JITESH KUMAR ROLL NO.31

BUSINESS PLANON

BIODIESEL

NEED OF THE HOUR

Increment in future demand for non-conventional resources

Eco- friendly fuel Reduction of dependence on oil from

outside the country Reduction in green house gas emission Reduction in Public health risk Reduction in Air pollution

The prevailing Market Current Market : The global markets for biodiesel are entering a

period of rapid, transitional growth, creating both uncertainty and opportunity. The first generation biodiesel markets in Europe and the US have reached impressive biodiesel production capacity levels, but remain constrained by feedstock availability. In the BRIC nations of Brazil, India and China, key government initiatives are spawning hundreds of new opportunities for feedstock development, biodiesel production, and export" said Biodiesel 2020 author Will Thurmond.

SPECFIC MARKET: Tag of a developing country with a huge

energy demand has forced India to depend on other countries for fuel (oil), increasing the risk exposure of the country to the volatility of crude oil prices in the international market. huge potential in terms of production, the Indian biofuel industry will prove to be a good option for biofuels producers, says "Emerging Biofuel Market in India”, a recent research report on the Indian biofuel industry.

… Ethanol dominates the world biofuel market

and its production is expected to grow at a CAGR of around 6% during 2008-2017.

Worldwide biodiesel production is expected to grow at a CAGR of over 5% from 2008 to 2017.

Ethanol production of India is likely to attain a CAGR of slightly over 2% during the period 2008-2017.

…

Increased ethanol use is expected to supersede the production during the forecasted period.

Domestic ethanol consumption in India is projected to expand at a CAGR of around 6.5% during 2008–2017.

India’s total biodiesel requirement is projected to grow to 3.6 Million Metric Tons in 2011-12,

SWOT Analyse

Strengths Large , unexploited production potential of

agriculture and rural areas (resource of land and workers)

No air pollution, Low price (Workers & Land) Low costs of operating and keeping in

Weakness:

Low level of education among the agricultural producers

Low capital resources of farmers Distant relation of farms with the market

( the unmarketable farms mostly) Lack of infrastructures Lack of knowledge about Biodiesel

Opportunity:

A Global Market Survey find that new developers, farmers, feedstock providers, producers, and investors who can meet growing demands for supply are expected to benefit from this emerging market.

Key advantages in the future will be available to producers and investors to supply future needs with new and improved technologies. yields such as jatropha and algae biodiesel; production scalability and

… flexibility options; supply chain, distribution

and co-location strategies; innovative risk management strategies; and industry-friendly government targets and tax incentives committed to promoting the awareness and growth of the industry.

Threat

Energy and fuel companies monopoly (controlled access to distribution channels).

Higher competitiveness of producers from other regions

.

PRODUCT AND ITS DEVELOPMENT

Bio Diesel has Physical properties very similar to conventional diesel. Bio diesel’s Physical characteristic:

Specific gravity 0.87 to 0.89 Kinematic viscosity 40*c 3.7 to 5.8 Catane Number 46 to 70 Higher heating value 16928 to

17996 Sulfur, wt % 0 to

0.0024

… Cloud point *C -11 to

16 Pour point *C -15 to

13 Iodine Number 60 to

135 Lower heating value 15,700 to

16,735

Input Volume % Output Volume %

Oil & Fat 87 % Ester 86%

Alcohol 12 % Alcohol 4%

catalyst 1 % Fertilizer 1%

Glycerin 9%

Process Input Level Process Output Level

Biodiesel Production Process

Resource Requirement Raw Material (Jatropha seed and oil) Selection of improved germ-plasm material

for quality and quantity of oil ; Selection of the bio-crop for production of Biodiesel i.e. Jatropha curcas & others; Developing agro-technologies for different agro-climatic regions; Total chemical analysis of all potential non-edible oils with special reference to Jatropha Curcas Oil.

Production Technology

Research efforts for perfecting an efficient chemical/ catalyst conversion process ; Development of Bio-catalyst i.e. Lipase catalyzed esterification ; Development of Heterogeneous Catalyst i.e. use of smart polymers ; Alternate uses of by-products i.e. glycerol and meal cake.

