BS en 1714-98_Ultrasonic Examination of Weld Joint

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BRITISH STANDARD BS EN1714 : 1998

IncorporatingCorrigendum No. 1

The European Standard EN 1714 : 1997 has the status of aBritish Standard

ICS 25.160.40

NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW

Non-destructive examinationof welded joints Ð

Ultrasonic examination ofwelded joints

This British Standard, havingbeen prepared under thedirection of the EngineeringSector Board, was publishedunder the authority of theStandards Board and comes intoeffect on 15 January 1998

BSI 1998

ISBN 0 580 28933 8

BS EN 1714 : 1998 Issue 2, October 1998

Amendments issued since publication

Amd. No. Date Text affected

10286Corr No.1

October1998

See national foreword

National foreword

This British Standard is the English language version of EN 1714 : 1997. Itsupersedes BS 3923 : Part 1 : 1986, which is withdrawn.

The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical CommitteeWEE/46, Non-destructive testing, which has the responsibility to:

Ð aid enquirers to understand the text;

Ð present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on theinterpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed;

Ð monitor related international and European developments and promulgatethem in the UK.

A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request toits secretary.

The first column of Table A.1 has been corrected by Amendment No. 1, andinformation on the back cover has been updated.

Cross-references

The British Standards which implement international or European publicationsreferred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under thesection entitled `International Standards Correspondence Index', or by using the`Find' facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue.

A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of acontract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.

Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunityfrom legal obligations.

CENEuropean Committee for Standardization

ComiteÂ EuropeÂen de Normalisation

EuropaÈisches Komitee fuÈ r Normung

Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels

1997 CEN Ð All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved for CEN National Members.

Ref. No. EN 1714 : 1997 E

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1714

NORME EUROPEÂ ENNE

EUROPAÈ ISCHE NORM September 1997

ICS 25.160.40

Descriptors: Welded joints, fusion welding, metals, non-destructive tests, quality control, weld defects, ultrasonic tests, testing conditions,surface treatment

English version

Non-destructive examination of welds Ð Ultrasonic examination ofwelded joints

ControÃ le non destructif des assemblages soudeÂs ÐControÃ le par ultrasons des assemblages soudeÂs

ZerstoÈrungsfreie PruÈfung vonSchweiûverbindungen Ð UltraschallpruÈfung vonSchweiûverbindungen

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1997-08-02. CEN members arebound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate theconditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standardwithout any alteration.

Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standardsmay be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German).A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of aCEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has thesame status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, CzechRepublic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland andUnited Kingdom.

EN 1714 : 1997

BSI 1998

Foreword

This European Standard has been prepared byTechnical Committee CEN/TC 121, Welding, thesecretariat of which is held by DS.

This European Standard shall be given the status of anational standard, either by publication of an identicaltext or by endorsement, at the latest by February 1998,and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawnat the latest by February 1998.

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations,the national standards organizations of the followingcountries are bound to implement this EuropeanStandard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark,Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland,Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

Contents

Page

Foreword 2

1 Scope 3

2 Normative references 3

3 Definitions and symbols 3

4 General 3

5 Information required prior toexamination 4

6 Requirements for personnel andequipment 4

7 Examination volume 5

8 Preparation of scanning surfaces 5

9 Parent metal examination 6

10 Range and sensitivity setting 6

11 Examination levels 7

12 Examination technique 8

13 Examination report 9

Annex

A (normative) Examination levels forvarious types of welded joints 10

Tables

1 Quantities and symbols 4

2 Sensitivity and range corrections 7

3 Reference levels for angle beamscanning with transverse waves formethod 2 (DGS) 7

4 Reference levels for longitudinalwaves for method 2 (DGS) 7

5 Recommended examination levels 8

A.1 Butt joints in plates and pipes 11

A.2 Structural T-joints 13

A.3 Set-through nozzle joints 15

A.4 Structural L-joints 17

A.5 Set-on nozzle joints 19

A.6 Cruciform joints 21

A.7 Node of joints in tubular structures 23

Figures

1 Example of examination volume to becovered when scanning forlongitudinal indications 6

2 Coordinate system for defining thelocation of indications 8

A.1 Butt joints in plates and pipes 10

A.2 Structural T-joints 12

A.3 Set-through nozzle joints 14

A.4 Structural L-joints 16

A.5 Set-on nozzle joints 18

A.6 Cruciform joints 20

A.7 Node joints in tubular structures 22

EN 1714 : 1997

BSI 1998

1 ScopeThis European Standard specifies methods for themanual ultrasonic examination of fusion welded jointsin metallic materials equal to and above 8 mm thickwhich exhibit low ultrasonic attenuation (especiallythat due to scatter). It is primarily intended for use onfull penetration welded joints where both the weldedand parent material are ferritic.

