
C3 - 5
TWO METHODS
Reporting Revenue and ExpenseReporting Revenue and Expense
Cash Basis of Accounting
Accrual Basis of Accounting
C3 - 6
Adjustments – Accrued ExpenseAdjustments – Accrued Expense
Wages Payable
Wages Expense
NetSolutions received employee services for the last two days of December amounting to $250, to be paid later.
Adjustment A5 – Record accrued wages of $250.
A5..... 250
Bal.....4,275 Expenses
Liabilities
A5
A5
A5.....250
C3 - 7
Adjustments – Accrued RevenueAdjustments – Accrued Revenue
Accounts Receivable
Fees Earned
As of December 31, NetSolutions provided 25 hours of services at $20 per hour to be billed next month.
Adjustment A6 – Record accrued fees earned of $500.
A6..... 500
Bal....16,340 Revenues
Assets
A6
A6
A6.....500
Bal.....2,220
C3 - 8
Financial Analysis and InterpretationFinancial Analysis and InterpretationFinancial Analysis and InterpretationFinancial Analysis and Interpretation
Objective: Use vertical analysis to compare financial statement items with each other and with industry averages.
Comparative Income StatementsFor the Years Ended December 31, 2003 and 2002
Fees earned $ 187,500 100.0% $ 150,000 100.0%Operating expenses:
Wages expense $ 60,000 32.0% $ 45,000 30.0%Rent expense 15,000 8.0
2003 2002 Amount Percent Amount Percent
Vertical Analysis: Vertical Analysis:
Wages expense $ 60,000Fees earned $ 187,500
= 32.0%
C3 - 9
Cash Basis of AccountingCash Basis of Accounting
Revenue reported when cash is received
Expense reported when cash is paid
Does not properly match revenues and
expenses
C3 - 10
Accrual Basis of AccountingAccrual Basis of Accounting
Revenue reported when earned
Expense reported when incurred
Properly matches revenues and expenses
in determining net income
Requires adjusting entries at end of period
It just sounds mean – it really isn’t
C3 - 11
The Matching ConceptThe Matching ConceptThe Matching ConceptThe Matching Concept
Assets
Liabilities
Owner’sEquity
Debits = Credits
Expenses Revenues
C3 - 12
The Matching ConceptThe Matching ConceptThe Matching ConceptThe Matching Concept
Assets
Liabilities
Owner’sEquity
Debits = Credits
Expenses Revenues
NetIncome
C3 - 13
The Matching ConceptThe Matching ConceptThe Matching ConceptThe Matching Concept
Assets
Liabilities
Owner’sEquity
Debits = Credits
Net income is determined by properly matching expenses and revenues.
Expenses Revenues
NetIncome
matching
C3 - 14
NetSolutionsUnadjusted Trial Balance
December 31, 2002
1111 CashCash 2,0652,0651212 Accounts ReceivableAccounts Receivable 2,2202,2201414 SuppliesSupplies 2,0002,0001515 Prepaid InsurancePrepaid Insurance 2,4002,4001717 LandLand 20,00020,0001818 Office EquipmentOffice Equipment 1,8001,800
AssetsAssets
C3 - 15
NetSolutionsUnadjusted Trial Balance
December 31, 2002
11 Cash 2,06512 Accounts Receivable 2,22014 Supplies 2,00015 Prepaid Insurance 2,40017 Land 20,00018 Office Equipment 1,8002121 Accounts PayableAccounts Payable 9009002323 Unearned RentUnearned Rent 360360
LiabilitiesLiabilities
C3 - 16
NetSolutionsUnadjusted Trial Balance
December 31, 2002
11 Cash 2,06512 Accounts Receivable 2,22014 Supplies 2,00015 Prepaid Insurance 2,40017 Land 20,00018 Office Equipment 1,80021 Accounts Payable 90023 Unearned Rent 3603131 Capital StockCapital Stock 25,00025,0003333 DividendsDividends 4,0004,000