Utilization as Fuel Data generation & Production of bio-diesel

from all possible feed stocks; Response of different available additives and their dosages on the bio-diesel ; Effect of bio-diesel on elastomers, corrosion etc ; Stability of Bio diesel - Oxidation stability, Thermal Stability and Storage Stability; Engine Performance and emissions based on different feedstock based Bio-diesels ; Toxicological Studies and Tests to check Adulteration

Plants in operation/ under construction Different technologies are currently available

and used in the industrial production of bio-diesel, which is sold under different trademarks. For example, there are the Italian processes Novamont, and the French IFP. A number of units are manufacturing bio-diesel worldwide. These units are using sunflower oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, used-frying oil, Jatropha oil, etc. as a source of triglycerides. Additional capacities are expected in Japan and the palm oil producing countries, Indonesia and Malaysia. Actual

production grew from 10,000 tons in 1991 to 661,000 tons in 1997. France is the leading producer with 227,000 tons (in 1996).

Blending of Esters & Diesel Blending conventional Diesel Fuel (DF) with

esters (usually methyl esters) of vegetable oils is presently the most common form of bio-diesel. The most common ratio is 80% conventional diesel fuel and 20% vegetable oil ester, also termed “B20,” indicating the 20% level of bio-diesel; There have been numerous reports that significant emission reductions are achieved with these blends and no engine problems were reported in larger-scale tests with B20. Another advantage of bio-diesel blends is the simplicity of fuel preparation, which only requires mixing of the components.

… Ester blends have been reported to be

stable. One limitation to the use of bio-diesel is its tendency to crystallize at low temperatures below 0°C. causing problems in fuel pumping and engine operation. One solution to this problem may be the use of branched-chain esters, such as isopropyl esters. Another method to improve the cold flow properties of vegetable oil esters is to remove high-melting saturated esters by inducing crystallization with cooling, a process known as winterization.

Storage & handling of Bio-Diesel As a general rule blends of bio-diesel and petroleum

diesel should be treated like petroleum diesel. Though the flash point of bio-diesel is high, still storage precautions somewhat like that in storing the diesel fuel need to be taken. Based on experience so far, it is recommended that bio-diesel can be stored up to a maximum period of 6 months. Bio-diesel vegetable methyl esters contain no volatile organic compounds that can give rise to poisonous or noxious fumes. There is no aromatic hydrocarbon (benzene, toluene, xylene) or chlorinated hydrocarbons. There is no lead or sulphur to react and release any harmful or corrosive gases. However, in case of bio-diesel blends significant fumes released by benzene and other aromatics present in the base diesel fuel can continue.

Engine Development & Modifications:

The use of unrefined vegetable oil leads to poor fuel atomization due to high viscosity resulting in poor combustion and also more gum formation in fuel injector, liner etc. The results of emissions of using unrefined vegetable oils were unfavorable and were also accompanied by deposit formation . Therefore, it is necessary to esterify the vegetable oil for use in engines. However, these problems can be addressed by use of a suitable additives package. Engine oil dilution is a potential problem with biodiesel since it is more prone to oxidation and polymerization

… than diesel fuel. The presence of biodiesel in

engine could cause thick sludge to occur with the consequence that the oil becomes too thick to pump. Engine oil formulations need to be studied to minimize the effect of dilution with biodiesel. It must be noted that the light duty diesel engines are sufficiently different from heavy duty diesel engines in many aspects and one should not expect that the emission behavior of the two types of engines would be same. This fact should be kept in mind while transferring conclusions of studies done on one type of engine to other type of engines.

Quality Control

One of our unique selling points will be quality control. We have appointed one of the worlds’ leading testing companies to oversee all of our quality control procedures.. Biodiesel Production India will oversee the implementation of the Laboratory to ensure compliance with best practice and the EN 14214 standard. Ensure that our Biodiesel is of the highest quality, and at all times satisfies the EN 14214 specification. Our Biodiesel will be sold as pure Biodiesel (B100), but there will be no visible product.

Sales and marketing strategy The Company will target operators of fleet and

transportation companies. Geographically, the company will initially concentrate car manufacturers. To insure rapid growth, the company plans to sell Biodiesel distributors at a small discount compared to regular diesel. In the first 3 years, the Company's output is expected to grow in accordance with the growth of the export market (around 30% yearly). The Company plans to start producing about 36 Klr month in the first 12 months of operation. This output will be increased by 5% in subsequent years

Competitor

Our major competitor is mainly foreign company, which is producing much more. In India the company as like ONGC, IOC, Reliance Petrochemical & Gas Etc, are our domestic competitor.