Where specified and appropriate, techniques may alsobe used:

± on materials other than those stated;

± on partial penetration welds;

± with automated equipment;

by agreement between the contracting parties.

Where material dependent ultrasonic values arespecified in this standard they are based on steelshaving an ultrasonic sound velocity of 5920 ± 50 m/sfor longitudinal waves, and 3255 ± 30 m/s for transversewaves. This is to be taken into account whenexamining materials with a different velocity.

The standard specifies four examination levels, eachcorresponding to a different probability of detection ofimperfections. Guidance on the selection ofexamination levels A, B and C is given in annex A. Therequirements of the fourth examination level, which isintended for special applications, are in accordancewith the general requirements of this standard and asagreed between the contracting parties.

This standard, by agreement between the contractingparties, permits assessment of indications, foracceptance purposes, by either of the followingmethods:

1) evaluation based primarily on length and echoamplitude of the signal indication;

2) evaluation based on characterization and sizingof the indication by probe movement methods.

2 Normative referencesThis European Standard incorporates, by dated orundated references, provisions from other publications.These normative references are cited at theappropriate places in the text and the publications arelisted as follows. For dated references, subsequentamendments to or revisions of any of thesepublications apply to this European Standard onlywhen incorporated in it by amendment or revision. Forundated references the latest edition of the publicationreferred to applies.

EN 473 Qualification and certification ofNDT personnel Ð General principles

prEN 583-1 Non-destructive testing ÐUltrasonic examination ÐPart 1: General principles

prEN 583-2 Non-destructive testing ÐUltrasonic examination ÐPart 2: Sensitivity and range setting

prEN 1330-4 Non-destructive testing ÐTerminology ÐPart 4: Terms used in ultrasonictesting

prEN 1712 Non-destructive examination ofwelds Ð Ultrasonic examination ofwelded joints Ð Acceptance levels

prEN 1713 Non-destructive examination ofwelds Ð Ultrasonic examination ÐCharacterization of imperfections inwelds

prEN 12062 Non-destructive examination ofwelds Ð General rules for metallicmaterials

EN 25817 Arc-welded joints in steel Ð Guidanceon quality levels for imperfections(ISO 5817 : 1992)

3 Definitions and symbolsFor the purposes of this standard, the definitions givenin prEN 12062 and prEN 1330-4 apply.

For quantities and symbols, see table 1.

Indications shall be considered to be eitherlongitudinal or transverse, depending on the directionof their major dimension with respect to the weldaxis, x, in accordance with figure 2.

4 GeneralThe purpose of this standard is to describe generalmethods of ultrasonic examination, using standardcriteria, for the most commonly used weld joints. Thespecific requirements specified by this standard coverthe equipment, preparation, performance of theexamination and reporting. The parameters specified,in particular those for the probes, are compatible withthe requirements of prEN 1712 and prEN 1713, and arealso suitable for use with other acceptance criteriastandards. The techniques recommended in thisstandard are suitable for the detection of those weldimperfections specified in typical weld acceptancestandards. Methods to be used for ultrasonicassessment of indications and acceptance criteria shallbe agreed between contracting parties.

If the agreed acceptance criteria require a more precisedetermination of the height and nature of the defect,e.g. when fitness-for-purpose criteria are applied, thismay necessitate the use of techniques or methodsoutside the scope of this standard.

EN 1714 : 1997

BSI 1998

Table 1. Quantities and symbols

Symbol Quantity Unit

t Thickness of parent material (thinnest part) mm

DDSR Diameter of a disc shaped reflector mm

DSDH Diameter of a side-drilled hole mm

l Length of the indication mm

h Extension of the indication in depth direction mm

x Position of the indication in the longitudinal direction mm

y Position of the indication in the transverse direction mm

z Position of the indication in depth mm

lz Projected length of the indication in depth mm

lx Projected length of the indication in the x-direction mm

ly Projected length of the indication in the y-direction mm

p Full skip distance mm

5 Information required prior toexamination

5.1 Items subject to agreement between thecontracting parties

The following items shall be agreed upon:

± method for setting the reference level;

± method to be used for evaluation of indications;

± acceptance levels;

± examination level;

± manufacturing and operation stage(s) at which theexamination is to be carried out;

± qualification of personnel;

± extent of the examination for transverseindications;

± requirements for tandem examination;

± parent metal examination prior to and/or afterwelding;

± whether or not a written examination procedure isrequired;

± requirements for written examination procedures.

