Blind & low vision
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Transcript of Blind & low vision
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early historyRome
Sparta
Athens
Depends where you are!
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early history
ward status
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early history
integration
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early history
enlightenment
Denis
Diderot
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Valentine Haüy (1784)
Royal Institute for the Blind
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Louis Braille
stitching awlPresented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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Louis Braille
age 10
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Charles Barbier
night writing
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Louis Braille
raised dot system
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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Louis Braille
corresponds to letters
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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Louis Braille
Tuberculosis - 1852
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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Louis Braille
France recognition - 1854
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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formal education in usaAmerican Printing House
(for the Blind)
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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formal education in usaearly 1900’s public school
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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formal education in usaadvocacy for integration
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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core curriculum1990’s – National agenda
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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legal definitionlegal blindness
20/200 or worse
(even with correction)
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legal definitionlegal blindness
20 degrees field of vision
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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legal definitionlegal blindness
(does not equate total blindness)
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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legal definitionLow vision
20/70 – 20/200
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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legal definitionLow vision
(AKA partial sight)
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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legal definitionvisual acuity
how sharp images are perceived
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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legal definitionvisual field
scope one can see without
turning head or moving eyes
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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IDEIA definition
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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lagniappeHow well can student use residual vision?
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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lagniappe
Impact on education
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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lagniappe
Use of modifications?
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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lagniappeLearn with other means
than print materials
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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prevalence rate.04% school population
with visual impairments
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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prevalence rate90% with impairment
have functional vision
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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the eye
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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possible causesexternal
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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possible causesgrowth, thinning, inflammation
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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possible causesInternal (premature birth)
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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student characteristics
intellectual
characteristics
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student characteristics
delayed skills:
play & interaction
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student characteristics
language &
concept development
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student characteristics
academic
achievement
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student characteristics
limited perceptual abilities
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student characteristics
orientation
perceptual abilities
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student characteristics
mobility
perceptual abilities
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student characteristics
wayfinding
perceptual abilities
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student characteristics
Impaired
psychological
& social adjustment
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toddler identification
lack of visual fixation(parent faces / interesting objects)
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toddler identification
abnormal eye
movement
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toddler identification
family history
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school age identification
Snellen chart
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school age identification
teacher report
of behavior
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school age identification
rubbing eyes
common behaviors
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school age identification
squinting
common behaviors
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school age identification
tilt head to see
common behaviors
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school age identification
hold objects
close to eyes
common behaviors
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school age identification
comprehensive
assessment
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what to teach
regular + expanded curriculum
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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what to teach
self-advocacy
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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what to teach
self-determination
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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expanded curriculum
compensatory skills
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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expanded curriculum
literacy & braille skills
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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expanded curriculum
listening skills
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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expanded curriculum
orientation & mobility skills
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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expanded curriculum
social interaction skills
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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expanded curriculumindependent living skills
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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expanded curriculumrecreation & leisure skills
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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expanded curriculumcareer & transition skills
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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instructional strategies
same curriculum
(with accommodations)
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instructional strategies
counsel to deal with
reaction of others
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instructional strategies
teach care of
prosthetic eye
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instructional strategies
Adaptations for color or visual discrimination problems
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instructional strategies
provide copy of
teacher notes
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instructional strategies
read aloud
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instructional strategies
audio of print
materials
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instructional strategies
hands on models
manipulatives
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instructional considerationsassist through touch & sound
(more than sight)
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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instructional considerationsuse specialized equipment
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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instructional considerationsgive equal access to
core curriculum
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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instructional considerationsdo no rearrange furniture
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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instructional considerationsappropriate lighting, tactile
materials, decrease visual clutter
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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instructional technologyprogram to magnify computer screen
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instructional technologyscan materials for access
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instructional technologyBraille 2 students who use it
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instructional technologycaptioned videos
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instructional technologyuse of guide dog
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instructional technologytext to speech program
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instructional technologyvoice recognition software
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general classroom considerations
request large print in advance
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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general classroom considerationsGet training on use of optical
devices & software
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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general classroom considerations
encourage peer interactions
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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general classroom considerationsaddress emotional &
learning needs
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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general classroom considerations
provide daily cues
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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general classroom considerationsconsult with vision
specialist regularly
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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general classroom considerations
use tactile materials
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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general classroom considerations
reduce glare on materials
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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general classroom considerations
speak in normal tones
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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general classroom considerations
tell student when you leave the room
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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general classroom considerations
maintain high expectations
Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.
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Presented By: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.