Marketing Mix

Product: Biodiesel

Price: Rs. 25/Ltr.

Palace: Jamnagar (Gujarat)

Promotion: Advertisement

Financial Details (A) Fixed Capital : Land – 6,000 sq.mt @ Rs. 1,000/sq.mt = Rs.

6,000,000 Building Plant 5,000 sq.mt @ Rs. 300/sq.mt =

Rs.15,00,000 Office 1000 sq.mt @ Rs. 400/sq.mt = Rs 4,00,000

Total = Rs. 79,00,000

Machinery & Equipment –

Total = Rs. 1,000,000

Sr. No. Machinery & Equipment

Qty Price Amount

1 Reactor 3 32,000 96,000

2 Esterification 2 1,10,000 2,20,000

3 Filter 4 25,000 1,00,000

4 Distillation 1 1,25,000 1,25,000

5 Transesterification 1 75,000 75,000

6 Evaporator 1 35,000 35,000

7 Cooling Machine 1 40,000 40,000

8 Storage Tank 5 61,800 3,09,000

Pollution Machinery:

Total = Rs. 3,00,000

Sr.No. Machinery Qty Price Amount

1 Air Bag 2 15,000 30,000

2 Smoke Prestipator 4 25,000 1,00,000

3 Smoke Settler 2 30,000 60,000

4 Nets & Other 3 40,000 1,20,000

Others – Electric Bill = 20,000 Miscellaneous = 10,000

Total = Rs. 30,000

(B) Working Capital : Personnel—

Total = Rs. 1,46,200

Sr.No. Person No. Salary Amount

1 Plant Supervisor 2 5,000 10,000

2 Chemical Eng. 2 25,000 50,000

3 Skilled Labor 12 35,000 42,000

4 Unskilled Labor 8 3,000 24,000

5 Watch Man 2 25,00 5,000

6 Store Keeper 2 4,000 8,000

7 Peon 2 36,00 72,00

Raw material –

Total = Rs. 1,995,000

(Per Month)

Sr.No. Raw Material Klr/Day Price/klr Amount

1 Jatropha Oils 24 30 7,20,000

2 Methanol 4.5 250 1,125,000

3 Glycerol 0.75 1,00,000 75,000

4 Catalyst 1.5 50,000 75,000

Utility – Rs. 30,000

Other Contingent Expense –

Total = Rs. 50,000 (Per Month)

Sr.No. Expenses Amount

1 Insurance 15,000

2 Telephone 8,000

3 Stationary 5,000

4 Travelling 12,000

5 Advertising 10,000

Working Capital (3 Months) :

Personnel (1,46,200 * 3 = 438,600) +

Raw Material (1,995,000 * 3 = 5,985,000) +

Utility (30000 * 3 = 90,000) + Other Contingent Expense (50,000 * 3 =

1,50,000)

Total = Rs. 6,663,600

(C) Total Capital Investment :

Total Fixed Capital + Working Capital

(3 months)

( 9,500,000 + 6,663,600 ) Total = Rs. 16,163,600

Financial Analyse Cost Production / Year : 15% On Machinery depreciation = 3,95,000 5% On land = 1,50,000

Cost Of Production (Fixed Cost Of 12th Month) =

6,400,000 Interest – Subsidiary = 55,000

Total = Rs.

7,000,000

Capacity Per Day = 1 Klr Per Month = 30 Klr Per Year = 360 Klr

Turn Over / Year : Rs. 9,000,000

Net Profit / Year

(Turn Over / Year = Rs. 9,000,000 -

Cost Production / Year = 7,000,000)

Total = Rs. 2,000,000

Net Profit Ratio

2,000,000 × 100 9,000,000 Total = 22.22%

Return On Investment (RoI)

2,000,000 × 100 16,163,600

Total = 12.37%

Resources

The Company expects to raise Rs.3,700,000

of its own capital. Remaining funds will given by Financial Institutions & Government of India (GoI).

S.B.I I.D.B.I

THANKS