BMC- Ceramic

7/29/2019 BMC- Ceramic

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AR102 Building Materials and Construction 1

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Ceramics

The technology and the art of making objects with clay

and similar materials by treating with fire.

Related discipline Ceramic engineering

Different types of clay are used.

Porcelain articles - Kaolin

Related terminologies

Earthenware clay products burnt at low temperature-

ordinary cooing pots and pans

Stoneware refractory clay in which large amount of

ground stone and pottery is added- higher temperature to

vitrification- stoneware jars.


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Ceramics

Related terminologies..

Porcelain white transluscent strong ceramic- kaolin and

feldspar with transparent glaze dinner plates, tea cups etc

Terracotta

hard brownish unglazed vitrified ceramic

material architectural ornamentation, artifacts etc.

Glazing transparent or opaque glass like coating

0.1-0.2 mm thick.

Glazing by oxides and salts of various metals

Salt Glazing by adding salt into the kiln at right temperature

Lead glazing by dipping a burnt ceramic in lead and then reheating

Opaque glazing or enamelling articles to be glazed are burnt first and

then dipped in a special mixture of borax, kaolin, colouring matter,

feldspar etc and again fired. for sanitary wares.


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Ceramics


Tiles

Common clay floor tiles thin, smooth and

hard tiles

mixture of ground glass andpottery may be added for strength the

mixture extruded as slabs, put into moulds

and pressed to desired shape and then fired to

about 1300 degree C. Thickness 15-20mm.

Clay terracing tiles

not glazed. Should beburnt uniformly. Thickness 15-20mm.


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Ceramics


Tiles..

Clay ceiling tilesusually placed on reepers or

stuck to the ceiling.

Clay roofing tilesmade of more plastic clay

than used for bricks.

Mangalore pattern tiles

Half round country tiles (Spanish)

Allahabad tiles (Italian)


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Ceramics


Tiles..

Glazed ceramic tilesBody of the tile is made

and fired to 1300 degree C. biscuits.

These biscuits are coated with glaze,

decorations etc and then again fired.

Coloured enamel coating can be glassy or

matt finish.

Fully vitrified tilespecial clay is mixed with

oxides and burnt to very high temperatures.

Unlike ceramic tiles with a coating of glazing,

these tiles are full body.

Water absorption 0.5%

Edges of the tile are ground again to have fine

edges for close laying.


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Ceramics


Tiles.

Porcelain tilesDecorative but brittle in nature.

Considerations in choosing tilesWater absorptionvaries from 10% by weight in ordinary clay

tiles to 0.5% in vitrified tiles.

Quality and thickness of glazebright colours need a body with

high expansion coeffecients.

Wall and floor tileaccording to use & application

Aestheticsmarble, granite look alikes etc

Costaccording to the budget and standard of building


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Ceramics

Clay Roof tiles

Mangalore patternoverlap with the lateral tile and lock with

tile above or below.

Size 410-425mm x 235-260mm

Overlap length 60mm and width 25mm

Two battern lugs and two eave lugs to fit into the adjacent tiles.

Clay Half round tilelaid in pairs as undertiles and overtiles.


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Ceramics

Clay Roof tiles..

Allahabad tilestwo types of bottom and top tiles.

Bottom tiles are flat, tapered with upturned flanges and

overtiles are half round and tapered.


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Ceramics

Stoneware pipes

Salt glazed stone ware pipesused for

underground drainage.

Pipes are formed by high power extrusion

from a thick mixture and then fired and salt

glazed.Cheap and durable and hence used for

lowcost buildings.

BMC- Ceramic

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