5.2 Specific information required beforeexamination

Before any examination of a welded joint can begin,the operator shall have access to the followingessential information:

± written examination procedure, if required(see 5.3);

± type(s) of parent material and product form(i.e. cast, forged, rolled);

± manufacturing or operation stage at whichexamination is to be made including heat treatment,if any;

± time and extent of any post-weld heat treatment;

± joint preparation and dimensions;

± requirements for surface conditions;

± welding procedure or relevant information on thewelding process;

± reporting requirements;

± acceptance levels;

± extent of examinations, including requirements fortransverse indications, if relevant;

± examination level;

± personnel qualification level;

± procedures for corrective actions whenunacceptable indications are revealed.

5.3 Written examination procedure

The definitions and requirements in this standard willnormally satisfy the need for a written procedure.Where this is not the case, or where the techniquesdescribed in this standard are not applicable to theweld joint to be examined, additional writtenprocedures shall be used, by agreement betweencontracting parties.

6 Requirements for personnel andequipment

6.1 Personnel qualifications

Personnel performing examinations in accordance withthis standard shall be qualified to an appropriate levelin accordance with EN 473 or equivalent in therelevant industrial sector.

In addition to a general knowledge of ultrasonic weldinspection, they shall also be familiar with testingproblems specifically associated with the type of weldjoints to be examined.

6.2 Equipment

Any equipment used in conjunction with this standardshall comply with the requirements of relevantEuropean Standards. Prior to the publication of anEN standard related to the subject, the correspondingnational standards may be used.

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6.3 Probe parameters

6.3.1 Frequency

The frequency shall be within the range 2 MHz to5 MHz, and shall be selected to comply with thespecified acceptance levels.

For the initial examination, the frequency shall be aslow as possible, within the above range, when theevaluation is carried out according to acceptance levelsbased on length and amplitude, e.g. prEN 1712. Higherfrequencies may be used to improve range resolution ifthis is necessary when using standards for acceptancelevels based on characterization of imperfections,e.g. prEN 1713.

Frequencies of approximately 1 MHz may be used forexamination at long sound paths where the materialshows above average attenuation.

6.3.2 Angles of incidence

When examination is carried out with transverse wavesand techniques that require the ultrasonic beam to bereflected from an opposite surface, care shall be takento ensure that the incident angle of the beam, with theopposite reflecting surface, is not less than 35Ê andpreferably not greater than 70Ê. Where more than oneprobe angle is used, at least one of the angle probesused shall conform with this requirement. One of theprobe angles used shall ensure that the weld fusionfaces are examined at, or as near as possible to,normal incidence. When the use of two or more probeangles is specified, the difference between the nominalbeam angles shall be 10Ê or greater.

Angles of incidence at the probe and oppositereflecting surface, when curved, may be determined bydrawing a sectional view of the weld or in accordancewith the methods given in prEN 583-2. Where angles ofincidence cannot be determined as specified by thisstandard the examination report shall contain acomprehensive description of the scans used and theextent of any incomplete coverage caused togetherwith an explanation of the difficulties encountered.

6.3.3 Adaption of probes to curved scanningsurfaces

The gap between the test surface and bottom of theprobe shoe shall not be greater than 0,5 mm. Forcylindrical or spherical surfaces this requirement willnormally be met when the following equation isfulfilled:

D$ 15 a

where:

D is the diameter of the component (in mm);

a is the dimension of the probe shoe in thedirection of examination (in mm).

If this requirement cannot be met the probe shoe shallbe adapted to the surface and the sensitivity and rangeshall be set accordingly.

7 Examination volumeThe examination volume (see figure 1) is defined asthe zone which includes weld and parent material forat least 10 mm on each side of the weld, or the widthof the heat affected zone, whichever is greater.

In all cases scanning shall cover the wholeexamination volume. If individual sections of thisvolume cannot be covered in at least one scanningdirection, or if the angles of incidence with theopposite surface do not meet the requirements of6.3.2, alternative or supplementary ultrasonictechniques or other non-destructive methods shall beagreed upon. This may, in some cases, require removalof the weld reinforcement.

Supplementary methods may require examination usingtwin crystal angle beam probes, creeping wave probes,further ultrasonic techniques or any other suitablemethod, for example, liquid penetrant, magneticparticle, radiographic examination. In selectingalternative or supplementary methods, dueconsideration should be given to the type of weld andprobable orientation of any imperfections to bedetected.

8 Preparation of scanning surfacesScanning surfaces shall be wide enough to permit theexamination volume (see figure 1) to be fully covered.Alternatively, the width of the scanning surfaces maybe smaller if equivalent coverage of the examinationvolume can be achieved by scanning from both theupper and the lower surface of the joint.

