Biomedical Embedded Systems
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Transcript of Biomedical Embedded Systems
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BIOMEDICAL
EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
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Introduction
Embedded systemsare not recognizable ascomputers. They are hidden inside everydayobjects that surround us and help
us in our lives.
Do not interfacewith the outside world through familiar personalcomputer interfaces- mouse, keyboard and graphic user interface.
Interface with the outside world - sensors, actuators and specializedcommunication links.
Embedded system is combination of hardware and softwarewhichtogether form a component of a larger machine which can perform aparticular function.
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Introduction
They often need to provide their services within strict time deadlinesto their users and to the surroundingworld.
Using of real-time operating systemsin embedded software
Designed to run on its own withouthuman intervention-respond toevents in real time.
Embedded systems may be used in medical equipments.
Their extensive use and integration in everyday products marks asignificant evolution in information science and technology.
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Trends in Medical Systems
Trends in Medical Systemsare following: Direct face-to-face medical support to remote
supervision and monitoring automated for control
of long-term medication and treatment.
New means of interaction and surgery by new
medical devices(MEMS, nano devices).
Smarter healthcare systems: automated error-
free provision in hospitals.
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Transducer that uses pulsed
doppler ultrasound to measure
fetal heart rate
Continuousarterial
bloodgas monitor
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Telemedicine
Telemedicine may be defined as the use
of computers and telecommunication
technologies to provide medical
information and services from distantlocations
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Requirement Specification
A patient getting treated
A Doctor
A remote telemedicine
console having audio visual
and data conferencing facilities
An expert/ specialized doctor
A central telemedicine server
having audio visual and data
conferencing facility
Nodal HospitalNodal Hospital
POTS / ISDN
Referral HospitalReferral Hospital
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Sequence of Operation
PATIENT IN
Patient visits OPD
Local Doctor checks up
Patient receives local treatment and
not referred to telemedicine system
Patient referred to the Telemedicine system (some special
investigations may be suggested)
Patient visits Telemedicine data-entry console.
Operator entries patient record, data and images of testresults, appointment date is fixed for online telemedicine
session
OUT
OUT
Offline Data transfer
from Nodal Centre
Day One
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Sequence of Operation
Day Two
Patient 1Patient 2
Patient 3
Patient 4
.
.
.
Online conference for the patient.
Patient, local doctors at the nodal hospital
and specialist doctors at the referral
hospital
IN OUT
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Hardware Configuration
Digital camera
Referral Hospital
Nodal Hospital
PSTN/ISDN/VSAT link
Scanner
PrinterModem
Modem
Microscope and other
medical instruments
Video Conference
Video Conference
Telephone
Telephone
Digital camera
Referral Hospital
Nodal Hospital
PSTN/ISDN/VSAT link
Scanner
PrinterModem
Modem
Microscope and other
medical instruments
Video Conference
Video Conference
Telephone
Telephone
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Software Modules -1
Data AcquisitionData Acquisition
Data Distributor
Data Distributor
Temp
FilesLocal
DB
Data EncryptionData Encryption
Data SenderData Sender Data Receiver
Data Receiver
Data DistributorData Distributor
Patient data
Browser
Patient data
Browser
User InterfaceUser Interface
Data DecryptionData Decryption
Master
Database
Temp
Files
D A T A
Acknowledgement
NODAL CENTRE REFERRAL CENTRE
Data Flow Diagram
For Off line Communication
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Software Modules - 2
Data
Acquisition
Data
Acquisition
Online SessionCoordinator and
communicator
Online Session
Coordinator and
communicator
Local
DB
Online Session
Coordinator and
communicator
Online Session
Coordinator andcommunicator
Master
DB
Secure Communication
Channel
NODAL CENTRE REFERRAL CENTRE
Data Flow Diagram
For Online Communication
Video Conferencing Video Conferencing
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Intelligent home healthcare embedded system
Intelligent home health care embedded system which can providediagnosis about health status for patients directly at home.
Pluggable medical transducers (e.g. electrocardiograph,sphygmomanometer, blood glucose meter, etc.) can be flexiblyconnected to the interface of the embedded system.
Patients can have health checking by themselves easily and advicesabout their health status are displayed to them immediately.
Expert system with updatable knowledge base for diagnosis of the
health status.
Primary diagnosis results will be displayed as a preliminary adviceto the patients.
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Intelligent home healthcare embedded system
Fall detection systemfor the elderly. Falls are common in the elderly and constitute a major
health burden.
Prototype is wearable accelerometer for fall detection(Analog Devices ADXL105 )
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Wireless Biomedical System Design Based on
ZigBee Technology
It has the capability to monitor vital signals from multiple
biosensors.
Biomedical signals are collected and processed using 2-
tiered subsystems.
The first stage is the mobile device carried on the body
that runs a number of biosensors.
At the second stage, further processing is performed by
a local base station.
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FPGA Module for image processing
A module with Virtex-II FPGA & 256
Mb of external RAM.
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Result OriginalImage
Below 45
degree
Back-ProjectionReconstruction
Above 45
degree
Complete
reconstruction
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MRI
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Conclusion
Embedded systems will have a more important role in
biomedical applications in the following period.
Exploring and exploiting new opportunities in theemerging interface between computer and
biology/healthcare.
Developing smart applications that improves productivityand quality in the bio-laboratories.
Pervasive embedded computing technologies to promote
research productivity in biomedical laboratories
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