Biomes, and Aquatic Ecosystems By: Mattias Knapp and that Other Guy.
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Transcript of Biomes, and Aquatic Ecosystems By: Mattias Knapp and that Other Guy.
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Biomes, and Aquatic Ecosystems
By: Mattias Knapp and that Other Guy
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What is a biome?
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What is a Biome?• major terrestrial ecosystems
that cove most of the earth• they are classsified by
o types of of plantso types of animalso types of climates
Different animals live in same biome
• some follow lines of lattitude o notice how simmilar
biomes are at similar lattitudes
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----------Types of Biomes---------
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Tundra
• in top lattitudes or mountains
• bitterly cold• permafrost covers
groundo little plant life growso not much melts
• animals aren't very diverse (low biodiversity)
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Coniferous Forest
• cone-bearing evergreen trees
• northern part called taiga o conical shape of the
trees prevents snow collecting
o needle leaves prevent moisture loss
• lower latitudes considered temperate rain forests
o a little biodiversity
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Temperate Deciduous Forest
• broad-leaf deciduous trees• moderate precipitation• cold winters• hot summers• shed leaves in autumn• high biodiversity • many animals conserve
energy in winter• some birds fly to warmer
areas
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Temperate Grassland
• deep, nutrient rich soil• cool winters• very few tall plants
o seasonal droughto occasional fireso large grazing
anmals• varied grass types• high biodiversity
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Chaparral
• coastal biome• mild rainy winters• hot dry summers• many fires
o woody shrubs often set abblaze they are specifically
adapted for this • little biodiversity
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Desert
• very dry• temperature varies
between deserts o some have no plant
lifeo some have
scattered shrubs and cacti
• organisms adapt very well for little water
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Savanna
• grasslands with scattered trees
• many grazing animals• many predators • warm• alternating wet-dry
seasonso drought during dry
seasons animals adapted for
this
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Tropical Forest
• near equator• receive a lot of rain• the highest biodiversity
of all biomeso plants grow on each
other in layerso hundreds of
thousands of animal species
• being cut down almost to extinction
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----------Aquatic Ecosytems---------
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• standing water• wide range of sizes • large lakes are divided into
zoneso photic zone
photosynthetic plants and microorganisms
o aphotic zone darker murkier areas
o benthic zone bottom
Lakes and ponds
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Streams and Rivers
• flowing fresh water• different organisms
than in lakes• changes from source
to destinationo shallow at sourceo deeper and wide at
endo more organisms live
at the end
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Estuaries
• where rivers merge with ocean
• warmer and saltier than rivers
• rich diversity in water and on surrounding lando salt marsheso mangrove swamps
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Ocean Zones
• Intertidal Zone• Neritic Zone
o continental shelf o photic zone
• Oceanic Zoneo benthic zoneo pelagic zone
photic zone aphotic zone
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Coral Reefs• marine tropical rain forests• many marine species
inhabits a coral reef• all the invertebrates are in
coral reefs• visually amazing
and diverse ecosystem• reefs are formed by
colonies of coral polypso coral-an animal that
makes an stone like exoskeleton
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Deep-sea Vents
• tubes where hot gases rise• sunlight can't reach that far down
o adaptions to get energy from sulfuro these are called prokaryotes
• prokaryotes--->tube worms and clams--->crabs