Scanning surfaces shall be even and free from foreignmatter likely to interfere with probe coupling (e.g. rust,loose scale, weld spatter, notches, grooves). Wavinessof the test surface shall not result in a gap between theprobe and test surfaces greater than 0,5 mm. Theserequirements shall be ensured by dressing if necessary.Local variations in surface contour, e.g. along the edgeof the weld, which result in a gap beneath the probe ofup to 1 mm, can only be permitted if at least oneadditional probe angle is employed from the affectedside at the weld. This additional scanning is necessaryto compensate for the reduced weld coverage that willoccur with a gap of this dimension.

In all cases, the maximum permitted gap on areas ofthe test surface from which the evaluation ofindications is to be carried out shall be 0,5 mm.Scanning surfaces and surfaces from which the soundbeam is reflected may be assumed to be satisfactory ifthe surface roughness, Ra, is not greater than 6,3 mmfor machined surfaces, or not greater than 12,5 mm forshotblasted surfaces.

EN 1714 : 1997

BSI 1998

12

Width of examination volumeScanning surface

Figure 1. Example of examination volume to be covered when scanning for longitudinalindications

9 Parent metal examinationThe parent metal, in the scanning zone area, shall beexamined with straight beam probes prior to or afterwelding, unless it can be demonstrated (e.g. previousexaminations during the fabrication process) that theangle probe examination of the weld will not beinfluenced by the presence of the imperfections orhigh attenuation.

Where imperfections are found their influence on theproposed angle beam examination shall be assessedand, if necessary, the techniques adjustedcorrespondingly. When satisfactory coverage byultrasonic examination is seriously affected, byagreement, other inspection methods (e.g. radiography)shall be considered.

10 Range and sensitivity setting

10.1 General

Setting of range and sensitivity shall be carried outprior to each examination in accordance with thisstandard and prEN 583-2. Checks to confirm thesesettings shall be performed at least every 4 h and oncompletion of the examination. Checks shall also becarried out whenever a system parameter is changedor changes in the equivalent settings are suspected.

If deviations are found during these checks thecorrections given in table 2 shall be carried out.

EN 1714 : 1997

BSI 1998

Table 2. Sensitivity and range corrections

Sensitivity

1 Deviations# 4 dB The setting shall be corrected before the examination is continued

2 Reduction of thesensitivity > 4 dB

Setting shall be corrected and all examinations carried out with the equipmentover the previous period shall be repeated

3 Increase insensitivity > 4 dB

Setting shall be corrected and all recorded indications shall be re-examined

Range

1 Deviations# 2 % ofthe range

The setting shall be corrected before examination is continued

2 Deviations > 2 % ofthe range

Setting shall be corrected and examinations carried out with the equipment overthe previous period shall be repeated

10.2 Reference level

One of the following methods for setting referencelevels shall be used:

± Method 1: The reference level is adistance-amplitude-curve (DAC-curve) for a[ 3 mmside drilled hole;

± Method 2: The reference levels for transverse andlongitudinal waves using the distance gain size(DGS) system based on a disc shaped reflector(DSR) are given in tables 3 and 4 respectively;

± Method 3: The reference level is equal to a DACcurve for a 1 mm deep rectangular notch.

± Tandem examination: DDSR = 6 mm (for allthicknesses).

Table 3. Reference levels for angle beam scanningwith transverse waves for method 2 (DGS)

NominalprobefrequencyMHz

Thickness of parent materialmm

8# t < 15 15# t < 40 40# t # 100

1,5 to 2,5 Ð DDSR = 2 mm DDSR = 3 mm

3 to 5 DDSR = 1 mm DDSR = 1,5 mm Ð

Table 4. Reference levels for longitudinal waves formethod 2 (DGS)

NominalprobefrequencyMHz

Thickness of parent materialmm

8# t < 15 15# t < 40 40# t # 100

1,5 to 2,5 Ð DDSR = 2 mm DDSR = 3 mm

3 to 5 DDSR = 2 mm DDSR = 2 mm DDSR = 3 mm

10.3 Evaluation levels

All indications equal to or exceeding the followingshall be evaluated:

± Methods 1 and 3: Reference level 210 dB(33 % DAC);

± Method 2: Reference level 24 dB, in accordancewith tables 3 and 4 respectively;

± Tandem examination: DDSR = 6 mm (for allthicknesses).

10.4 Transfer correction

When separate blocks are used for establishingreference levels a measurement shall be made of thetransfer differences, between test object and block, ata representative number of locations. Suitabletechniques are described in prEN 583-2.