Stockholders’Stockholders’EquityEquity
C3 - 17
NetSolutionsUnadjusted Trial Balance
December 31, 2002
11 Cash 2,06512 Accounts Receivable 2,22014 Supplies 2,00015 Prepaid Insurance 2,40017 Land 20,00018 Office Equipment 1,80021 Accounts Payable 90023 Unearned Rent 36031 Capital Stock 25,00033 Dividends 4,0004141 Fees EarnedFees Earned 16,34016,340RevenueRevenue
C3 - 18
NetSolutionsUnadjusted Trial Balance
December 31, 2002
11 Cash 2,06512 Accounts Receivable 2,22014 Supplies 2,00015 Prepaid Insurance 2,40017 Land 20,00018 Office Equipment 1,80021 Accounts Payable 90023 Unearned Rent 36031 Pat King, Capital 25,00032 Pat King, Drawing 4,00041 Fees Earned 16,3405151 Wages ExpenseWages Expense 4,2754,2755252 Rent ExpenseRent Expense 1,6001,6005454 Utilities ExpenseUtilities Expense 9859855555 Supplies ExpenseSupplies Expense 8008005959 Miscellaneous ExpenseMiscellaneous Expense 455455
42,600 42,600
ExpensesExpenses
C3 - 19
NetSolutionsExpanded Chart of Accounts
Balance Sheet Income Statement
1. Assets11 Cash12 Accounts Receivable14 Supplies15 Prepaid Insurance17 Land18 Office Equipment19 Accumulated Depreciation
2. Liabilities21 Accounts Payable22 Wages Payable23 Unearned Rent
3. Stockholders’ Equity31 Capital Stock32 Retained Earnings33 Dividends
4. Revenue41 Fees Earned42 Rent Revenue
5. Expenses51 Wages Expense52 Rent Expense53 Depreciation Expense54 Utilities Expense55 Supplies Expense56 Insurance Expense59 Miscellaneous Expense
C3 - 20
NetSolutionsExpanded Chart of Accounts
Balance Sheet Income Statement
1. Assets11 Cash12 Accounts Receivable14 Supplies15 Prepaid Insurance17 Land18 Office Equipment19 Accumulated Depreciation
2. Liabilities21 Accounts Payable22 Wages Payable23 Unearned Rent
3. Stockholders’ Equity31 Capital Stock32 Retained Earnings33 Dividends
4. Revenue41 Fees Earned42 Rent Revenue
5. Expenses51 Wages Expense52 Rent Expense53 Depreciation Expense54 Utilities Expense55 Supplies Expense56 Insurance Expense59 Miscellaneous Expense
C3 - 21
NetSolutionsExpanded Chart of Accounts
Balance Sheet Income Statement
1. Assets11 Cash12 Accounts Receivable14 Supplies15 Prepaid Insurance17 Land18 Office Equipment19 Accumulated Depreciation
2. Liabilities21 Accounts Payable22 Wages Payable23 Unearned Rent
3. Stockholders’ Equity31 Capital Stock32 Retained Earnings33 Dividends
4. Revenue41 Fees Earned42 Rent Revenue
5. Expenses51 Wages Expense52 Rent Expense53 Depreciation Expense54 Utilities Expense55 Supplies Expense56 Insurance Expense59 Miscellaneous Expense
C3 - 22
NetSolutionsExpanded Chart of Accounts
Balance Sheet Income Statement
1. Assets11 Cash12 Accounts Receivable14 Supplies15 Prepaid Insurance17 Land18 Office Equipment19 Accumulated Depreciation
2. Liabilities21 Accounts Payable22 Wages Payable23 Unearned Rent
3. Stockholders’ Equity31 Capital Stock32 Retained Earnings33 Dividends
4. Revenue41 Fees Earned42 Rent Revenue
5. Expenses51 Wages Expense52 Rent Expense53 Depreciation Expense54 Utilities Expense55 Supplies Expense56 Insurance Expense59 Miscellaneous Expense
C3 - 23
Adjustments – Deferrals and AccrualsAdjustments – Deferrals and AccrualsAdjustments – Deferrals and AccrualsAdjustments – Deferrals and Accruals
