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DC Motor 

 Block Diagram of DC Motor

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ØThis family includes AC motor types and DC motors as well as linear, stepper and air motors, and motor  contactors and starters.

Ø

ØThis operation is based on simple electromagnetism.

ØEvery DC motor has six basic parts -- axle, rotor (a.k.a., armature), stator, commutator, fieldmagnet(s), and brushes.

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GPS

Structure of a GPS Modem

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Ø Global Positioning System (GPS) technology is changing theway we work and play.

Ø

Ø GPS, formally known as the NAVSTAR.

Ø

Ø GPS technology requires the following three segments.

1. Space segment.

2. Control segment.

3. User segment.

Ø This gives you better accuracy for a longer period of time(about 4-6 hours).

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Applications Of GSM

Ø Agriculture.

Ø Aviation

Ø Environment

Ø Ground TransportationØ Marine

Ø Military

Ø Public Safety

Ø Rail

Ø Recreation

Ø

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LCD

ØØ LCD consists of two glass panels, with the liquid crystal

material sand witched in between them.

Ø

Ø The LCDs used exclusively in watches, calculators andmeasuring instruments are the simple seven-segmentdisplays, having a limited amount of numeric data.

Ø

Ø

The LCD discussed in this section has 14 pins.

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 Block Diagram of LCD

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MICRO CONTROLLER 89C51 Ø Development of a Micro controller reduces PCB size and cost

of design.

Ø

Ø The system requirements and control specifications clearlyrule out the use of 16, 32 or 64 bit micro controllers or 

microprocessors.Ø

Ø ATMEL is the leader in flash technology in today’s market place and hence using AT 89C51 is the optimal solution.

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Functional block diagram of micro controller 

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Power Supply

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Ø The power supplies are designed to convert high voltage AC mainselectricity to a suitable low voltage supply for electronics circuitsand other devices.

ØØ A transformer is an electrical device which is used to convert electrical

 power from one Electrical circuit to another without change infrequency.

ØØ Rectifier is used to convert ac to dc.

ØØ A Filter is a device which removes the a.c component of rectifier 

output but allows the d.c component to reach the load.

ØØ Voltage regulator ICs is available with fixed (typically 5, 12 and 15V)

or variable output voltages. The maximum current they can passalso rates them.

Ø

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IGNITION SWITCH

Ø The term ignition switch is often used interchangeably to refer to two very different parts.

Ø

Ø The ignition switch generally has four positions.

Ø

Ø Ignition switch or the lock cylinder may fail in a car, but bothcircumstances have very different symptoms.

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MAX-232

Ø The ICs are almost identical, however, the MAX232A is muchmore often used.

Ø

Ø The circuitry is completed by connecting five capacitors to the

IC.

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GSM

Ø GSM (Global System for Mobile communication) is a digitalmobile telephone system that is widely used in many partsof the world.

Ø

Ø GSM has been the backbone of the phenomenal success inmobile telecoms over the last decade.

Ø

Ø A GSM modem can be an external modem device, such as theWavecom FASTRACK Modem.

Ø

Ø The connectors integrated to the body, guarantee the reliableoutput and input connections.

Ø

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Block diagram of GSM modem with key connections