If the differences are less than 2 dB, correction is notrequired.

If the differences are greater than 2 dB but smallerthan 12 dB, they shall be compensated for.

If transfer losses exceed 12 dB, the reason shall beconsidered and further preparation of the scanningsurfaces shall be carried out, if applicable.

When there are no apparent reasons for highcorrection values, the attenuation, at various locationson the test object, shall be measured and, where it isfound to vary significantly, corrective actionsconsidered.

10.5 Signal to noise ratio

During examination of the weld the noise levelexcluding spurious surface indications shall remain atleast 12 dB below the evaluation level. Thisrequirement may be relaxed subject to agreementbetween the contracting parties.

11 Examination levelsQuality requirements for welded joints are mainlyassociated with the material, welding process andservice conditions. To accommodate all of theserequirements this standard specifies four examinationlevels (A, B, C and D).

From examination level A to examination level C anincreasing probability of detection will be achieved byan increasing examination coverage e.g. number ofscans, surface dressing. The examination level D maybe agreed for special application using a writtenprocedure which shall take into account the generalrequirements of this standard.

In general the examination levels are related to qualitylevels (e.g. EN 25817). The appropriate examinationlevel may be specified by standards for examination ofwelds (e.g. prEN 12062), product standards or otherdocuments.

EN 1714 : 1997

BSI 1998

1 Origin

Figure 2. Co-ordinate system for defining the location of indications

When prEN 12062 is specified the recommendedexamination levels are as given in table 5.

Table 5. Recommended examination levels

Examination level Quality level in EN 25817

A C

B B

C By agreement

D Special application

Specific requirements for examination levels A to C aregiven for various types of joints in annex A. It shouldbe noted that the joint types shown are ideal examplesonly and where actual weld conditions or accessibilitydo not conform exactly with those shown, theexamination technique shall be modified to satisfy thegeneral requirements of this standard and the specificexamination level required. For these cases a writtentest procedure shall be prepared.

12 Examination technique

12.1 General

Ultrasonic examinations shall be performed inaccordance with prEN 583-1 with the addition of thefollowing clauses.

12.2 Manual scan path

During angle probe scanning (as illustrated in figure 1)a slight swivelling movement up to an angle of 10Ê oneither side of the nominal beam direction may beapplied to the probe.

12.3 Examination for imperfectionsperpendicular to the examination surface

Subsurface planar imperfections perpendicular to theexamination surface are difficult to detect with singleangle probe techniques. For such imperfectionsspecific examination techniques should be considered,particularly for welds in thicker materials. Use of theseexamination techniques shall be by agreement betweenthe contracting parties.

12.4 Location of indications

The location of all indications shall be defined byreference to a co-ordinate system, e.g. as shown infigure 2. A point on the examination surface shall beselected as the origin for these measurements.

Where examination is carried out from more than onesurface, reference points shall be established on eachsurface. In this case care shall be taken to establish apositional relationship between all reference pointsused, so that the absolute location of all indicationscan be established from any nominated referencepoint.

In the case of circumferential welds this may requirethe establishment of the inner and outer referencepoints prior to assembly for welding.

12.5 Evaluation of indications

12.5.1 General

All relevant indications above the evaluation level shallbe assessed in accordance with clauses 12.5.2to 12.5.4.

EN 1714 : 1997

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12.5.2 Maximum echo amplitude

The echo amplitude shall be maximized by probemovement and recorded in relation to the agreedreference level.

12.5.3 Indication length

The length of the indication, in either the longitudinalor transverse direction shall, where possible, bedetermined using the technique specified in theacceptance levels standard or the 6 dB drop tiplocation technique, unless otherwise agreed.

12.5.4 Indication height

Indication height measurement shall be carried out byagreement only. If applicable, the following methodshall be used:

Where possible, for imperfections which generate morethan one distinct peak in the received signal whenscanned in the through-thickness direction, theheight (h) shall be measured by a probe movementtechnique. It is recommended that when an indicationhas a measured height of 3 mm and above, theindication height is recorded. However, other higherthreshold heights for recording may be agreed upon.

12.5.5 Characterization of imperfections

Imperfections shall be characterized only by agreementbetween the contracting parties, or when necessary tomeet the requirements of the specified acceptancelevels.

13 Examination report

13.1 General

The examination report shall include a reference tothis standard and give, as a minimum, the followinginformation.