Current Period Future Period
Cash Received Revenue Recorded Deferrals Cash Received
Revenues
C3 - 24
Adjustments – Deferrals and AccrualsAdjustments – Deferrals and AccrualsAdjustments – Deferrals and AccrualsAdjustments – Deferrals and Accruals
Current Period Future Period
Cash Received Revenue Recorded Deferrals Cash Received
Accruals Revenue Recorded Cash Received
Revenues
C3 - 25
Adjustments – Deferrals and AccrualsAdjustments – Deferrals and AccrualsAdjustments – Deferrals and AccrualsAdjustments – Deferrals and Accruals
Current Period Future Period
Cash Received Revenue Recorded Deferrals Cash Received
Current Period Future Period
Cash Paid Expense Recorded
Expenses
Cash Paid
Accruals Revenue Recorded Cash Received
Revenues
Deferrals
C3 - 26
Adjustments – Deferrals and AccrualsAdjustments – Deferrals and AccrualsAdjustments – Deferrals and AccrualsAdjustments – Deferrals and Accruals
Current Period Future Period
Cash Received Revenue Recorded Deferrals Cash Received
Current Period Future Period
Expense Recorded Cash Paid
Cash Paid Expense Recorded
Expenses
Cash Paid
Accruals Revenue Recorded Cash Received
Revenues
Deferrals
Accruals
C3 - 27
Adjustments – Deferred ExpenseAdjustments – Deferred ExpenseAdjustments – Deferred ExpenseAdjustments – Deferred Expense
P1..... 2,400
Cash
Prepaid Insurance
Insurance Expense
P1..... 2,400
On December 1, NetSolutions purchased insurance for 24 months at a cost of $2,400.
Adjustment A1 – Record insurance used for December, $100.
Expenses
Assets
Example P1 – Purchase initially recorded as an asset.Example P1 – Purchase initially recorded as an asset.
C3 - 28
Adjustments – Deferred ExpenseAdjustments – Deferred ExpenseAdjustments – Deferred ExpenseAdjustments – Deferred Expense
P1..... 2,400
Cash
Prepaid Insurance
Insurance Expense
P1..... 2,400
On December 1, NetSolutions purchased insurance for 24 months at a cost of $2,400.
Adjustment A1 – Record insurance used for December, $100.
A1..... 100
A1.....100 Expenses
Assets
A1
Example P1 – Purchase initially recorded as an asset.Example P1 – Purchase initially recorded as an asset.
A1
C3 - 29
Adjustments – Deferred ExpenseAdjustments – Deferred Expense
P2..... 2,400
Cash
Prepaid Insurance
Insurance Expense
P2..... 2,400
On December 1, NetSolutions purchased insurance for 24 months at a cost of $2,400.
Adjustment A2 – Record insurance unused as ofDecember 31.
Expenses
Assets
Example P2 – Purchase initially recorded as an expense.Example P2 – Purchase initially recorded as an expense.
C3 - 30
Adjustments – Deferred ExpenseAdjustments – Deferred Expense
P2..... 2,400
Cash
Prepaid Insurance
Insurance Expense
P2..... 2,400
On December 1, NetSolutions purchased insurance for 24 months at a cost of $2,400.
Adjustment A2 – Record insurance unused as ofDecember 31.
A2..... 2,300
A2.....2,300 Expenses
Assets
A2
Example P2 – Purchase initially recorded as an expense.Example P2 – Purchase initially recorded as an expense.
A2
C3 - 31
Adjustments – Deferred RevenueAdjustments – Deferred Revenue
Cash
Unearned Rent
Rent Revenue
S1..... 360
On December 1, NetSolutions received cash of $360 for three months’ rent beginning December 1.
