Broadband Facts, Fiction, and Broadband Facts, Fiction, and Urban MythsUrban Myths

Rod TuckerRod Tucker

Telephone Exchange

Fibre

National Broadband NetworkNational Broadband Network

• 100 Mb/s to ~ 93% of Australia (fibre)• 12 Mb/s to remainder (wireless and satellite)• Fibre upgrade path to >1 Gb/s (PON) and >10 Gb/s (PtP)

Splitter

Passive Optical Network (PON)

Point to Point Fibre (PtP)

Point of Interconnect

NBN Backhaul

Competitive Backhaul

Wireless

SummarySummary93% 93% FibreFibre CoverageCoverage

Source: NBNCo

SummarySummary

Access technologies- Fibre- Copper- Hybrid Fibre Coax - Wireless

Telecommunications 101- The electromagnetic spectrum- Shared media and contention

Debunking some urban myths

Splitter

Fiber to the Premises

(FTTP)

CabinetFiber to

the Node (FTTN)

Cu

Fiber

Hybrid Fibre Coax (HFC)

Coaxial Cable

RF Amp

WirelessFiber

Splitter

Access Network TechnologiesAccess Network Technologies

Telephone Exchange

Micro-cell

Electromagnetic SpectrumElectromagnetic Spectrum

10 m 1 m 10 cm 1 cm 100 μm1 mm 10 μm 1 μm 10 nm 1 nm

101710161015101410131012109108 1011107106

Radio TV Cell

FM UHF

100 MHz1 MHz 1 GHz10 MHz

AM

Wireless Internet

Micro- waves

Infra- red

Visible

Ultra- violet

Fibre (shared or dedicated)

150 THz

250 THz

Wavelength

Frequency (Hz)

100,000 GHz

1010

100 nm

HF

Wireless (shared)

Copper pair (dedicated)

0 MHz ~20 MHz (strongly length-dependent)

100 m

Coaxial cable (shared)

A single fibre has about 10,000 times the capacity of the

entire radio frequency spectrum

Sharing the Wireless SpectrumSharing the Wireless Spectrum

Source: Bell Labs, 1984

Cell

Shared Wireless SpectrumShared Wireless Spectrum3G Towers, 2010

Some Urban MythsSome Urban Myths

• No-one will ever use 100 Mb/s to the home

• Wireless can provide 100 Mb/s to the home

• Future advances in wireless will make FTTP obsolete

• Advanced DSL will provide 100 Mb/s to the home

• FTTH is environmentally unfriendly

• Australia is taking a risk in going to FTTP before the rest of the world

Backhaul Progress over 125 YearsBackhaul Progress over 125 Years

2010

Copper and Microwaves

Optical Fibre

20% p.a.

30% p.a.

50% p.a.

(kb/

s)

Historical trends continue

Broadband demand

stops

Source: NBNCo

NoNo--one will everone will ever……..

"The Americans have need of the telephone, but we do not. We have plenty of messenger boys.“

-- Sir William Preece, chief engineer of the British Post Office, 1876

"I think there is a world market for maybe five computers." -- Thomas Watson, Chairman of IBM, 1943

"There is no reason anyone would want a computer in their home."-- Ken Olson, president and founder of Digital Equipment Corp., 1977

"But what...is it good for?“-- Engineer at the Advanced Computing Systems Division of IBM, 1968, commenting on the microchip

Some Urban MythsSome Urban Myths

• No-one will ever use 100 Mb/s to the home

• Wireless can provide 100 Mb/s to the home

• Future advances in wireless will make FTTP obsolete

• Advanced DSL will provide 100 Mb/s to the home

• FTTH is environmentally unfriendly

• Australia is taking a risk in going to FTTP before the rest of the world

100 Mb/s FTTP with Micro100 Mb/s FTTP with Micro--CellsCells

100 Mb/s Wireless Broadband100 Mb/s Wireless Broadband

Each tower is fed by a fibre

Beware the fine print!

Some Urban MythsSome Urban Myths

• No-one will ever use 100 Mb/s to the home

• Wireless can provide 100 Mb/s to the home

• Future advances in wireless will make FTTH obsolete

• Advanced DSL will provide 100 Mb/s to the home

• FTTH is environmentally unfriendly

• Australia is taking a risk in going to FTTH before the rest of the world

Wireless is nearing its fundamental limits. It is ideal for providing mobility, but its capacity is severely limited.