13.2 General data

a) identification of the object under examination:

± material and product form;

± dimensions;

± location of weld/welded joint examined;

± sketch showing geometrical configuration(if necessary);

± reference to the welding procedure, specificationand heat treatment;

± state of manufacture;

± surface conditions;

± temperature of the object, if outside the range0 ÊC to 40 ÊC;

b) contract requirements, e.g. specifications,guidelines, special agreements etc.;

c) place and date of examination;

d) identification of examination organizations andidentification and certification of operator;

e) identification of inspection authority.

13.3 Information relating to equipment

a) maker and type of ultrasonic instrument withidentification number, if required;

b) maker, type, nominal frequency and actual angleof incidence of probes used with identificationnumber, if required;

c) identification of reference blocks used, with asketch, if necessary;

d) couplant medium.

13.4 Information relating to examinationtechnique

a) examination level(s) and reference to writtenprocedure, when used;

b) extent of examination;

c) location of the scanning areas;

d) reference points and details of co-ordinate systemused, as specified in 12.4;

e) identification of probe positions, as specified inannex A or by use of a sketch;

f) time base range;

g) method and values used for sensitivity setting(gain setting for reference levels and values used fortransfer corrections);

h) reference levels;

i) result of the parent material examination;

j) standard for acceptance levels;

k) deviations from this standard, or contractrequirements.

13.5 Results of the examination

Tabular summary (or sketches) providing the followinginformation for recorded indications:

a) co-ordinates of the indication, as specified in 12.4,with details of associated probes and correspondingprobe positions;

b) maximum echo amplitude, as specified in 12.5.2,and information, if required, on the type and size ofindication;

c) lengths of indications, as specified in 12.5.3;

d) results of evaluation, according to specifiedacceptance levels.

EN 1714 : 1997

BSI 1998

1 Side 12 Top view3 Side 24 Side view5 Scanning zone width (SZW) related to skip distance p

Whenever possible, all scans shall be carried out from both sides (1 and 2)

Figure A.1 Butt joints in plates and pipes

Annex A (normative)

Examination levels for various types of welded joints

See figures A.1 to A.7 and tables A.1 to A.7

Key for tables:

L-scan: scan for longitudinal indications using angle beam probes.

N-scan: scan using straight beam probe.

T-scan: scan for transverse indications using angle beam probes.

p: full skip distance.

SZW : scanning zone width.

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Table A.1 Butt joints in plates and pipes

Examinationlevel

Thickness ofthe parentmaterial

mm

Longitudinal indications Transverse indications

Required number of: Totalnumberof scans

Notes Required number of: Totalnumberof scans

Notes

probeangles

probepositions

SZW probepositions

probeangles

probe positions

L-scan N-scan T-scans

A 8# t < 15 1 A or B 1,25p Ð 2 1) 1 (X and Y) or (W and Z) 2 3)

15# t < 40 1 A or B 1,25p Ð 2 1) 1 (X and Y) or (W and Z) 4 3)

B 8# t < 15 1 A or B 1,25p Ð 2 5) 1 (X and Y) or (W and Z) 4 3)

15# t < 40 2 6) A or B 1,25p Ð 4 2), 5) 1 (X and Y) or (W and Z) 4 3)

40# t < 60 2 A or B 1,25p Ð 4 2) 2 (X and Y) or (W and Z) 8 3)

60# t# 100 2 A or B 1,25p Ð 4 2) 2 (C and D) or (E and F) 4 3), 4)

C 8# t < 15 1 A or B 1,25p G or H 3 4) 1 (C and D) or (E and F) 2 4)

15# t# 40 2 A or B 1,25p G or H 5 2), 4) 2 (C and D) or (E and F) 8 4)

> 40 2 A and B 1,25p G and H 10 2), 4) 2 (C and D) or (E and F) 8 4)

1) May be limited by agreement to one scan from one side.2) Additional examination by tandem technique by special agreement.3) Required only by special agreement.4) The surface of the weld cap shall comply with the requirement in clause 8. This may require dressing of the weld cap. However, for single sided circumferential pipe welds the outsidecap only to be dressed.5) If only accessible from one side, two angles shall be used.6) In the range of 15 < t # 25 one angle is sufficient provided the frequency is below 3 MHz.