Adjustment A3 – Record rent earned for December.
S1..... 360
Revenues
Liabilities
Example S1 – Sale initially recorded as a liability.Example S1 – Sale initially recorded as a liability.
C3 - 32
Adjustments – Deferred RevenueAdjustments – Deferred Revenue
A3..... 120
Cash
Unearned Rent
Rent Revenue
S1..... 360
On December 1, NetSolutions received cash of $360 for three months’ rent beginning December 1.
Adjustment A3 – Record rent earned for December.
S1..... 360
A3.....120 Revenues
Liabilities
A3
Example S1 – Sale initially recorded as a liability.Example S1 – Sale initially recorded as a liability.
A3
C3 - 33
Adjustments – Deferred RevenueAdjustments – Deferred Revenue
Cash
Unearned Rent
Rent Revenue
S2..... 360
On December 1, NetSolutions received cash of $360 for three months’ rent beginning December 1.
Adjustment A4 – Record rent unearned as of December 31.
S2.....360 Revenues
Liabilities
Example S2 – Sale initially recorded as revenue.Example S2 – Sale initially recorded as revenue.
C3 - 34
Adjustments – Deferred RevenueAdjustments – Deferred Revenue
A4..... 240
Cash
Unearned Rent
Rent Revenue
S2..... 360
On December 1, NetSolutions received cash of $360 for three months’ rent beginning December 1.
Adjustment A4 – Record rent unearned as of December 31.
A4..... 240
S2.....360 Revenues
Liabilities
A4
Example S2 – Sale initially recorded as revenue.Example S2 – Sale initially recorded as revenue.
A4
C3 - 35
Adjustments – Accrued ExpenseAdjustments – Accrued Expense
Wages Payable
Wages Expense
NetSolutions received employee services for the last two days of December amounting to $250, to be paid later.
Adjustment A5 – Record accrued wages of $250.
Bal.....4,275 Expenses
Liabilities
C3 - 36
Adjustments – Accrued RevenueAdjustments – Accrued Revenue
Accounts Receivable
Fees Earned
As of December 31, NetSolutions provided 25 hours of services at $20 per hour to be billed next month.
Adjustment A6 – Record accrued fees earned of $500.
Bal....16,340 Revenues
AssetsBal.....2,220
C3 - 37
Summary of AdjustmentsSummary of Adjustments
DeferredExpenses
Expenses
Assets
A1 A2
Buying SideBuying Side
Rearrangingthe Debits
C3 - 38
Summary of AdjustmentsSummary of Adjustments
DeferredExpenses
Expenses
Assets
A1 A2
DeferredRevenues
Revenues
Liabilities
A3 A4
Buying SideBuying Side Selling SideSelling Side
Rearrangingthe Debits
Rearrangingthe Credits
C3 - 39
Summary of AdjustmentsSummary of Adjustments
Expenses
Liabilities
A5
AccruedExpenses
Buying SideBuying Side Selling SideSelling Side
Adding a NewTransaction
C3 - 40
Summary of AdjustmentsSummary of Adjustments
Expenses
Liabilities
A5
Revenues
Assets
A6
AccruedExpenses
Buying SideBuying Side Selling SideSelling Side
Adding a NewTransaction
Adding a NewTransaction
AccruedRevenues
C3 - 41
Summary of AdjustmentsSummary of Adjustments
DeferredExpenses
Expenses
Assets
A1 A2
Expenses
Liabilities
A5
DeferredRevenues
Revenues
Liabilities
A3 A4
Revenues
Assets
A6
AccruedExpenses
Buying SideBuying Side Selling SideSelling Side
Rearrangingthe Debits
Adding a NewTransaction
Rearrangingthe Credits
Adding a NewTransaction
AccruedRevenues
C3 - 42
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Power Notes
Chapter F3
The Matching Concept and the Adjusting Process The Matching Concept and the Adjusting Process
This is the last slide in Chapter F3. This is the last slide in Chapter F3.