Microprocessors

BYSandy G

History of microprocessors

In 1968, Robert Noyce, Gordan Moore, Andrew

Grove resigned from Fairchild SemiconductorsThe first microprocessor was developed by what was

then a small company called Intel(short for Integrated Electronics) in the early 1970s.

The chipset was a success and within a short while Intel developed a general purpose 4 bit microprocessor called the 4004.

In 1974 the more powerful second generation microprocessor (the 8008) was announced fabricated as a single chip. This was quickly followed by the Intel 8080.

Both the 8008 and the 8080 operated from a single +5v power supply (using NMOStechnology).

At about the same time Motorola released its first microprocessor, the 6800, which was also an 8 bit processor with about the same processing power as that of the intel 8080.

INTEL 4004 Intel 4004 was introduced in 1971. It was a 4-bit μP. It had clock speed was 740KHz. It had 2,300 transistors. It could execute around 60,000 instructions per

second.

8 bit &16 bit μPINTEL 8008INTEL 8080INTEL 8085INTEL 8086INTEL 8088INTEL 80186 & 80188INTEL 80286

INTEL 8008Introduced in 1972. It was first 8-bit μP. Its clock speed was 500 KHz.Could execute 50,000 instructions per second.

INTEL 8080INTEL 8080 It was 10 times faster than 8008.

32 bit μPINTEL 80386INTEL 80486INTEL PENTIUMINTEL PENTIUM PROINTEL PENTIUM IIINTEL PENTIUM II XEONINTEL PENTIUM IIIINTEL PENTIUM IVINTEL DUAL CORE

INTEL PENTIUM IVIntroduced in 2000. It was also 32-bit μP.Its clock speed was from 1.3 GHz to 3.8 GHz.L1 cache was of 32 KB & L2 cache of 256 KB.It had 42 million transistors.

INTEL DUAL COREIntroduced in 2006. It is 32-bit or 64-bit μP. It has two cores. It supported SMT technology. SMT: Simultaneously Multi-ThreadingE.g.: Adobe Photoshop

64 bit μPINTEL CORE 2 DUO

INTEL CORE I7

INTEL CORE I5

INTEL CORE I3

INTEL CORE 2 DUOIntroduced in 2006. It is a 64-bit μP. Its clock speed is from 1.2 GHz to 3 GHz. It has 291 million transistors. It has 64 KB of L1 cache per core and 4 MB

of L2 cache.

INTEL CORE I7Introduced in 2008.It is a 64-bit μP.It has 4 physical cores.Its clock speed is from 2.66 GHz to 3.33 GHz.It has 781 million transistors.It has 64 KB of L1 cache per core, 256 KB of

L2 cache and 8 MB of L3 cache. 29

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