BV of Lower Limbs (Veins)
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Veins of the lower limbs Deep veins Perforating veins Superficial veins Femoral vein Popliteal vein Venae commitantes of anterior tibial artery Venae commitantes of posterior tibial artery Venae commitantes of peroneal artery Connect superficial to deep veins Blood flow is one way – VALVES INSIDE ALLOW FLOW of BLOOD, superficial to deep (ONE WAY ONLY) Great saphenous vein has 5 perforators Small saphenous vein has 1 perforator Great saphenous vein Small saphenous vein Dorsal venous arch Veins Explanation Tributaries Dorsal venous arch Found in dorsum for foot Dorsal digital veins Dorsal metatarsal veins (4) Small saphenous Origin : lateral end of the dorsal venous arch Ends : popliteal vein ( through popliteal roof) Important relations: sural nerve Great saphenous Origin : Medial end of the dorsal venous arch in front of the medial malleolus End : femoral vein ( joins via saphenous opening) Largest and longest superficial vein in the body Used as graft for coronary vessel bypass
Transcript of BV of Lower Limbs (Veins)
Veins of the lower limbs Deep veins Perforating veins Superficial veins
Femoral vein Popliteal vein Venae commitantes of
anterior tibial artery Venae commitantes of
posterior tibial artery Venae commitantes of
peroneal artery
Connect superficial to deep veins
Blood flow is one way – VALVES INSIDE ALLOW FLOW of BLOOD, superficial to deep (ONE WAY ONLY)
Great saphenous vein has 5 perforators
Small saphenous vein has 1 perforator
Great saphenous vein Small saphenous vein Dorsal venous arch
Veins Explanation Tributaries Dorsal venous arch Found in dorsum for foot Dorsal digital veins
Dorsal metatarsal veins (4)
Small saphenous Origin : lateral end of the dorsal venous archEnds : popliteal vein ( through popliteal roof)
Important relations: sural nerve
Great saphenous Origin : Medial end of the dorsal venous arch in front of the medial malleolusEnd : femoral vein ( joins via saphenous opening)
Largest and longest superficial vein in the body
Used as graft for coronary vessel bypass
VARICOSE VEINS- COMMON IN women
Popliteal Origins : lower border of popliteusEnds : by passing behind of adductor hiatus
Upward continuation of the venae commitantes of anterior and posterior tibial veins
Continues as the femoral vein
Short saphenous veinVenae Commitantes of the ant &
post tibial and peroneal arteries
Femoral Origin : lower end of adductor canalEnd : become external iliac vein by passing behind the inguinal ligament
Upward continuation of the popliteal vein
Continues as the external iliac vein Major relations:
Femoral canal (medially) Femoral artery & nerve
(laterally)
Great saphenous vein Muscular veins Medial and lateral circumflex
femoral veins
Factors for venous drainage of lower limbs Superficial Veins (Great Saphenous) have multiple valves which hold blood column
MOST IMPORTANT VALVE--at SAPHENO-FEMORAL JUNCTION--INCOMPETENT IN VARICOSITY
VALVES IN PERFORATING VEINS & OBLIQUITY IN PIERCING DEEP FASCIA BY PERFORATING--ALLOW UNI-DIRECTIONAL BLOOD flow Superficial Veins to Deep Veins
MUSCULO-VENOUS PUMP--CALF MUSCLES (SOLEUS) COMPRESS DEEP VEINS --MILKING THE BLOOD UP TOWARDS THE HEART
PRESENCE OF COMPETENT VALVES PREVENT REFLUX (DEEP TO SUPERFICIAL) SUPPLEMENTED BY MUSCLES WHICH HELP PUMPING TOWARDS HEART
INCOMPETENT VALVES (both SUPERFICIAL VEINS & PERORATORS)-DILATED & TORTUOUS SUPERFICIAL VEINS (VARICOSE VEINS)
Increased Venous Pressure Damage Cells, Also Blood Exudes Into Soft Tissue-VARICOSE ULCERS