EN 1714 : 1997

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1 Component 12 Component 23 End view4 Side view

Scanning zone widths are indicated by the letters: a, b, c, d, e, f and g

Figure A.2 Structural T-joints

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Table A.2 Structural T-joints

Examinationlevel


mm



Required number of:

probeangles

probepositions

SZW probepositions

SZW probeangles

probe positions SZW Total

number

of scans

Notes


A 8# t < 15 1 A or B 1,25p or C3) Ð 1 Ð Ð Ð Ð 1)

15# t < 40 1 A or B 1,25p C3) c 2 Ð Ð Ð Ð 1)

B 8# t < 15 1 A or B 1,25p C3) Ð 2 1 F and G c 2 2)

15# t < 40 1 A and B 1,25p C3) c 3 1 F and G c 6 2)

1 (X and Y) or (W and Z) f + g

40# t# 100 2 A and B 0,75p C3) c 5 1 F and G c 6 2)

1 (X and Y) or (W and Z) f + g

C 8# t < 15 1 A and B 1,25p C3) c 3 2 F and G c 4 2)

15# t < 40 2 A and B 1,25p C3) c 7 1 F and G c 6 2)

1 D and E d + e 1 (X and Y) or (W and Z) f + g

40# t# 100 2 A and B 0,75p C3) c 7 2 F and G c 12 2)

1 D and E d + e 2 (X and Y) or (W and Z) f + g

> 100 3 A and B 0,75p C3) c 9 2 F and G c 12 2)

1 D and E d + e 2 (X and Y) or (W and Z) f + g1) Not applicable.2) Shall be carried out by special agreement only.3) To be substituted by tandem technique from A or B if C is not possible.

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BSI 1998

1 Cross section2 Top view3 Component 1 = cylindrical shell/flat plate4 Component 2 = nozzle

Scanning zone widths are indicated by the letters: a, b, c, d and e

Figure A.3 Set-through nozzle joints

EN

1714

:1997

B

SI

1998

Table A.3 Set-through nozzle joints

Examinationlevel


mm




Notes

probeangles

probepositions

SZW probepositions

SZW probeangles

probe positions


A 8# t < 15 1 A 1,25p or C c 1 Ð Ð Ð 1)

15# t# 40 1 A or F or 1,25p C c 2 Ð Ð Ð 1)

D d

B 8# t < 15 1 A or 1,25p C c 2 1 (U and V) or (X and Y) or (W and Z) 2 2)

D d

15# t < 40 1 A or 1,25p C c 2 or 3 1 (U and V) or (X and Y) or (W and Z) 2 2)

D and E d + e

40# t < 60 1 A or B 1,25p C c 4 1 (X and Y) and (W and Z) 4 2)

D and E d + e

60# t# 100 2 A and B 0,5p C c 7 2 (X and Y) and (W and Z) 8 2)

1 D and E d + e

C 8# t < 15 1 A or B 1,25p C c 3 1 (U and V) or (X and Y and W and Z) 2 or 4 2)

1 D or E d or e

15# t# 40 2 A or B 0,5p C c 5 2 (X and Y) and (W and Z) 8 2)

2 D or E d or e

> 40 2 A and B 0,5p C c 9 2 (X and Y) and (W and Z) 8 2)

2 D and E d + e1) Not applicable.2) Shall be carried out by special agreement only.

EN 1714 : 1997

BSI 1998

1 Cross section2 End view3 Component 14 Component 2

Scanning zone widths are indicated by the letters: a, b and c

Figure A.4 Structural L-joints

EN

1714

:1997

B

SI

1998

Table A.4 Structural L-joints

Examinationlevel


mm




Notes

probeangles

probe positions SZW probepositions

SZW probeangles

probe positions


A 8# t < 15 1 A or B or H 1,25p or C c 1 Ð Ð Ð 1)

15# t# 40 1 A or B or H 1,25p C c 2 Ð Ð Ð 1)

B 8# t < 15 1 A or B or H 1,25p or C c 1 1 (F and G) or (X and Y) 2 2)

15# t < 40 2 A or B or H 1,25p C c 3 2 (F and G) or (X and Y) 4 2)

40# t# 100 2 (H or A) and B 0,75p C c 5 2 D and E 4 2), 3)

C 8# t < 15 1 (H or A) and B 1,25p C c 3 1 D and E 2 2), 3)

15# t < 40 2 (H or A) and B 1,25p C c 5 1 D and E 2 2), 3)

40# t# 100 3 (H or A) and B 0,75p C c 7 2 D and E 4 2), 3)

> 100 3 (H or A) and B 0,5p C c 7 2 D and E 4 2), 3)

1) Not applicable.2) Shall be carried out by special agreement only.3) The surface of the weld cap shall comply with the requirement in clause 8. This may require dressing of the weld cap.