Beware the fine print!

Some Urban MythsSome Urban Myths

• No-one will ever use 100 Mb/s to the home

• Wireless can provide 100 Mb/s to the home

• Future advances in wireless will make FTTH obsolete

• Advanced DSL will provide 100 Mb/s to the home

• FTTH is environmentally unfriendly

• Australia is taking a risk in going to FTTH before the rest of the world

DSL Downstream Bitrate vs. DistanceDSL Downstream Bitrate vs. Distance

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

0 1 2 3 4 5

Distance, km

Theo

retic

al S

peed

Mb/

s

ADSL2+

VDSL2

X

100 Mb/s VDSL2 range limited to ~ 50 m, at best

Requires active nodes in the field

Some Urban MythsSome Urban Myths

• No-one will ever use 100 Mb/s to the home

• Wireless can provide 100 Mb/s to the home

• Future advances in wireless will make FTTH obsolete

• Advanced DSL will provide 100 Mb/s to the home

• FTTH is environmentally unfriendly

• Australia is taking a risk in going to FTTH before the rest of the world

30

Peak Access Rate (Mb/s)

Pow

er P

er U

ser (

W)

1 10000

FTTP

100

20

10

10

32 Customers

M = 1

Power Consumption in Access NetworksPower Consumption in Access Networks

M = 1

FTTP is “greenest”

FTTN

M= 1

WirelessM= 10

20 users per sector

M= 10

HFC

M= Oversubscription

PtPM = 1

Some Urban MythsSome Urban Myths

• No-one will ever use 100 Mb/s to the home

• Wireless can provide 100 Mb/s to the home

• Future advances in wireless will make FTTH obsolete

• Advanced DSL will provide 100 Mb/s to the home

• FTTH is environmentally unfriendly

• Australia is taking a risk in going to FTTH before the rest of the world

Fibre Penetration by CountryFibre Penetration by Country

PenetrationSource: FTTH Council AP, 2010

Broadband Deployment in JapanBroadband Deployment in Japan

Source: Japan Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communication, 2010

Time to Fibre Time to Fibre ““MaturityMaturity””

Institute for a Institute for a Broadband Enabled SocietyBroadband Enabled Society

– Education and Learning– Health and Wellbeing– Network Deployment and Economics– Social Infrastructure and Communities – Service and Business Transformation

IBES Research ThemesIBES Research Themes

• Fully-functional FTTP test-bed, including core infrastructure• Equipment donated by industry• Interconnected (nationally and internationally) through AARNet

• Research &Development tool- For researchers: Technology and application development and testing- For industry: Configure, test, optimize and customize applications- For SMEs: Incubator facilities

• Integration and interoperability testing for higher layer technologies• Configuration of applications vertically through the technology stack

(> Layer 2)

• Input to industry standards relating to broadband applications and services

IBES IBES TestbedTestbed lablab

Using the Internet for Travel ReplacementUsing the Internet for Travel Replacement

Source: CISCO, 2008

Video Conferencing

Travel Replacement Travel Replacement ––

Greenhouse ImpactGreenhouse Impact

~200 kg/person return

2 X 0.1 Gb/s for 8 hours = 1 TB

~2 kg/person

Air Travel

Video Conferencing

Melbourne Sydney

Business Meeting

Platinum Sponsors

Gold Sponsors

SponsorsTest-Bed Partner Connectivity Partner

Enabling industry and academia to align interests and work more closely to drive innovation

IBES Industry Partner ProgramIBES Industry Partner Program

Green Internet

www.greentouch.org

•

IBES is a founding member of the GreenTouchTM

initiative  •

Global consortium, launched January 12•

Bell Labs (Alcatel Lucent), Telifonica, Huawei, AT&T, China Mobile, Freescale

Semiconductor, University of Melbourne (IBES), MIT, Stanford

•

Aim: To deliver the architecture, specifications, roadmap, and key 

components needed to dramatically reduce energy consumption of 

telecommunications networks.

•

Outcomes:–

Reinvention of today’s communications networks

–

Reductions in carbon footprint and operating cost –

Opportunities to bring innovative new ideas, products and solutions to 

market