EN 1714 : 1997

BSI 1998

1 Cross section2 Top view3 Component 1 = nozzle4 Component 2 = shell5 Normal probe

Scanning zone widths are indicated by the letters: a, b, c, d and x

Figure A.5 Set-on nozzle joints

EN

1714

:1997

B

SI

1998

Table A.5 Set-on nozzle joints

Examinationlevel


mm




Notes

probeangles

probepositions

SZW probepositions

SZW probeangles

probe positions


A 8# t < 15 1 A or 1,25p Ð Ð 1 Ð Ð Ð 1)

B 0,50p

15# t# 40 1 A or 1,25p C c 2 Ð Ð Ð 1)

B 0,50p

B 8# t < 15 2 A or 1,25p Ð Ð 2 1 X and Y 2 2), 3)

B 0,50p

15# t < 40 2 A or 1,25p C c 3 1 X and Y 2 2), 3)

B 0,50p

40# t < 60 2 A 1,25p C c 5 2 X and Y 4 2), 3)

B or D 0,50p

60# t# 100 2 A 1,25p C c 5 2 X and Y 4 2), 3)

B or D 0,5p

C 8# t < 15 3 A or 1,25p C c 4 1 X and Y 2 2), 3)

B 0,5p

15# t < 40 3 A or 1,25p C c 4 1 X and Y 2 2), 3)

B 0,5p

40# t < 60 3 A 1,25p C c 7 2 X and Y 4 2), 3)

B 0,5p

60# t# 100 3 A 1,25p C c 7 2 X and Y 4 2), 3)

B 0,5p1) Not applicable.2) Shall be carried out by special agreement only.3) The surface of the weld cap shall comply with the requirement in clause 8. This may require dressing of the weld cap.

EN 1714 : 1997

BSI 1998

1 End view2 Side view3 Component 14 Component 25 Component 3

Scanning zone widths are indicated by the letters: a, b, c, d, e, f, g and h

Figure A.6 Cruciform joints

EN

1714

:1997

B

SI

1998

Table A.6 Cruciform joints

Examinationlevel


mm



Notes Required number of: Totalnumberof scans

Notes

probeangles

probe positions SZW probeangles

probe positions

L-scan T-scans

A 8# t < 15 1 (A and C) or (B and D) 1,25p 2 Ð Ð Ð Ð 1)

15# t < 40 1 A and B and C and D 0,75p 4 3) Ð Ð Ð 1)

40# t# 100 2 A and B and C and D 0,75p 8 3) Ð Ð Ð 1)

B 8# t < 15 1 A and B and C and D 1,25p 4 Ð 1 (X1 and Y1 and W1 and Z1) and 8 2)

(X2 and Y2 and W2 and Z2)

15# t < 40 2 A and B and C and D 0,75p 8 3) 1 (X1 and Y1 and W1 and Z1) and 8 2)


40# t# 100 2 A and B and C and D 0,75p 12 3), 4) 2 (X1 and Y1 and W1 and Z1) and 16 2)


1 E and F and G and H e2 h 3), 4)

C 40# t# 100 2 A and B andC and D

and tandem(A or B) and(C or D)

0,75p 12 Ð 2 (X1 and Y1 and W1 and Z1) and 16 2)


1 E and F andG and H

e2 h

1) Not applicable.2) Shall be carried out by special agreement only.3) If a more sensitive level is required, a tandem technique shall be applied.4) But then E and F and G and H shall be omitted.

EN 1714 : 1997

BSI 1998

1 Component 1 = main pipe2 Component 2 = branch pipe

Scanning zone widths are indicated by the letters: d, e, f, g and h

Figure A.7 Node joints in tubular structures

EN

1714

:1997

B

SI

1998

Table A.7 Node joints in tubular structures

Examinationlevel


mm




Notes

probeangles

probe positions SZW probepositions

SZW probeangles

probe positions


A 8# t < 15 2 F and G and H 1,25p Ð Ð 6 Ð Ð Ð 1), 2)

15# t < 40 3 F and G and H 1,25p Ð Ð 9 Ð Ð Ð 1), 2)

40# t# 100 3 F and G and H 1,25p Ð Ð 9 Ð Ð Ð 1), 2)

B 8# t < 15 2 F and G and H 1,25p D d 7 1 X and Y 2 1), 3)

15# t < 40 3 F and G and H 1,25p D d 10 2 X and Y 4 1), 3)

40# t# 100 3 F and G and H 1,25p D d 11 2 X and Y 4 1), 3)

1 E e

C Not applicable1) Node joint examination shall usually be level D, requiring special agreement.2) Not applicable.3) If the bore of component 1 is not accessible (probe position D and E) examination level 2 cannot be achieved.

BSI389 Chiswick High RoadLondonW4 4AL

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BS en 1714-98_Ultrasonic Examination of Weld Joint

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Transcript of BS en 1714-98_Ultrasonic Examination of Weld Joint